Minimal Uncertainty in Momentum: The Effects of IR Gravity on Quantum Mechanics

The effects of the IR aspects of gravity on quantum mechanics is investigated. At large distances where due to gravity the space-time is curved, there appears nonzero minimal uncertainty $\Delta p_{0}$ in the momentum of a quantum mechanical particle. We apply the minimal uncertainty momentum to some quantum mechanical interferometry examples and show that the phase shift depends on the area surrounded by the path of the test particle . We also put some limits on the related parameters. This prediction may be tested through future experiments. The assumption of minimal uncertainty in momentum can also explain the anomalous excess of the mass of the Cooper pair in a rotating thin superconductor ring.Comment: 8 pages, revised version accepted by PR

Effective Field Theory of a Locally Noncommutative Space-Time and Extra Dimensions

We assume that the noncommutativity starts to be visible continuously from a scale $\Lambda_{NC}$. According to this assumption, a two-loop effective action is derived for noncommutative $\phi^{4}$ and $\phi^{3}$ theories from a Wilsonian point of view. We show that these effective theories are free of UV/IR mixing phenomena. We also investigate the positivity constraint on coefficients of higher dimension operators present in the effective theory. This constraint makes the low energy theory to be UV completion of a full theory. Finally, we discuss noncommutativity and extra dimensions. In our effective theories formulated on noncommutative extra dimensions, if the campactification scale $\Lambda_{c}$ is less than the scale $\Lambda_{NC}$, the theory will not suffer from UV/IR mixing.Comment: 25 page

Cancellation of soft and collinear divergences in noncommutative QED

In this paper, we investigate the behavior of non-commutative IR divergences and will also discuss their cancellation in the physical cross sections. The commutative IR (soft) divergences existing in the non-planar diagrams will be examined in order to prove an all order cancellation of these divergences using the Weinberg's method. In non-commutative QED, collinear divergences due to triple photon splitting vertex, were encountered, which are shown to be canceled out by the non-commutative version of KLN theorem. This guarantees that there is no mixing between the Collinear, soft and non-commutative IR divergences

Assessment of extreme productivity of microalgae cultivated in the open air around neighborhoods of Isfahan City

The widespread use of microalgae in various fields of human activity including fishery generated a need of highly productive technologies of industrial production of microalgae biomass. In present paper, extreme productivity values of microalgae culturing system were assessed around neighborhoods of the Isfahan City in theory. It will amount to 37.90 g of dry weight (g. d. w.) per 1 m^2 of the illuminated reactor surface under condition that efficiency factor of photobiosynthesis equals to 5%. When photobiosynthetic efficiency is 15%, maximum values of productivity will be 113.71 g. d. w. per 1 m^2. Productivity of microalgae culturing system for its various orientations relative to the Sun at different photobiosynthetic efficiency was calculated on basis of simple model understandings regarding average caloric content of 1 g.d.w. of microalgae and the daily distribution of solar radiation which arrives at the surface of the Earth. If it is drown a curve of the third order (spline) through the points corresponding to days of the vernal (21 March) and autumnal (21 September) equinoxes and a summer solstice (22 June), the extreme (ideal) value of the yield will be 18.5 kg of dry biomass per square meter of illuminated surface (at photobiosynthetic efficiency of 0.15)

Detection of human papillomavirus DNA sequences in oral lesions using polymerase chain reaction

The purpose of the present study was to estimate the frequency of HPV DNA in four groups of oral lesions, including oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sixty paraffin-embedded oral tissue samples were examined for the presence of HPV DNAs using the PCR technique. These specimens were obtained from patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), leukoplakia, oral lichen planus (OLP), and pyogenic granuloma (PG). Consensus primers for L1 region (MY09 and MY11) and specific primers were used for detection of HPV DNA sequences in this study. we detected HPV DNA in 60% (9 out of 15) of OSCCs, 26.7% (4 out of 15) of leukoplakia, 13.3% (2 out of 15) of OLPs, and 6.7% (1 out of 15) of PGs. Statistical analysis showed that the prevalence of HPV in OSCC was significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.05). The frequency of HPV-16 and 18 detection in OSCC samples were 40% and 20%, respectively. The prevalence of these high risk HPVs was significantly higher in OSCC group (P < 0.05). The results of the present study show a successive increase of detection rate of HPV-16 and 18 DNAs from low level in samples of pyogenic granuloma and non-premalignant or questionably premalignant lesions of OLP to premalignant leukoplakia and to OSCC. © 2007 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Imidazole and carbazole derivatives as potential anticancer agents: molecular docking studies and cytotoxic activity evaluation

Carbazoles and imidazole represent two important classes of heterocycles which exhibit diverse biological activities such as antitumor properties. In this study, imidazole (C1-C3) and carbazole (C4 and C5) derivatives were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against three human cancer cell lines namely, MCF7 (human breast cancer), HT29 (human colon cancer), and HeLa (human cervical cancer). Carbazole derivatives (C4 and C5) with IC50 &lt; 10 µM showed greater cytotoxic effect than imidazole derivatives (C1-C3). Furthermore, all compounds exhibited better anticancer activity against MCF-7 than other two cell lines (HT-29, HeLa) and compound C4 was the most potent compound with the IC50 values of 2.5, 5.4 and 4.0 µM, against MCF-7, Hela and HT-29 cell lines, respectively. Physicochemical properties of compounds were calculated and their correlation with the IC50 values on MCF-7 cell line investigated. Surface area and polarizability of compounds showed good correlation by R2 = 0.8396 and R2 = 0.834, respectively. Docking studies of these compounds were also performed on the DNA as proposed target to comprehend their binding interactions and binding energies. The docking energy of compounds ranged from - 11.32 to -13.48 kcal/mol. Compound C3 with energy of -13.48 kcal/mol had the highest docking energy. Docking results indicated that these compounds (C1-C5) had strong affinity in binding to the DNA. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; KEY WORDS: Imidazole, Carbazole, Molecular docking, Cancer, MTT assay &nbsp; Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(2), 377-384 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i2.1

Quality management of cut carnation 'Tempo' with 1- MCP

Water relation and chlorophyll content are two important factors on the postharvest quality of cut flowers. 1-MCP (1–methylcyclopropene), as a gaseous inhibitor of ethylene action, significantly delayed the wilting ofcut carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). The effects of 1-MCP depends on concentration, time duration and temperature. In this study, the effect of different 1-MCP concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 nl l-1) andtime durations (3, 6 and 9 h) on the vaselife, water uptake, loss of fresh weight and chlorophyll index of cut carnation 'Tempo' which is an ethylene-sensitive flower, were evaluated. The effects of 1-MCP concentrations and interaction between 1-MCP concentration and time duration on the vaselife, water uptake, loss of chlorophyll index and loss of fresh weight, were significant at 1% levels of probability. Also the effect of time duration on the loss of chlorophyll index and loss of fresh weight was significant at 5%and on the water uptake was significant at 1% of probability. Treatment with 60 nl l-1 1-MCP for 3 h with 16.47 days vaselife, 2.57 ml g-1 fresh weight, 2.41 ml g-1 water uptake and 2.667 loss of chlorophyll index wasbetter than other treatments

Noncommutative quantum mechanics and the Aharonov-Casher effect

In this work a new method is developed to investigate the Aharonov-Casher effect in a noncommutative space. It is shown that the holonomy receives non-trivial kinematical corrections.Comment: 8 pages, Plain Tex, to appear in Eur. Phys. J.

Pre-stimulus alpha activity modulates face and object processing in the intra-parietal sulcus, a MEG study

Face perception is crucial in all social animals. Recent studies have shown that pre-stimulus oscillations of brain activity modulate the perceptual performance of face vs. non-face stimuli, specifically under challenging conditions. However, it is unclear if this effect also occurs during simple tasks, and if so in which brain regions. Here we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and a 1-back task in which participants decided if the two sequentially presented stimuli were the same or not in each trial. The aim of the study was to explore the effect of pre-stimulus alpha oscillation on the perception of face (human and monkey) and non-face stimuli. Our results showed that pre-stimulus activity in the left occipital face area (OFA) modulated responses in the intra-parietal sulcus (IPS) at around 170 ms after the presentation of human face stimuli. This effect was also found after participants were shown images of motorcycles. In this case, the IPS was modulated by pre-stimulus activity in the right OFA and the right fusiform face area (FFA). We conclude that pre-stimulus modulation of post-stimulus response also occurs during simple tasks and is therefore independent of behavioral responses

A novel approach of multimedia instruction applications in engineering education

Effective use of educational technology depends on knowledge of why and how to utilize technology to solve teaching and learning problems. The present study first conducts a systematic literature review of the limited studies undertaken on multimedia instruction applications for engineering education to critique the current status of knowledge in this area. The conventional qualitative content analysis method was employed for data analysis. The results highlighted the incompatibility of three basic educational elements i.e. engineering curriculum, educational resources and engineering students’ learning characteristics all of which posed major challenges in teaching and learning engineering courses. Multimedia instruction enhances engineering students’ understanding of engineering concepts, procedures, problems and solutions through direct visualization. Furthermore, it could indirectly assist students in achieving higher order learning levels and skills through enhancing or supporting educational resources and increasing students’ motivation. Mobile multimedia instruction and a student-generated multimedia learning approach to improve engineering education are suggested for future research