Multivariate Study Of Nile Tilapia Byproducts Enriched With Omega-3 And Dried With Different Methods

The present work aimed at studying the effect of different drying methods applied to tilapia byproducts (heads, viscera and carcasses) fed with flaxseed, verifying the contents of omega-3 fatty acids. Two diets were given to the tilapia: a control and a flaxseed formulation, over the course of 60 days. After this period, they were slaughtered and their byproducts (heads, viscera and carcasses) were collected. These fish parts were analyzed in natura, lyophilized and oven dried. Byproducts from tilapia fed with flaxseed presented docosapentaenoic, eicopentaenoic and docosahexanoic fatty acids as a result of the enzymatic metabolism of the fish. The byproducts from the oven drying process had lower levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids. In the multivariate analysis, the byproducts from fish fed with flaxseed had a greater composition of fatty acids. The addition of flaxseed in fish diets, as well as the utilization of their byproducts, may become a good business strategy. Additionally, the byproducts may be dried to facilitate transport and storage. © 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Alimentos, SBCTA. All rights reserved.361182

Sacha Inchi (plukenetia Volubilis L.) Oil Composition Varies With Changes In Temperature And Pressure In Subcritical Extraction With N-propane

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Sacha inchi is an oilseed crop that shows high oil content and it is an excellent source of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Temperature and pressure can influence in lipid composition on the subcritical extraction with n-propane. The highest extraction yield obtained was 30% under the conditions of 60 degrees C and 12 MPa. The extracted oil presented 442 mg of fatty acid g(-1) in terms of alpha linolenic acid. Analysis by easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry showed a typical TAG (Triacylglycerols) profile for Sacha inchi oil with major ions of m/z (mass-to-charge ratio) 895 (ALA-ALA-ALA), 897 (ALA-ALA-LA), 899 (ALA-LA-LA) and 901 (LA-LA-LA or OL-LA-ALA) in a form of adduct of [TAG + Na](+), in which ALA is alfa linoleic acid, LA is linoleic acid and OL is oleic acid. The phytosterols content (86.39-101.92 mg 100g(-1) of total lipids) varied according to the conditions applied for the n-propane extraction. In general, the subcritical fluid extraction with n-propane was found to preserve the important Sacha inchi oil bioactive constituents, that is, fatty acids, triacylglycerols and phytosterols. Regression analysis also showed that higher temperatures and pressures result in higher yields of phytosterols. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.876470CapesSao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2013/19161-4]Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Sacha Inchi (plukenetia Volubilis L.) Oil Composition Varies With Changes In Temperature And Pressure In Subcritical Extraction With N-propane

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Sacha inchi is an oilseed crop that shows high oil content and it is an excellent source of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Temperature and pressure can influence in lipid composition on the subcritical extraction with n-propane. The highest extraction yield obtained was 30% under the conditions of 60 degrees C and 12 MPa. The extracted oil presented 442 mg of fatty acid g(-1) in terms of alpha linolenic acid. Analysis by easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry showed a typical TAG (Triacylglycerols) profile for Sacha inchi oil with major ions of m/z (mass-to-charge ratio) 895 (ALA-ALA-ALA), 897 (ALA-ALA-LA), 899 (ALA-LA-LA) and 901 (LA-LA-LA or OL-LA-ALA) in a form of adduct of [TAG + Na](+), in which ALA is alfa linoleic acid, LA is linoleic acid and OL is oleic acid. The phytosterols content (86.39-101.92 mg 100g(-1) of total lipids) varied according to the conditions applied for the n-propane extraction. In general, the subcritical fluid extraction with n-propane was found to preserve the important Sacha inchi oil bioactive constituents, that is, fatty acids, triacylglycerols and phytosterols. Regression analysis also showed that higher temperatures and pressures result in higher yields of phytosterols. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.876470CapesSao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2013/19161-4]Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Quantification of fatty acids in tilapia fingerlings (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with different sources of vegetable oils<br>Quantificação de ácidos graxos de alevinos de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) alimentados com diferentes fontes de óleos vegetais

The present work aimed to quantify the fatty acids in total lipids of Nile tilapia fingerlings (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with different sources of vegetable oils mechanically extracted. Were used 320 tilapias (O. niloticus) with average initial weight and average total initial length of 2.55±0.57 g and 5.59±0.43 cm, respectively, fed for a period of 60 days, in a randomized block design with eight treatments and four replications. The diets were prepared with 320 g/kg crude protein and 3.500 kcal of digestible energy per kg of feed enriched with eight different oils: sunflower, canola, sesame, linseed, peanut, Para’s nut soy and macadamia, with an addition of 4%. Among the major fatty acids the oleic, palmitic, linolenic and linoleic were obtained in higher concentration (mg/g of LT) in fish from all treatments. The sums of polyunsaturated fatty acids after 60 days of cultivation had increased in all treatments compared to the 30 days of the experiment. This is due to the addition of oils with high contents of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids. The fatty acids in the carcass are a reflection of the energy source of oil used. As a conclusion it is recommended the use of linseed oil in the diet of tilapia fingerlings due to great improvement in the relationship between n-6/n-3.<p><p> O presente trabalho teve como objetivo quantificar os ácidos graxos nos alevinos de tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) alimentadas com diferentes fontes de óleos vegetais extraídos mecanicamente. Foram utilizadas 320 tilápias com peso inicial médio e comprimento total inicial médio de 2,55±0,57 g e 5,59±0,43 cm, respectivamente, alimentados por um período de 60 dias, num delineamento em blocos casualizados com oito tratamentos e quatro repetições. As rações foram elaboradas com 320 g/ kg proteína bruta (PB) e 3.500 kcal de energia digestível (ED) por kg de ração, enriquecidas com oito diferentes óleos: girassol, canola, gergelim, linhaça, amendoim, castanha do Pará, soja e macadâmia, com uma inclusão de 4%. Dentre os ácidos graxos majoritários o oléico, palmítico, linolênico e linoléico foram os obtidos em maior concentração (mg/g de LT) nos peixes em todos os tratamentos. As somatórias dos ácidos graxos poliinsaturados aos 60 dias de cultivo apresentaram aumento em todos os tratamentos em comparação aos 30 dias de experimento. Isto se deve a adição dos óleos com alto conteúdo de ácidos graxos n-6 e n-3 nas rações. Os ácidos graxos na carcaça são o reflexo da fonte energética de óleo utilizada. Como conclusão recomenda-se o uso do óleo de linhaça na alimentação de alevinos de tilápias, devido à grande melhoria na razão entre n-6/n-3