1,201 research outputs found
The Corrected Log N-Log Fluence Distribution of Cosmological Gamma-Ray Bursts
Recent analysis of relativistically expanding shells of cosmological
gamma-ray bursts has shown that if the bursts are cosmological, then most
likely total energy (E_0) is standard and not peak luminosity (L_0). Assuming a
flat Friedmann cosmology (q_o = 1/2, Lambda = 0) and constant rate density
(rho_0) of bursting sources, we fit a standard candle energy to a uniformly
selected log N-log S in the BATSE 3B catalog correcting for fluence efficiency
and averaging over 48 observed spectral shapes. We find the data consistent
with E_0 = 7.3^{+0.7}_{-1.0} X 10^{51} ergs and discuss implications of this
energy for cosmological models of gamma-ray bursts.Comment: A five page LateX file that uses the Revtex conference proceedings
macro aipbook.sty, and includes three postscript figures using psfig. To Be
published in the Proceedings of the Third Hunstville Symposium on Gamma-Ray
Bursts, eds. C. Kouveliotou, M.S. Briggs and G.J. Fishman (New York:AIP).
Postscript version availible at http://nis-www.lanl.gov/~jsbloom/LOG_S.p
A new bursting X-ray transient: SAX J1750.8-2900
We have analysed in detail the discovery measurements of the X-ray burster
SAX J1750.8-2900 by the Wide Field Cameras on board BeppoSAX in spring 1997, at
a position ~1.2 degrees off the Galactic Centre. The source was in outburst on
March 13th when the first observation started and showed X-ray emission for ~ 2
weeks. A total of 9 bursts were detected, with peak intensities varying from ~
0.4 to 1.0 Crab in the 2-10 keV range. Most bursts showed a fast rise time (~
1s), an exponential decay profile with e-folding time of ~ 5s, spectral
softening during decay, and a spectrum which is consistent with few keV
blackbody radiation. These features identify them as type-I X-ray bursts of
thermonuclear origin. The presence of type-I bursts and the source position
close to the Galactic Centre favours the classification of this object as a
neutron star low mass X-ray binary. X-ray emission from SAX J1750.8-2900 was
not detected in the previous and subsequent Galactic bulge monitoring, and the
source was never seen bursting again.Comment: 13 pages, 3 Postscript figures, aaspp4 styl
Competitive ability of hybrid and open-pollinated canola (Brassica napus) with wild oat
Non-Peer ReviewedThe competitiveness of three hybrid and three open-pollinated canola cultivars against two wild oat populations was determined under controlled environment conditions at two plant densities and five canola:wild oat ratios. Analysis of replacement series and relative crowding coefficients (RCC), based on shoot dry weight or leaf area, indicated that hybrid canola cultivars were twice as competitive than open-pollinated cultivars when weed interference was relatively high (i.e., high plant density and vigorous wild oat growth). Little difference in competitiveness among cultivar types was apparent when weed interference was lower. The results of this study suggest that hybrid canola cultivars may be best suited for use in an integrated weed management program, particularly for farmers of organic or low input cropping systems
New BeppoSAX-WFC results on superbursts
Presently seven superbursters have been identified representing 10% of the
total Galactic X-ray burster population. Four superbursters were discovered
with the Wide Field Cameras (WFCs) on BeppoSAX and three with the All-Sky
Monitor and Proportional Counter Array on RXTE. We discuss the properties of
superbursters as derived from WFC observations. There are two interesting
conclusions. First, the average recurrence time of superbursts among X-ray
bursters that are more luminous than 10% of the Eddington limit is 1.5 yr per
object. Second, superbursters systematically have higher alpha values and
shorter ordinary bursts than most bursters that have not exhibited superbursts,
indicating a higher level of stable thermonuclear helium burning. Theory
predicts hitherto undetected superbursts from the most luminous neutron stars.
We investigate the prospects for finding these in GX~17+2.Comment: Submitted in January 2004 for the Proceedings of the meeting 'X-Ray
Timing 2003: Rossi and Beyond', eds. P. Kaaret, F. K. Lamb, & J. H. Swank
(Melville, NY: American Institute of Physics
IGR J17254-3257, a new bursting neutron star
The study of the observational properties of uncommonly long bursts from low
luminosity sources with extended decay times up to several tens of minutes is
important when investigating the transition from a hydrogen-rich bursting
regime to a pure helium regime and from helium burning to carbon burning as
predicted by current burst theories. IGR J17254-3257 is a recently discovered
X-ray burster of which only two bursts have been recorded: an ordinary short
type I X-ray burst, and a 15 min long burst. An upper limit to its distance is
estimated to about 14.5 kpc. The broad-band spectrum of the persistent emission
in the 0.3-100 keV energy band obtained using contemporaneous INTEGRAL and
XMM-Newton data indicates a bolometric flux of 1.1x10^-10 erg/cm2/s
corresponding, at the canonical distance of 8 kpc, to a luminosity about
8.4x10^35 erg/s between 0.1-100 keV, which translates to a mean accretion rate
of about 7x10^-11 solar masses per year. The low X-ray persistent luminosity of
IGR J17254-3257 seems to indicate the source may be in a state of low accretion
rate usually associated with a hard spectrum in the X-ray range. The nuclear
burning regime may be intermediate between pure He and mixed H/He burning. The
long burst is the result of the accumulation of a thick He layer, while the
short one is a prematurate H-triggered He burning burst at a slightly lower
accretion rate.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in A&A Letters.
1 reference (Cooper & Narayan, 2007) correcte
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