Brazilian Front-of-Package Labeling: A Product Compliance Analysis 12 Months after Implementation of Regulations

This study investigated the presence of front-of-package labeling on food products in major retailers in Brazil after its implementation in 2022. Carried out from May to October 2023, we analyzed 2145 products of brands present in five Brazilian states. A total of 541 products presented front-of-package warnings. The categories varied in their adherence to front-of-package labeling, highlighting a prevalence of combined warnings, such as high in added sugar and high in saturated fat on sweet biscuits and chocolates. Sausages showed a high prevalence of high in sodium and high in saturated fat warnings. Beverages stood out as high in added sugar, while fats, dairy products, frozen preparations, seasonings, and sauces presented diversity in the warnings. Other products, such as panettone, showed a high presence of alerts. The study demonstrated the widespread presence of front-of-package labeling on ultra-processed products highly consumed by the Brazilian population. Considering the alarming presence of these foods in the Brazilian diet, it is concluded that front-of-package nutrition labeling is crucial to inform and raise awareness among consumers, allowing healthier choices and potentially contributing to a reduction in chronic diseases and the costs associated with treatment in the health system.This work was supported by the FCT—Foundation for Science and Technology, Portugal. Furthermore, we would like to thank the Centre for Studies in Education and Innovation (CI&DEI), Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society (CERNAS), and the Institute Polytechnic of Viseu for their support.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction of Freeze-Dried Sea Buckthorn (<i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> L.) Berry Oil Using Response Surface Methodology

The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of oil has received immense importance nowadays because of the enormous benefits the process offers. However, the literature evaluating this process is scarce for sea buckthorn oil. Furthermore, to date, to the best of our knowledge, a study evaluating the combined use of enzymes and UAE for this oil is lacking. In this study, oil from freeze-dried sea buckthorn berries was extracted using ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) and the effect of variables (time, enzyme concentration, and solvent to sample ratio) was evaluated on oil yield and its physiochemical properties (acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, density, and color). The optimum conditions were determined using the response surface methodology. The optimum conditions established were 5.08 mL/g, 14.65 min, and 3.13 U/g for a solvent to sample ratio, ultra-sonication time, and enzyme units, respectively. The oil yield was 18.32%. Physicochemical parameters were found better in UAEE oil than in the Soxhlet-extracted oil. Gas chromatography detected relatively higher levels of fatty acids, including palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acids in UAEE oil. The optimum conditions were also verified for adequacy by validation and results were matched with predicted values with 0.8 to 1.5 error %, which states that the model can be utilized to predict oil yield percentage

Associations of serum fatty acids with abdominal obesity¹^,².

<p>Associations of serum fatty acids with abdominal obesity<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0170684#t003fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>^,<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0170684#t003fn002" target="_blank">²</a>.</p

Associations of serum fatty acids with abdominal obesity¹.

<p>Associations of serum fatty acids with abdominal obesity<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0170684#t002fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Anthropometrics, clinical measurements, lifestyle factors, serum cholesteryl ester FA, and estimated desaturase activity in the 60-year old men and women.

<p>Anthropometrics, clinical measurements, lifestyle factors, serum cholesteryl ester FA, and estimated desaturase activity in the 60-year old men and women.</p

Associations of estimated desaturase activities with anthropometric measures.¹^,².

<p>Associations of estimated desaturase activities with anthropometric measures.<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0170684#t005fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>^,<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0170684#t005fn002" target="_blank">²</a>.</p

Associations of estimated desaturase activities with abdominal obesity¹.

<p>Associations of estimated desaturase activities with abdominal obesity<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0170684#t004fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p