Urban traffic management and Intelligent Transport Systems: A European perspective

The objective of this paper is to establish the state-of-the-art of urban traffic management in Europe, with a particular focus on Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), using data collected from 34 cities directly with the help of a purpose-developed questionnaire. Several areas of traffic management are covered, such as: general statistics of the transport systems, organisational structures, monitoring and forecasting, provision of traffic information and urban traffic control. Special focus is also given to demand management, traffic control centres, public transport and parking. Broadly summarising the results, it can be said that a wide range of traffic management technologies and policies are used in Europe. It is encouraging to see that strategic plans and traffic control centres are generally present in the participating cities, as well as facilities for public transport, ITS technologies and real-time public transport information. In addition, most cities have cycling infrastructure, pedestrian zones and alternative mobility schemes, as well as good policies for weaker population categories, such as the elderly, the jobless and the disabled. While the study has some limitations with respect to the reliability of the data provided by the cities, mainly originating from different definitions or from the absence of data all together, it can be considered a fairly good overview of the state-of-the art of urban traffic management in Europe

p-wave phase shift and scattering length of 6^6Li

We have calculated the p-wave phase shifts and scattering length of $^6$Li. For this we solve the $p$ partial wave Schr\"odinger equation and analyze the validity of adopting the semiclassical solution to evaluate the constant factors in the solution. Unlike in the $s$ wave case, the semiclassical solution does not provide unique value of the constants. We suggest an approximate analytic solution, which provides reliable results in special cases. Further more, we also use the variable phase method to evaluate the phase shifts. The p-wave scattering lengths of $^{132}$Cs and $^{134}$Cs are calculated to validate the schemes followed. Based on our calculations, the value of the $p$ wave scattering length of $^6$Li is $-45a_o$.Comment: 10 figure

Internet of Things and data mining: from applications to techniques and systems

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the result of the convergence of sensing, computing, and networking technologies, allowing devices of varying sizes and computational capabilities (things) to intercommunicate. This communication can be achieved locally enabling what is known as edge and fog computing, or through the well‐established Internet infrastructure, exploiting the computational resources in the cloud. The IoT paradigm enables a new breed of applications in various areas including health care, energy management and smart cities. This paper starts off with reviewing these applications and their potential benefits. Challenges facing the realization of such applications are then discussed. The sheer amount of data stemmed from devices forming the IoT requires new data mining systems and techniques that are discussed and categorized later in this paper. Finally, the paper is concluded with future research directions

Urban traffic management and Intelligent Transport Systems: a European perspective

The objective of this paper is to establish the state-of-the-art of urban traffic management in Europe, with a particular focus on Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), using data collected from 34 cities directly with the help of a purpose-developed questionnaire. Several areas of traffic management are covered, such as: general statistics of the transport systems, organisational structures, monitoring and forecasting, provision of traffic information and urban traffic control. Special focus is also given to demand management, traffic control centres, public transport and parking. Broadly summarising the results, it can be said that a wide range of traffic management technologies and policies are used in Europe. It is encouraging to see that strategic plans and traffic control centres are generally present in the participating cities, as well as facilities for public transport, ITS technologies and real-time public transport information. In addition, most cities have cycling infrastructure, pedestrian zones and alternative mobility schemes, as well as good policies for weaker population categories, such as the elderly, the jobless and the disabled. While the study has some limitations with respect to the reliability of the data provided by the cities, mainly originating from different definitions or from the absence of data all together, it can be considered a fairly good overview of the state-of-the art of urban traffic management in Europe

Risultati di una recente indagine sulla presenza in Europa di architetture di sistemi telematici per i trasporti/Presence of Urban ITS Architectures in Europe: Results of a Recent Survey

La presente memoria descrive i risultati di un’indagine sulle principali esperienze europee nell’ambito della gestione del traffico urbano, con particolare attenzione ai sistemi telematici per i trasporti (ITS, Intelligent Transport Systems). Lo studio, che ha riguardato 33 città dell’Europa politica, è stato realizzato con l’ausilio di un questionario appositamente sviluppato. Le domande riguardavano diversi aspetti della gestione del traffico nelle aree urbane: statistiche generali sui diversi sistemi di trasporto, strutture organizzative, monitoraggio e previsione, la possibilità di ottenere informazioni sul traffico e le tecniche di controllo degli spostamenti in ambito urbano. I quesiti hanno altresì preso in considerazione aspetti quali la gestione della domanda, l’esistenza di centri di controllo del traffico, i sistemi di trasporto pubblico e la presenza di aree di parcheggio. In sintesi, si è potuto constatare che le città coinvolte nell’indagine applicano una vasta gamma di politiche e di tecnologie per la gestione del traffico. È incoraggiante constatare che generalmente esse presentino piani strategici e centri di controllo del traffico, nonché adeguate infrastrutture per il trasporto pubblico, tecnologie ITS e sistemi di informazione in tempo reale sul trasporto pubblico. Inoltre, è abbastanza notevole la diffusione di piste ciclabili, zone pedonali e sistemi di mobilità alternativi, nonché di politiche rivolte ad incentivare lo spostamento delle fasce deboli della popolazione come gli anziani, i disoccupati e i disabili. In riferimento all’affidabilità dei dati acquisiti, il limite principale sembra essere consistito in possibili interpretazioni differenti per ciascuna domanda o, in alcuni casi, dalla mancanza di dati aggregati. Ciononostante, lo studio offre una panoramica della diffusione a livello europeo di pratiche urbane per la gestione del traffico. The objective of this paper is to investigate European practices in the field of urban traffic management, with a particular focus on Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), using data collected from 33 cities directly with the help of a purpose-developed questionnaire. Several areas of traffic management are covered, such as: general statistics of the transport systems, organisational structures, monitoring and forecasting, provision of traffic information and urban traffic control. Special focus is also given to demand management, traffic control centres, public transport and parking. Broadly summarising the results, it can be said that a wide range of traffic management technologies and policies are used in the participating cities. It is encouraging to see that strategic plans and traffic control centres are generally present, as well as facilities for public transport, ITS technologies and real-time public transport information. In addition, most cities have cycling infrastructure, pedestrian zones and alternative mobility schemes, as well as special policies for weaker population categories, such as the elderly, the jobless and the disabled. While the study has some limitations with respect to the reliability of the data provided by the cities, mainly originating from different definitions or from the absence of data all together, it can be considered a fairly good overview of urban traffic management practices in Europe

Urban Traffic Management and Intelligent Transport Systems: A European Perspective

The objective of this paper is to establish the state-of-the-art of urban traffic management in Europe, with a particular focus on Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), using data collected from 34 cities directly with the help of a purpose-developed questionnaire. Several areas of traffic management are covered, such as: general statistics of the transport systems, organisational structures, monitoring and forecasting, provision of traffic information and urban traffic control. Special focus is also given to demand management, traffic control centres, public transport and parking. Broadly summarising the results, it can be said that a wide range of traffic management technologies and policies are used in Europe. It is encouraging to see that strategic plans and traffic control centres are generally present in the participating cities, as well as facilities for public transport, ITS technologies and real-time public transport information. In addition, most cities have cycling infrastructure, pedestrian zones and alternative mobility schemes, as well as good policies for weaker population categories, such as the elderly, the jobless and the disabled. While the study has some limitations with respect to the reliability of the data provided by the cities, mainly originating from different definitions or from the absence of data all together, it can be considered a fairly good overview of the state-of-the art of urban traffic management in Europe