Application of functional derivatives to analysis of complex systems

Abstract The application of the functional derivatives to the mathematical modeling of complex systems is studied here. The connection of functional derivatives with total differentials in Banach spaces is shown. Local and global existence theorems for the linear equations in total differentials are proved. Consequently, a total integrability conditions are derived for the case of linear equations with the functional derivatives. Some illustrative examples are included

Romantic Impulses in Victorian Literature

The thesis attempts to discuss the character of late Romantic literature and art as it developed in England throughout the Victorian period. It follows the assertion made by G. Hough that it is possible to identify a continuous presence of Romantic ideas and methods in the writings of some major Victorian authors, and reflects the fact that there was actually no consensus or prevailing unequivocal view of Romanticism at that time, as is evidenced in the contradicting statements of such writers as John Ruskin and Walter Pater. The first objective of the thesis is thus to define the characteristic features of English Romanticism as they can be tracked down in the formative period of the 18th century and the time of High Romanticism of the first decades of the following century, and to see what transforming changes these characteristics underwent during the Victorian era. The sources of Romantic sensibility are located in the revolutionary role of the scientific discoveries of the 17th century and a new focus of the philosophical writings of that period, concerning mainly operations of the human mind. This development resulted in new aesthetic conceptions based on the two prevailing approaches, empiricism and Neo-Platonism. These theories conditioned the main concern of Romantic thought, i.e. an..

Jaroslav Peprník: Anglofonní svět a Češi: kontakty a percepce. Lexikon osob od středověku po rok 2014. I–II

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On characterization of the solution set in case of generalized semiflow

summary:In the paper, a possible characterization of a chaotic behavior for the generalized semiflows in finite time is presented. As a main result, it is proven that under specific conditions there is at least one trajectory of generalized semiflow, which lies inside an arbitrary covering of the solution set. The trajectory mutually connects each subset of the covering. A connection with symbolic dynamical systems is mentioned and a possible numerical method of analysis of dynamical behavior is outlined

Decreased quality of care for Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Objectives Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is one of the most frequent bloodstream infections. High mortality of SAB can be significantly reduced by regular infectious disease (ID) consultations and appropriate clinical management. Because the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a negative impact on hospital ID service, it can be assumed that it has also led to decreased quality of care for SAB patients. Methods This study enrolled all (n = 68) patients with proven SAB who were hospitalized in Military University Hospital, Prague, in 2019 and 2020 and the quality of care indicators for SAB patients were compared. Results A total of 33 and 35 patients with SAB were hospitalized in our hospital in 2019 and 2020, respectively. The significant difference between the pandemic year 2020 and year 2019 was in ID consultations performed (74% vs. 100%; p = 0.002) and fulfilment of all quality of care indicators (66% vs. 93%; p = 0.012). Next, higher in-hospital mortality was observed in 2020 than in 2019 (6% vs. 23%; p = 0.085). There was no significant difference in the percentages of patients with performed echocardiographic examinations (66% vs. 83%; p = 0.156) and collected follow-up blood cultures (85% vs. 94%; p = 0.428). In addition, there was no difference between the two years in the adequate antibiotic therapy, sources, and bacterial origin of SAB. Conclusions The quality of care of SAB patients significantly decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic in our institution

Neutron diffraction as a precise and reliable method for obtaining structural properties of bulk quantities of graphene

Graphene based carbon materials have attracted a great deal of attention in the last decade; nowadays tons of graphene are produced yearly. However, there is lack of precise and reliable techniques for the determination of structural properties of graphene on the bulk scale. The analytical methods being routinely applied for graphene characterization, including TEM and AFM, can be only used for the study of scant amounts of graphene samples and do not give general information on the average number of layers and the structure of the prepared graphenes. On the other hand, diffraction methods can be advantageously used to obtain information on the average thickness of the produced graphene as well as on the average sheets lateral dimensions, without the necessity of sample dispersion in solvents. We present a study of the structural properties of graphene prepared by chemical and thermal reduction of graphite oxide, comparing SEM, STEM, AFM, Raman spectroscopy, BET, X-ray and neutron diffraction methods. Our study brings new deep insights into the basic structural properties of graphene in a bulk form. Given the importance of a suitable characterization technique on the bulk materials, we wish to highlight the importance of these diffraction techniques for accurate determination of the graphene thickness and lateral parameters.Published versio