99mTC-MDP bone scanning in a subungual glomus tumour

A 37-year-old female patient with four months history of paroxysmal pain in the left index finger was referred to our department for 99mTC-MDP scintigraphy. Radiographic studies of the patient showed a lytic tumour in the distal phalanx of the left second finger compatible with a glomus tumour. The scan showed mild decreased activity in the blood pool phase and minimal increased activity on the delayed images. The patient underwent surgery and a glomus tumour was removed. To the extent of our knowledge, this is the first case of bone scan in a glomus tumour of the finger reported in the literature

Investigating the Creativity and Its Influencing Factors among Medical Students

Background: Creativity is among the fundamental and constitutive features of humans, playing an important role in the development and growth of human beings and human civilization. The present study was conducted to investigate the creativity and factors influencing it among medical students.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 320 medical students were randomly selected using stratified random sampling. Guilford's Creativity Questionnaire was used as data collection tool. Chi-Square test, and one-way analysis of Variance were used for data analysis, and the results were presented as frequency distribution tables.Results: Most of the participants (232 students (72.5%)) had moderate levels of creativity. The mean score was obtained as 49.59±5.59, 22.02± 3.29, 35.06± 4.62, 25.81±3.53, and 135.56±13.80, respectively for fluency, elaboration, originality, flexibility, and overall creativity. There was no significant relationship between overall score of creativity with gender, major, educational level, and place of residence, marital status, employment, and term of study (P≥0.05). However, there was a significant relationship between flexibility (P=0.001) and marital status (P=0.045).Conclusions: Given that about three-quarters of the participants had moderate scores while high creativity is indispensable for health care workers, educational planners need to foster this capability among the students

Investigating the Creativity and Its Influencing Factors among Medical Students

Background: Creativity is among the fundamental and constitutive features of humans, playing an important role in the development and growth of human beings and human civilization. The present study was conducted to investigate the creativity and factors influencing it among medical students.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 320 medical students were randomly selected using stratified random sampling. Guilford's Creativity Questionnaire was used as data collection tool. Chi-Square test, and one-way analysis of Variance were used for data analysis, and the results were presented as frequency distribution tables.Results: Most of the participants (232 students (72.5%)) had moderate levels of creativity. The mean score was obtained as 49.59±5.59, 22.02± 3.29, 35.06± 4.62, 25.81±3.53, and 135.56±13.80, respectively for fluency, elaboration, originality, flexibility, and overall creativity. There was no significant relationship between overall score of creativity with gender, major, educational level, and place of residence, marital status, employment, and term of study (P≥0.05). However, there was a significant relationship between flexibility (P=0.001) and marital status (P=0.045).Conclusions: Given that about three-quarters of the participants had moderate scores while high creativity is indispensable for health care workers, educational planners need to foster this capability among the students

Burnout in Primary Health Care Providers in Mazandaran Province

Background: Burnout describes negative changes in attitude, mood and behavior in people under work-related stress. This study determines the degree of job burnout inprimary health care providers in Sari, Mazandaran Province, Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted on 208 primary health care providers working in Sari in 2015using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The self-administered questionnaire was completed by the participants and data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The mean scores of the four dimensions of burnout were calculated using the frequency and intensity scores.Results: A total of 62.9% of the participants were female  and a majority was married (91%). Approximately 21% of the participants were completely satisfied with their essential workplace facilities. The mean scores of the intensity and frequency of emotional exhaustion were 17.19±14.65 and 15.84±12.27. The mean scores of the intensity and frequency of the lack of personal accomplishment were 36.8±12.17 and 30.34±9.72. As for depersonalization, the mean scores of intensity and frequency were 4.22±5.36 and3.95±4.53. The mean scores of  the intensity and frequency of conflict were 6.67±5.12 and 6.18±4.26. The mean scores of the intensity and frequency of overall burnou twere also 64.89±22.95 and 56.31±19.87. There were significant relationships between the intensity and frequency of overall burnout and dissatisfaction with work experience, income, interest in the job and workplace facilities (P<0.05).Conclusions: Given the relationship between job burnout and variables including income and essential workplace facilities, it is imperative to improve health care providers’payment and salary and provide them with any essential facilities at their workplace and enable career advancement so as to help reduce burnout in different dimensions

Burnout in Primary Health Care Providers in Mazandaran Province

Background: Burnout describes negative changes in attitude, mood and behavior in people under work-related stress. This study determines the degree of job burnout inprimary health care providers in Sari, Mazandaran Province, Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted on 208 primary health care providers working in Sari in 2015using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The self-administered questionnaire was completed by the participants and data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The mean scores of the four dimensions of burnout were calculated using the frequency and intensity scores.Results: A total of 62.9% of the participants were female  and a majority was married (91%). Approximately 21% of the participants were completely satisfied with their essential workplace facilities. The mean scores of the intensity and frequency of emotional exhaustion were 17.19±14.65 and 15.84±12.27. The mean scores of the intensity and frequency of the lack of personal accomplishment were 36.8±12.17 and 30.34±9.72. As for depersonalization, the mean scores of intensity and frequency were 4.22±5.36 and3.95±4.53. The mean scores of  the intensity and frequency of conflict were 6.67±5.12 and 6.18±4.26. The mean scores of the intensity and frequency of overall burnou twere also 64.89±22.95 and 56.31±19.87. There were significant relationships between the intensity and frequency of overall burnout and dissatisfaction with work experience, income, interest in the job and workplace facilities (P<0.05).Conclusions: Given the relationship between job burnout and variables including income and essential workplace facilities, it is imperative to improve health care providers’payment and salary and provide them with any essential facilities at their workplace and enable career advancement so as to help reduce burnout in different dimensions

Burnout and its Influencing Factors among Primary Health Care Providers in the North East of Iran

<div><p>Introduction</p><p>Burnout is a popular research topics in service providing jobs, including the health care field. This study aimed at assessing the level of job burnout and to consider the important antecedents which might be related to job burnout among primary health care providers in Iran.</p><p>Methods</p><p>The participants in this applied cross-sectional study which was conducted in 2013 were 548 primary health care providers who were randomly selected from among those working in Shahroud, Sabzevar, Neishabour, Bojnord (provinces located in the north east of Iran). Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was administered to the participants and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS through chi-square test and ordinal logistic regression model.</p><p>Results</p><p>The burnout mean score among the participants was 54.1 ± 27.2 and the mean scores of burnout components i.e., emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment were 15.5 ± 13.6, 3.7 ± 5.4 and 35.5 ± 13.5 respectively. In terms of levels of burnout, 64.2% of the participants showed low levels (n = 352), 18.4% average levels (n = 101) and 17.3% high levels (n = 95). A significant relationship was observed between burnout, job resources and interest in job (p ≤ 0.05). However, no significant relationship was observed between burnout and the place (university) of working, age, satisfaction with income, experience, gender, level of education, marital status, housing status, having a second job and place of residence (p ≥0.05).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Lack of personal accomplishment was highly prevalent among the participating primary health care providers. Lack of career advancement and job transfer opportunities may play a role in the burnout of primary health care providers. Therefore, paying attention to this aspect may help to reduce burnout and even increase job engagement.</p></div

The relationship between burnout and physical facilities and interest in the job among primary health care providers (n = 548) studied in 2013 by multivariate analysis using ordinal logistic regression model.

<p>The relationship between burnout and physical facilities and interest in the job among primary health care providers (n = 548) studied in 2013 by multivariate analysis using ordinal logistic regression model.</p

Gene expression study of mitochondrial complex I in schizophrenia and paranoid personality disorder

Abstract Objectives: The aetiology and molecular mechanisms of schizophrenia (SCZ) and paranoid personality disorder (PPD) are not yet clarified. The present study aimed to assess the role of mitochondrial complex I and cell bioenergetic pathways in the aetiology and characteristics of SCZ and PPD. Methods: mRNA levels of all genomic and mitochondrial genes which encode mitochondrial complex I subunits (44 genes) were assessed in blood in 634 SCZ, 340 PPD patients and 528 non-psychiatric subjects using quantitative real-time PCR, and associated comprehensive psychiatric, neurological and biochemical assessments. Results: Significant expression changes of 18 genes in SCZ patients and 11 genes in PPD patients were detected in mitochondrial complex I. Most of these genes were novel candidate genes for SCZ and PPD. Several correlations between mRNA levels and severity of symptoms, drug response, deficits in attention, working memory, executive functions and brain activities were found. Conclusions: Deregulations of both core and supernumerary subunits of complex I are involved in the aetiology of SCZ and PPD. These deregulations have effects on brain activity as well as disorder characteristics