Littératie universitaire : Accompagner pour favoriser la réussite des Ingénieurs et des Mastérants en informatique (le cas de l'Institut Supérieur d'Informatique de Tunis Al Manar)

International audienceNotre contribution prend appui sur la recherche en didactique universitaire que nous menons dans le cadre de notre thèse. Nous visons deux niveaux : les Ingénieurs et les étudiants du Mastère à l'Institut Supérieur d'Informatique d'Al Manar (ISI). Notre pratique quotidienne d'enseignante de Techniques de Communication orale et écrite nous a amenée à nous interroger sur le jugement d'insuffisance formulé par les évaluateurs du domaine de spécialité et à chercher à comprendre les impacts des dimensions disciplinaires sur les pratiques d'enseignement du français, langue d'enseignement dans les disciplines non linguistiques. Nous avons opté pour une recherche-action vu qu'elle répond à un besoin d'améliorer les pratiques d'apprentissage, d'enseignement ou d'accompagnement. Notre objectif est de mener à bien un projet d'encadrement des pratiques d'écriture et des discours propres au domaine informatique en recourant à un dispositif techno pédagogique hybride sur Moodle 2.7 qui correspond à une phase d'attention à l'apprenant. Il s'agit de passer du paradigme de l'enseignement à celui de l'apprentissage en accompagnant les apprenants dans le développement de leurs pratiques scripturales. Mots clés : didactique universitaire, langue d'enseignement, pratiques d'écriture, dispositif techno pédagogique hybride, encadrement. Abstract Our contribution takes support on the research in university didactics which we realise on our thesis. We aim at two levels: the Engineers and the students of the Master's degree to ISI of Al Manar. Our teacher's daily practice brings us many questions about the judgment of insufficiency formulated by the assessors of the domain of speciality. We try to understand the impacts of the disciplinary dimensions on the practices of teaching french, language of education in not linguistic disciplines. We opted for a research-action which makes us improving the practices of learning education. Our objective is to realise a successful project of supervision the practices of writing and the speeches appropriate to the informatic domain by using hybrid educational techno device on Moodle 2.7 who corresponds to a phase of attention for the learner. It is a question about crossing a paradigm from teaching to learning by accompanying the learners in the development of their scriptural practices

Unpublished Mediterranean and Black Sea records of marine alien, cryptogenic, and neonative species

To enrich spatio-temporal information on the distribution of alien, cryptogenic, and neonative species in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, a collective effort by 173 marine scientists was made to provide unpublished records and make them open access to the scientific community. Through this effort, we collected and harmonized a dataset of 12,649 records. It includes 247 taxa, of which 217 are Animalia, 25 Plantae and 5 Chromista, from 23 countries surrounding the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Chordata was the most abundant taxonomic group, followed by Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Annelida. In terms of species records, Siganus luridus, Siganus rivulatus, Saurida lessepsianus, Pterois miles, Upeneus moluccensis, Charybdis (Archias) longicollis, and Caulerpa cylindracea were the most numerous. The temporal distribution of the records ranges from 1973 to 2022, with 44% of the records in 2020–2021. Lethrinus borbonicus is reported for the first time in the Mediterranean Sea, while Pomatoschistus quagga, Caulerpa cylindracea, Grateloupia turuturu, and Misophria pallida are first records for the Black Sea; Kapraunia schneideri is recorded for the second time in the Mediterranean and for the first time in Israel; Prionospio depauperata and Pseudonereis anomala are reported for the first time from the Sea of Marmara. Many first country records are also included, namely: Amathia verticillata (Montenegro), Ampithoe valida (Italy), Antithamnion amphigeneum (Greece), Clavelina oblonga (Tunisia and Slovenia), Dendostrea cf. folium (Syria), Epinephelus fasciatus (Tunisia), Ganonema farinosum (Montenegro), Macrorhynchia philippina (Tunisia), Marenzelleria neglecta (Romania), Paratapes textilis (Tunisia), and Botrylloides diegensis (Tunisia).peer-reviewe

Contextualisation du Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les Langues dans le contexte du Français Langue Seconde : le cas de la Tunisie

National audienc

Contextualisation du Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les Langues dans le contexte du Français Langue Seconde : le cas de la Tunisie

National audienc

Contextualisation du Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les Langues dans le contexte du Français Langue Seconde : le cas de la Tunisie

National audienceThis paper aims at portraying the current Tunisian context. It attempts to describe the reality of multilingualism issue in Tunisia and present an analysis of the impact of the Common European Framework for Reference related to Languages (known from now on as CECRL) within this very non-European context. So as to build up communication skills, at the language level, and interact culturally researchers, didacticians as well as curricula designers have focused on the determination and planning of Teaching / Learning of languages situations according to multilingualism principles, on the choice of the appropriate conceptual tools of analysis. And finally, they have emphasized the methods used for training teachers. Therefore, they put forward the possibility of reconciling the answer with the needs of a specific context and the approval of common values backed up by the CECRL. Besides, they have, recently, put forward some landmarks in order to adopt a converging didactic designed to carry out curricula associating French with other involved languages.Cette communication vise à présenter le contexte tunisien. Elle se propose de décrire la réalité du plurilinguisme en Tunisie et de présenter une analyse de l'impact du Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les Langues (désormais CECRL) dans ce contexte non européen. Construire la compétence à communiquer langagièrement et à interagir culturellement a interpellé les chercheurs, les didacticiens, les concepteurs de curricula… qui se sont penchés sur la détermi-nation et la planification des situations d'Enseignement/Apprentissage des langues selon les principes du plurilinguisme, sur le choix des outils conceptuels d'analyse adéquats et sur les modalités de formation des enseignants. Ils se sont interrogés sur la possibilité de concilier la réponse aux besoins d'un contexte spécifique et l'approbation des valeurs communes, soutenues par le CECRL. Récemment, ils ont présenté quelques repères pour adopter une didactique convergente dans le but de réaliser des curricula associant le français aux langues en présence

La production écrite vue comme un processus bilingue : dans quelle mesure les TIC peuvent-elles aider ?

International audienceConsidérer la production écrite en tant qu’activité individuelle monolingue empêche souvent les apprenants de langue 2 ou 3 de laisser libre cours à leur créativité et d’atteindre la complexité et la correction souhaitées. Les fondements théoriques qui expliquent l’écriture comme un processus récursif, multimodal et bi-/plurilingue, ainsi que quelques expériences initiales menées sur le terrain ont révélé que des dispositifs et tâches qui favorisaient ces aspects déclenchaient un développement langagier positif. La présente contribution synthétise deux expériences de recherche-action visant à étayer la production écrite en français dans des contextes universitaires bulgare et tunisien en s’appuyant sur le potentiel des technologies de l’information et de la communication. Malgré les différences des contextes et des caractéristiques du public, les résultats convergent : le dispositif qui organise dans un ensemble cohérent l’accompagnement par le tuteur, les outils et les ressources numériques, la collaboration et l’interaction avec des pairs ou des locuteurs natifs, favorise l’amélioration progressive de la production écrite, la sensibilisation aux normes, la créativité et l’autonomisation des apprenants

Acute multifocal retinitis: a retrospective review of 35 cases

Abstract Background Acute multifocal retinitis is a rare condition that has been considered to be often idiopathic. The purpose of this study was to analyze clinical features and causes of acute multifocal retinitis. Results This study is a retrospective review of the charts of 35 patients with acute multifocal retinitis. Patients with three or more retinal lesions in at least one eye, with at least one lesion of less than 500 μm in size were included. All patients had complete ophthalmological examination, fundus photography, and fluorescein angiography. Twelve patients (34.3%) had optical coherence tomography. An extensive work-up was performed including a detailed comprehensive medical history, examination by an internist and an infectious disease specialist, a chest X-ray, Mantoux test, and laboratory tests for syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus, Bartonella, and Rickettsia. Of the 35 patients, 25 (71.4%) had bilateral involvement and 10 (28.6%) had unilateral involvement (total number of eyes: 60). Mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/25 (range, 20/1000–20/20). Retinal lesions ranged from 3 to more than 20 in number in at least 1 eye, and from 150 to 1500 μm in size. Associated findings included mild anterior chamber inflammation in 5 eyes (8.3%), mild vitritis in 46 eyes (76.7%), optic disc swelling in 9 eyes (15%), macular star in 4 eyes (6.7%), exudative retinal detachment in 6 eyes (10%), and branch retinal artery occlusion in 6 eyes (10%). Acute multifocal retinitis was found to be caused by Rickettsia conorii infection in 20 patients (57.1%), Rickettsia typhi infection in 4 patients (11.4%), cat-scratch disease in 8 patients (22.9%), and syphilis in 1 patient (2.9%). It was idiopathic in two patients (5.7%). Retinal lesions resolved without scarring in 3 to 12 weeks in all but three eyes (5%), in which residual retinal pigment epithelial changes were noted. Conclusion Rickettsial disease was the most common cause of acute multifocal retinitis. Other identified causes included cat-scratch disease and syphilis, and a very small subset of patients was diagnosed with idiopathic multifocal retinitis

Attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial injury in kidney with ischemic postconditioning application and trimetazidine treatment.

International audienceUNLABELLED: ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria have been implicated in the pathology of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). In the present study, we investigated whether the use of ischemic postconditioning (IPostC) and trimetazidine (TMZ) separately or combined could reduce ER stress and mitochondria damage after renal ischemia. METHODS: Kidneys of Wistar rats were subjected to 60-min of warm ischemia followed by 120-min of reperfusion (I/R group, n = 6), or to 6 cycles of ischemia/reperfusion (10-s each cycle) just after 60-min of warm ischemia (IPostC group, n = 6), or to i.p. injection of TMZ (3 mg/kg) 30-min before ischemia (TMZ group, n = 6), or to the combination of both treatments (IPostC+TMZ group, n = 6). The results of these experimental groups were compared to those of a sham-operated group in which rat renal pedicles were only dissected. Sodium reabsorption rate, creatinine clearance lactate deshydrogenase (LDH) activity in plasma, and concentration of malonedialdehyde (MDA) in tissue were determined. In addition, Western blot analysis was performed to identify the amounts of cytochrome c, c-JunNH2-terminal kinase (JNK), voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta (GSK3-β), and ER stress parameters. RESULTS: IPostC or/and TMZ significantly decreased cytolysis, oxidative stress and improved renal function in comparison to I/R group. IPostC but not TMZ significantly attenuated ER stress parameters versus I/R group. Indeed, it down-regulated the glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), the RNA activated protein kinase (PKR)-like ER kinas (PERK), the X box binding protein-1 (XBP-1) and the caspase12 protein levels. TMZ treatment significantly augmented GSK3-β phosphorylation and reduced levels of cytochrome c and VDAC phosphorylation in comparison to IPostC application. The combination of both treatments gave a synergetic effect. It significantly improved the survival rate, attenuated cytolysis, oxidative stress and improved renal function. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that IPostC protects kidney from I/R injury by suppressing ER stress while the beneficial effects of TMZ are mediated by mitochondria protection. The combination of both treatments ameliorated functional recovery