Invariant and Preserving Transforms for Cross Ratio of 4-Points in a line on Desargues Affine Plane

This paper introduces advances in the geometry of the transforms for cross ratio of four points in a line in the Desargues affine plane. The results given here have a clean, based Desargues affine plan axiomatic's and definitions of addition and multiplication of points on a line in this plane, and for skew field properties. In this paper are studied, properties and results related to the some transforms for cross ratio for 4-points, in a line, which we divide into two categories, \emph{Invariant} and \emph{Preserving} transforms for cross ratio. The results in this paper are (1) the cross-ratio of four points is \emph{Invariant} under transforms: Inversion, Natural Translation, Natural Dilation, Mobi\"us Transform, in a line of Desargues affine plane. (2) the cross-ratio of four points is \emph{Preserved} under transforms: parallel projection, translations and dilation's in the Desargues affine plane.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, 24 References. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2209.02636, arXiv:2209.14241, arXiv:2208.1274

State Liability for Violation of Constitutional Rights Against Indigenous People in Freedom of Religion and Belief

The government is perceived as the main perpetrator on violations of freedom of religion and belief in Indonesia. As the state organizer, the government frequently issues discriminatory regulations and policies and tend to cause intolerance to minority religions and beliefs, particularly to indigenous peoples. While freedom of religion or belief is a constitutional rights that cannot be reduced and is guaranteed universally in constitution and laws, the law provides limitation that causes ambiguity in the fulfillment of the rights of religion and belief. In addition, the government mindset still adheres to the term of "official religion" and "non-official religion" in any policy-making, causing adherents of minority religions and beliefs to be considered as cultural heritage to be preserved. This creates injustice, discrimination, intimidation and intolerance in rights fulfillment in state and society life. This paper discusses the existence of the guarantee of freedom of religion and belief for indigenous people and state liability for violations of freedom of religion and belief. This research used normative juridical method with statute approach and conceptual approach

(1'-Benzoylferrocenyl)diphenylmethanol; a Centrosymmetric R⁴₄(16) Dimer Generated by C-H...O Hydrogen Bonding

In (1'-benzoylferrocenyl)diphenylmethanol, [(PhCOC₅H₄)Fe(C₅H₄)]CPh₂OH, (C₃₀H₂₄FeO₂), there is an intramolecular O-H...O hydrogen bond with O...O 2.891 (2) Å: the ferrocenyl unit adopts an eclipsed conformation and the molecules are linked into centrosymmetric dimers by C-H...O hydrogen bonds with C...O 3.357 (3) Å, to generate a cyclic R⁴₄(16) motif

Accurate Redeterminations of 1,1'-Dibenzoylferrocene and (4-Nitrophenyl)ferrocene

In the solid state, molecules of 1,1'-dibenzoylferrocene, [Fe(C₁₂H₉O)₂], (I), are linked to form infinite chains in the [100] direction via (cyclopentadienyl)C-H...O hydrogen bonds [C...O 3.354 (4) Å]. In the structure of (4-nitrophenyl)ferrocene, [Fe(C₅H₅)(C₁₁H₈NO₂)], (II), there are no C-H...O hydrogen bonds and molecules are separated by normal van der Waals distances. For earlier determinations see Struchkov [Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR (1956), 110, 67-70] for (I) and Roberts et al. [J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans. (1988), pp. 1549-1556] for (II)

A Matrix Iteration for Finding Drazin Inverse with Ninth-Order Convergence

The aim of this paper is twofold. First, a matrix iteration for finding approximate inverses of nonsingular square matrices is constructed. Second, how the new method could be applied for computing the Drazin inverse is discussed. It is theoretically proven that the contributed method possesses the convergence rate nine. Numerical studies are brought forward to support the analytical parts

Characterization and physical modeling of endurance in embedded non-volatile memory technology

Transient and endurance mechanisms in highperformance embedded non-volatile memory flash devices are investigated in detail. An extraction methodology combining measurements on equivalent transistors and flash cells is proposed to discriminate the effects of defects on program/erase (P/E) efficiencies and on DC characteristics. A semi-analytical multiphonon-assisted charge trapping model is used to investigate the role and the impact of trapped charges on channel hotelectron injection and Fowler-Nordheim efficiencies, threshold voltage variations and endurance characteristics. © 2011 IEEE

Early detection of breast cancer based on gene-expression patterns in peripheral blood cells

INTRODUCTION: Existing methods to detect breast cancer in asymptomatic patients have limitations, and there is a need to develop more accurate and convenient methods. In this study, we investigated whether early detection of breast cancer is possible by analyzing gene-expression patterns in peripheral blood cells. METHODS: Using macroarrays and nearest-shrunken-centroid method, we analyzed the expression pattern of 1,368 genes in peripheral blood cells of 24 women with breast cancer and 32 women with no signs of this disease. The results were validated using a standard leave-one-out cross-validation approach. RESULTS: We identified a set of 37 genes that correctly predicted the diagnostic class in at least 82% of the samples. The majority of these genes had a decreased expression in samples from breast cancer patients, and predominantly encoded proteins implicated in ribosome production and translation control. In contrast, the expression of some defense-related genes was increased in samples from breast cancer patients. CONCLUSION: The results show that a blood-based gene-expression test can be developed to detect breast cancer early in asymptomatic patients. Additional studies with a large sample size, from women both with and without the disease, are warranted to confirm or refute this finding