Problematika Pelaksanaan Pembiayaan Ar-rahn dengan Akad Al-qardh pada PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri Kantor Cabang Pembantu Petisah

The problems faced by PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri KCP Petisah in implementing ar-rahn financing with al-qardh contract were as follows: first, there was no synchronization between the Edict of the National Sharia Board No. 26/DSN-MUI/III/2002 and the implementation of ar-rahn financing with al-qardh contract; secondly, there was the social problem about people's ignorance in the concept of ar-rahn financing with al-qardh contract which was in line with the Islamic law; thirdly, there was the company's management problem about the adjustment to sharia financial institution caused by the changing in regulation in ar-rahn financing. Some factors which became the obstacles in implementing ar-rahn financing with al-qardh contract from the internal factors of the company's management were the lack of understanding of pawn personnel who offered the product of ar-rahn financing to the people, their carelessness in assessing the genuineness of the clients' gold, and the adjustment to the management o f sharia financial institution as the result of the regulation in ar-rahn financing, according to the Circulation Letter o f Bank Indonesia No. 14/7/DPbs, on February 29, 2012 on qardh with gold as collateral. From the external factors, there were two aspects: judicially, there was no synchronization in the regulation of ar-rahn financing with al-qardh contract, and sociologically, there was no good faith from the clients since some of them pawned imitation gold, and people's ignorance in the concept of ar-rahn financing according to the Islamic law. Some attempts by PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri KCP Petisah to cope with the problems were by implementing due diligence, adjusting the regulation of ar-rahn financing to the regulation of Bank Indonesia, implementing SOP ar-rahn object analysis, providing training for ar-rahn financing personnel, and conducting operational principle more consistently

SLC26A9 as a Potential Modifier and Therapeutic Target in Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease

SLC26A9 belongs to the solute carrier family 26 (SLC26), which comprises membrane proteins involved in ion transport mechanisms. On the basis of different preliminary findings, including the phenotype of SlC26A9-deficient mice and its possible role as a gene modifier of the human phenotype and treatment response, SLC26A9 has emerged as one of the most interesting alternative targets for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF). However, despite relevant clues, some open issues and controversies remain. The lack of specific pharmacological modulators, the elusive expression reported in the airways, and its complex relationships with CFTR and the CF phenotype prevent us from conclusively understanding the contribution of SLC26A9 in human lung physiology and its real potential as a therapeutic target in CF. In this review, we summarized the various studies dealing with SLC26A9 expression, molecular structure, and function as an anion channel or transporter; its interaction and functional relationships with CFTR; and its role as a gene modifier and tried to reconcile them in order to highlight the current understanding and the gap in knowledge regarding the contribution of SLC26A9 to human lung physiology and CF disease and treatment

Manifolds associated with (Z2)n(Z_2)^n-colored regular graphs

In this article we describe a canonical way to expand a certain kind of $(\mathbb Z_2)^{n+1}$-colored regular graphs into closed $n$-manifolds by adding cells determined by the edge-colorings inductively. We show that every closed combinatorial $n$-manifold can be obtained in this way. When $n\leq 3$, we give simple equivalent conditions for a colored graph to admit an expansion. In addition, we show that if a $(\mathbb Z_2)^{n+1}$-colored regular graph admits an $n$-skeletal expansion, then it is realizable as the moment graph of an $(n+1)$-dimensional closed $(\mathbb Z_2)^{n+1}$-manifold.Comment: 20 pages with 9 figures, in AMS-LaTex, v4 added a new section on reconstructing a space with a $(Z_2)^n$-action for which its moment graph is a given colored grap

An Implicit Tensor-Mass solver on the GPU for soft bodies simulation

International audienceThe realistic and interactive simulation of deformable objects has become a challenge in Computer Graphics. In this paper, we propose a GPU implementation of the resolution of the mechanical equations, using a semi-implicit as well as an implicit integration scheme. At the contrary of the classical FEM approach, forces are directly computed at each node of the discretized objects, using the evaluation of the strain energy density of the elements. This approach allows to mix several mechanical behaviors in the same object. Results show a notable speedup of 30, especially in the case of complex scenes. Running times shows that this efficient implementation may contribute to make this model more popular for soft bodies simulations

Implicit Tensor-Mass solver on the GPU

International audienceThe realist and interactive simulation of deformable objects has become a challenge in Computer Graphics. For this, the Tensor-Mass model is a good candidate: it enables local solving of mechanical equations, making it easier to control deformations from collisions or tool interaction. In this paper, a GPU implementation is presented for the implicit integration scheme. Results show a notable speedup, especially for complex scenes

Crayfish in Scotland

Unlike the rest of Britain, Scotland has no native crayfish species. There are, however, two introduced species: the white-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) has inhabited Loch Croispol in Sutherland and Whitemoss Reservoir in Renfrewshire for several decades. A. pallipes is endangered in its native range and Scottish stocks may constitute an important conservation resource in the future. The other crayfish species in Scotland, the North American signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) was first recorded in the wild in 1995 and has spread rapidly to inhabit many river catchments and standing waters, where it is considered a serious threat to native biodiversity. The purpose of this thesis was to conduct research into the distribution, control and impact of non-native crayfish in Scotland, with a main focus on P. leniusculus. A comparative field study on the River Clyde in southern-central Scotland was used to test the efficacy of different sampling methods for detecting P. leniusculus in shallow, flowing waters. A combination of kick-sampling and three-run electrofishing was shown to be the most effective method and assisted in the development of a crayfish detection protocol. This protocol has been applied by fishery trusts across Scotland to determine the fine-scale distribution of P. leniusculus in rivers. Results of a radio-tracking study in the River Clyde catchment showed that P. leniusculus moves up to 195 m day -1 in lotic habitats, with flow and in-stream barriers identified as potential impediments to movement. In addition to studies of P. leniusculus, surveys were undertaken to assess the status of the two A. pallipes populations in Scotland. Results showed the occurrence of a low density and high density population at Loch Croispol and Whitemoss Reservoir respectively. These sites could serve as long-term “ex-situ” ark sites for A. pallipes but only if measures are taken to mitigate the current biosecurity threats of P. leniusculus and disease. Laboratory studies were used to assess the potential threat of P. leniusculus to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) redds and the globally endangered freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera). The burial of Salmo salar eggs in redds appears to afford protection from predation by P. leniusculus but other life stages may be at greater risk. Crayfish attempted to predate upon M. margaritifera but were unsuccessful, probably due to the thick, protective shell of the adult mussels tested; predation of juvenile mussels is predicted to be more likely. Finally, the impact of a large-scale trapping programme on a population of P. leniusculus in a large lake was evaluated using mark and recapture methods at Loch Ken in southern Scotland. The programme significantly reduced the number of males in the population but its effect on females was complicated by seasonal variation in trappability and the bias of traps towards males. Depth was found to be a significant determinant of the catch of P. leniusculus. Animals were also found to make significant movements of 800 metres in two weeks. Crayfish occur in Loch Ken at densities which are high compared with other lakes and the loss of native biodiversity there is expected to be considerable. Continued research into invasive species such as P. leniusculus will provide valuable data to support management decisions and help tackle what is one of the top five drivers of human-induced global change