Small Distributed Energy Russia: Combined Heat and Power Generation

The issues and current trends of research in the field of decentralized energy supply for the period up to 2030 were considered. The analysis of the cogeneration market in Russia was done. The questions of gasification and hydrogen technologies as applied to the market of cogeneration plants were elucidated. Promising technologies for autonomous decentralized energy supply and the evaluation of their applicability to small energy were presented

The Peat and Wood Gasification at Different Conditions of the Pyrolysis Process

In this article are described the prospects of peat and wood using as a raw material for gasification with producing of high potential synthesis gas. It is shown that the low-grade fuel recycling, in particular wood and peat makes a use of this energy sources a possible alternative to the using a more traditional coal and natural gas. The features of low-temperature pyrolysis are analyzed and computer modeling of this process at different conditions is conducted. The temperature influence of recycling to main parameters (calorific value, elementary composition of gaseous components) of produced gas is established

Biomass Conversion into Solid Composite Fuel for Bed-Combustion

The purpose of this research is the conversion of different types of biomass into solid composite fuel. The subject of research is the heat conversion of biomass into solid composite fuel. The research object is the biomass of the Tomsk region (Russia): peat, waste wood, lake sapropel. Physical experiment of biomass conversion is used as method of research. The new experimental unit for thermal conversion of biomass into carbon residue, fuel gas and pyrolysis condensate is described. As a result of research such parameters are obtained: thermotechnical biomass characteristics, material balances and product characteristics of the heat-technology conversion. Different methods of obtaining solid composite fuel from the products of thermal technologies are considered. As a result, it is established: heat-technology provides efficient conversion of the wood chips and peat; conversion of the lake sapropel is inefficient since the solid composite fuel has the high ash content and net calorific value

Composite Solid Fuel: Research of Formation Parameters

Involving of local low-grade fuels resources in fuel and energy balance is actual question of research in the present. In this paper the possibility of processing low-grade fuel in the solid fuel composite was considered. The aim of the work is to define the optimal parameters for formation of the solid composite fuel. A result of researches determined that dextrin content in the binder allows to obtain solid composite fuel having the highest strength. The drying temperature for the various fuels was determined: for pellets production was 20-80 °C, for briquettes – 20-40 °C

Thermal Energy Consumption in the Heat-Technology Production of Solid Composite Fuel From Low-Grade Raw Materials

An evaluation is made of the thermal energy consumed in the heat-technology production of solid composite fuel from low-grade organic raw materials. It is shown that the heat of decomposition of the organic mass and the combustion of the by-products of heat-technology may be sufficient to cover all the energy needs for processing peat, brown coal and wood chips. Producing solid composite fuel from sapropel requires external resources to compensate for part of the heat consumed. Calculations show that it is possible for the thermal processing of raw materials to proceed autothermally due to the heat of decomposition when the moisture content at the reactor inlet is limited: for peat it should be no more than 35%, 54% for brown coal, and 37% for wood chips. The low heat of decomposition of the sapropel organic mass means that its thermal processing cannot proceed autothermally

Kyoto protocol mechanisms for modernization of heat power engineering

The main principles of the international mechanisms of affecting the limitations of greenhouse gas emission into the atmosphere, assigned by Kyoto protocol by the UNO framework convention in climate change as well as the possibility of their application in Russian heat power engineering to reequip heat power stations are considered

The effectiveness of the small-tonnage solid composite fuel production from biomass

The relevance of the work is caused by necessity of the involving of local low-grade raw materials in the fuel energy balance. The purpose of the work is technical and economical evaluation to implementation possibility of the solid composite fuel production from peat as an example of the Tomsk region. The results of a processing of the low-grade raw materials at certain types from Tomsk region into the solid composite fuel are shown, their competitiveness is evaluated, the process line to production of this fuel is suggested and the economical calculation of the production organization by its basis is made. As a result, the prime cost of solid composite fuel and technical and economical parameters of investments efficiency are determined

Mineralogical identification of macxrocomponents of inorganic part of Kansk-Achinsk coals

The results of research of mineral formation in composition of coal samples with different ash level using expanded complex of physical chemical methods allowing increase of reliability of revealing ash-forming components in coal to estimate variants of their transformation as applied to techniques of coal preparation and burning, interaction with gaseous products of these techniques are presented

Disposal of Liquid Combustible Wastes using Flameless Burners with Porous Carbon Matrix

Two modifications of flameless burners with a carbon porous media in the combustion area were investigated. Kerosene TS-1 and mixtures of highly flammable liquids wastes (HIL) were used as fuel. Experimental data are presented in a graphical form as plot of the burner thermal capacity. Results show capacity for of the developed devices and prove the prospects of disposal of liquid combustible wastes using flameless burners with porous carbon matrix

Complex analysis of planning the power station equipment repair in generating companies

The problem of planning the thermal power station equipment repair in conditions of transition to adjustable markets of energy has been analyzed. The bases of applying the system approach in conditions of real restrictions by financial resources are stated. The method based on classification of sources of repair work initiation and considering priorities of works for different control levels is offered as a scheduling algorithm