Organometallic compounds of d-block elements

Organski spojevi koji posjeduju minimalno jednu kovalentnu vezu između atoma ugljika i atoma metala klasificiraju se kao organometalni spojevi. Metal u metalnim karbonilima istog koordinacijskog broja poput oksidacijskog stanja podliježe 18 – elektronskom pravilu. U slučaju istih orbitalnih karekteristika dva fragmenta klastera definiraju se kao izolobalna. Primjena izolobalnog odnosa uzmeđu klastera na Wade-ovo pravilo omogućava njegovu primjenu pri brojanju elektrona jednostavnih organometalnih spojeva. Mingosovo pravilo nalazi primjenu pri brojanju ukupnog broja valentnih elektrona polinuklearnih organometalnih spojeva u slučaju kada se Wade-ovim pravilom isti ne mogu strukturno opisati. Najvažnije organometalne reakcije su β-hidrogen eliminacija, α-hidrogen apstrakcija, supstitucija CO ligand, migracija vodika i alkila te oksidativna adicija.Organic compounds that have at least one covalent bond between carbon atoms and metal atoms are classified as organometallic compounds. Metal in metal carbonyls of the same coordination number as oxidation state is subject to an 18- electron rule. In the case od the same orbital characteristics, 2 cluster fragments are defined as isolobal. The application of the isolobal relationship between clusters to the Wade rule allows it to be applied in the case of counting electrons of simple organometallic compounds. The Mingos rule finds application in counting the total number of valent electrons of polynuclear organometallic compounds when the Wade rule can not structurally describe them. The most important organometall reactions are: β-hydrogen elimination, α-hydrogen abstraction, CO ligand substitution, hydrogen and alkyl migration and oxidative addition

Extraction of metal cations with porous oxo-aza macrocyclic compounds

Makrociklički spojevi definiraju se kao makromolekule cikličke strukture ili ciklički dio makromolekule. Ovi spojevi mogu se promatrati kao polidentatni ligandi čiji strukturni „okvir“ gradi minimalno 9 atoma od kojih je najmanje 3 potencijalno donorskih atoma. Za raširenost primjene makrocikličkih Schiffovih baza u ulozi liganda, zaslužna je jednostavna metoda sinteze. U ovome radu opisana je sinteza i karakterizacija Schiffove baze ( pDo5 = 1,6,20,25 – tetraaza – 2,5:8,9:17,18:21,24:27,28:36,37 – heksabenzo – 10,16,29,35-tetraoksa-ciklooktatriakonta-1,6,20,25 – tetraen ) i reducirana Schiffova baza pDo5R (1,6,20,25 – tetraaza – 2,5:8,9:17,18:21,24:27,28:36,37 – heksabenzo – 10,16,29,35-tetraoksa-ciklooktatriakonta). Dobiveni produkti okarakterizirani su FT-IR i NMR spektroskopijom te je ispitana ekstrakcija metalnih kationa iz vodenih otopina. Provedena je ekstrakcija metalnih kationa, a korišteno je 12 metalnih soli: Cu2+, Ag+, Au3+, Fe3+, Co2+, Hg2+, Cr3+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, (HAuCl4 x 3 H2O). Rezultati su pokazali selektivnu ekstrakciju Cu2+ korištenjem pDo5 spoja te izvrsnu ekstrakciju Co2+, Ag+, Au3+ i Fe3+ kationa pomoću spoja pDo5R.Macrocyclic compounds are defined as macromolecules with cyclic structure or the cyclic part of the macromolecule. These compounds can also be considered as polydentate ligands whose structural frame is built from minimally 9 atoms, of which at least 3 are potentially donor atoms. The widespread use of macrocyclic Schiff bases in a role of a ligand is due to a simple synthesis method. This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of Schiff's base (pDo5 = 1,6,20,25 – tetraaza – 2,5:8,9:17,18:21,24:27,28:36,37 – heksabenzo – 10,16,29,35-tetraoksa-ciklooktatriakonta-1,6,20,25 – tetraen) and reduced Schiff base pDo5R (1,6,20,25 – tetraaza – 2,5:8,9:17,18:21,24:27,28:36,37 – heksabenzo – 10,16,29,35-tetraoksa-ciklooktatriakonta). The obtained products were characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy and the extraction of metal cations from aqueous solutions was investigated. The extraction of metal cations was carried out, and 12 metal salts were used: Cu2+, Ag+, Au3+, Fe3+, Co2+, Hg2+, Cr3+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, (HAuCl4 x 3 H2O). The results showed selective Cu2+ extraction using the pDo5 compound and excellent extraction of Co2+, Ag+, Au3+ and Fe3+ cation using the pDo5R compound

Uptake of volatile solids and liquids in a porous Schiff base macrocycle

Predmet istraživanja ovog diplomskog rada je unos hlapljivih čvrstih i tekućih tvari u porozne makrocikličke Schiffove baze. U ovome radu opisana je sinteza i karakterizacija Schiffove baze (pDo5 = 1,6,20,25 – tetraaza – 2,5:8,9:17,18:21,24:27,28:36,37 – heksabenzo – 10,16,29,35-tetraoksa-ciklooktatriakonta-1,6,20,25 – tetraen). Dobiveni produkti okarakterizirani su FT-IR spektroskopijom i TGA analizom. Ispitana je adsorpcija lakohlapljivih krutina i tekućina; naftalena, kamfora, metanola, etanola, izopropanola, butanola i dekanola.The subject of this thesis is the uptake of volatile solids and liquids in a porous Schiff base macrocycle. This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of Schiff's base (pDo5 = 1,6,20,25 – tetraaza – 2,5:8,9:17,18:21,24:27,28:36,37 – hexbenzo – 10,16,29,35-tetraoxa-cyclooctatriakonta-1,6,20,25 – tetraen). The obtained products were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and TGA analysis. Adsorption of volatile solids and liquids was investigated; naphthalene, camphor, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol and decanol

Extraction of metal cations with porous oxo-aza macrocyclic compounds

Makrociklički spojevi definiraju se kao makromolekule cikličke strukture ili ciklički dio makromolekule. Ovi spojevi mogu se promatrati kao polidentatni ligandi čiji strukturni „okvir“ gradi minimalno 9 atoma od kojih je najmanje 3 potencijalno donorskih atoma. Za raširenost primjene makrocikličkih Schiffovih baza u ulozi liganda, zaslužna je jednostavna metoda sinteze. U ovome radu opisana je sinteza i karakterizacija Schiffove baze ( pDo5 = 1,6,20,25 – tetraaza – 2,5:8,9:17,18:21,24:27,28:36,37 – heksabenzo – 10,16,29,35-tetraoksa-ciklooktatriakonta-1,6,20,25 – tetraen ) i reducirana Schiffova baza pDo5R (1,6,20,25 – tetraaza – 2,5:8,9:17,18:21,24:27,28:36,37 – heksabenzo – 10,16,29,35-tetraoksa-ciklooktatriakonta). Dobiveni produkti okarakterizirani su FT-IR i NMR spektroskopijom te je ispitana ekstrakcija metalnih kationa iz vodenih otopina. Provedena je ekstrakcija metalnih kationa, a korišteno je 12 metalnih soli: Cu2+, Ag+, Au3+, Fe3+, Co2+, Hg2+, Cr3+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, (HAuCl4 x 3 H2O). Rezultati su pokazali selektivnu ekstrakciju Cu2+ korištenjem pDo5 spoja te izvrsnu ekstrakciju Co2+, Ag+, Au3+ i Fe3+ kationa pomoću spoja pDo5R.Macrocyclic compounds are defined as macromolecules with cyclic structure or the cyclic part of the macromolecule. These compounds can also be considered as polydentate ligands whose structural frame is built from minimally 9 atoms, of which at least 3 are potentially donor atoms. The widespread use of macrocyclic Schiff bases in a role of a ligand is due to a simple synthesis method. This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of Schiff's base (pDo5 = 1,6,20,25 – tetraaza – 2,5:8,9:17,18:21,24:27,28:36,37 – heksabenzo – 10,16,29,35-tetraoksa-ciklooktatriakonta-1,6,20,25 – tetraen) and reduced Schiff base pDo5R (1,6,20,25 – tetraaza – 2,5:8,9:17,18:21,24:27,28:36,37 – heksabenzo – 10,16,29,35-tetraoksa-ciklooktatriakonta). The obtained products were characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy and the extraction of metal cations from aqueous solutions was investigated. The extraction of metal cations was carried out, and 12 metal salts were used: Cu2+, Ag+, Au3+, Fe3+, Co2+, Hg2+, Cr3+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, (HAuCl4 x 3 H2O). The results showed selective Cu2+ extraction using the pDo5 compound and excellent extraction of Co2+, Ag+, Au3+ and Fe3+ cation using the pDo5R compound

Organometallic compounds of d-block elements

Organski spojevi koji posjeduju minimalno jednu kovalentnu vezu između atoma ugljika i atoma metala klasificiraju se kao organometalni spojevi. Metal u metalnim karbonilima istog koordinacijskog broja poput oksidacijskog stanja podliježe 18 – elektronskom pravilu. U slučaju istih orbitalnih karekteristika dva fragmenta klastera definiraju se kao izolobalna. Primjena izolobalnog odnosa uzmeđu klastera na Wade-ovo pravilo omogućava njegovu primjenu pri brojanju elektrona jednostavnih organometalnih spojeva. Mingosovo pravilo nalazi primjenu pri brojanju ukupnog broja valentnih elektrona polinuklearnih organometalnih spojeva u slučaju kada se Wade-ovim pravilom isti ne mogu strukturno opisati. Najvažnije organometalne reakcije su β-hidrogen eliminacija, α-hidrogen apstrakcija, supstitucija CO ligand, migracija vodika i alkila te oksidativna adicija.Organic compounds that have at least one covalent bond between carbon atoms and metal atoms are classified as organometallic compounds. Metal in metal carbonyls of the same coordination number as oxidation state is subject to an 18- electron rule. In the case od the same orbital characteristics, 2 cluster fragments are defined as isolobal. The application of the isolobal relationship between clusters to the Wade rule allows it to be applied in the case of counting electrons of simple organometallic compounds. The Mingos rule finds application in counting the total number of valent electrons of polynuclear organometallic compounds when the Wade rule can not structurally describe them. The most important organometall reactions are: β-hydrogen elimination, α-hydrogen abstraction, CO ligand substitution, hydrogen and alkyl migration and oxidative addition

Uptake of volatile solids and liquids in a porous Schiff base macrocycle

Predmet istraživanja ovog diplomskog rada je unos hlapljivih čvrstih i tekućih tvari u porozne makrocikličke Schiffove baze. U ovome radu opisana je sinteza i karakterizacija Schiffove baze (pDo5 = 1,6,20,25 – tetraaza – 2,5:8,9:17,18:21,24:27,28:36,37 – heksabenzo – 10,16,29,35-tetraoksa-ciklooktatriakonta-1,6,20,25 – tetraen). Dobiveni produkti okarakterizirani su FT-IR spektroskopijom i TGA analizom. Ispitana je adsorpcija lakohlapljivih krutina i tekućina; naftalena, kamfora, metanola, etanola, izopropanola, butanola i dekanola.The subject of this thesis is the uptake of volatile solids and liquids in a porous Schiff base macrocycle. This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of Schiff's base (pDo5 = 1,6,20,25 – tetraaza – 2,5:8,9:17,18:21,24:27,28:36,37 – hexbenzo – 10,16,29,35-tetraoxa-cyclooctatriakonta-1,6,20,25 – tetraen). The obtained products were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and TGA analysis. Adsorption of volatile solids and liquids was investigated; naphthalene, camphor, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol and decanol

Ružička days : International conference 19th Ružička Days “Today Science – Tomorrow Industry” : Proceedings

Dear colleagues, we are extremely honoured to present to you the Proceedings of the international conference 19th Ružička Days, which was successfully held on September 21–23, 2022, in Vukovar, Croatia, in the hometown town of our famous Croatian scientist and first Nobel laureate, professor Leopold (Lavoslav) Ružička. The main goals of the Conference were to promote excellence, originality and innovation of interdisciplinary scientific research as well as the practical application of the obtained results through collaboration with industry, emphasizing thus the recognizable slogan of the Ružička Days conference: "Today Science – Tomorrow Industry". In addition, the Conference gave the opportunity for meetings, exchanging the ideas, opinions, experiences and cooperation among participants from different working surroundings. It is also important to point out that since 2008, within the international conference Ružička Days, Meeting of Young Chemists has also been held, where high school students, with the help of their mentors, present papers in the field of chemistry, with the aim to direct students and young people to the technical and natural sciences, especially chemistry. In its seventh issue (2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019, 2021) the Proceedings publishes scientific and professional full papers of high quality in the following sections: Chemical analysis and synthesis (10), Chemical and biochemical engineering (3), Food technology and biotechnology (4), Chemistry in agriculture and forestry (1), Environmental protection (9) and 8th Meeting of Young Chemists (3). Full-length papers were subjected to an international review procedure done by eminent experts from the corresponding fields, to whom we express our gratitude, but they were not subjected to linguistic proofreading. On behalf of the Scientific and Organizing Committee of the 19th Ružička Days we cordially thank all the authors, reviewers, participants, lecturers, organizers, especially the international organizers EuCheMS and EHEDG, auspices and sponsors, and all the others who, in any way, supported the Conference and contributed to the preparation of the Proceedings, especially to our highly skilled and committed associates, who have put a lot of effort in the preparation of these Proceedings. At the very end, special thanks to our young, future scientists and their mentors who are faithful participants of the Meeting of Young Chemists of the Ružička Days conference. Enjoy the extremely interesting scientific and professional papers contained in these Proceedings, until the next 20th jubilee of Ružička Days in 2024! We are looking forward to meeting you again in Vukovar! Yours sincerely, Chief Editors Jurislav Babić Vesna Ocelić Bulatović Dajana Kučić Grgi