Spectroscopic studies of the quality of WCO (Waste Cooking Oil) fatty acid methyl esters

Different kinds of biodiesel fuels become more and more attractive form of fuel due to their unique characteristics such as: biodegradability, replenishability, and what is more a very low level of toxicity in terms of using them as a fuel. The test on the quality of diesel fuel is becoming a very important issue mainly due to the fact that its high quality may play an important role in the process of commercialization and admitting it on the market. The most popular techniques among the wellknown are: molecular spectroscopy and molecular chromatography (especially the spectroscopy of the electron absorption and primarily the infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)).The issue presents a part of the results obtained with the use of spectroscopy of the electron absorption and in majority infrared spectroscopy FTIR selected for testing samples of the acid fats WCO (Waste Cooking Oil) types. The samples were obtained using laboratory methods from sunflower oil and additionally from waste animal fats delivered from slaughterhouses. Acid methyl esters were selected as references to present the samples. In order to facilitate the spectroscopic analysis, free glycerol, methanol, esters and methyl linolenic acid were measure

Spectroscopic studies of the quality of WCO (Waste Cooking Oil) fatty acid methyl esters

Different kinds of biodiesel fuels become more and more attractive form of fuel due to their unique characteristics such as: biodegradability, replenishability, and what is more a very low level of toxicity in terms of using them as a fuel. The test on the quality of diesel fuel is becoming a very important issue mainly due to the fact that its high quality may play an important role in the process of commercialization and admitting it on the market. The most popular techniques among the wellknown are: molecular spectroscopy and molecular chromatography (especially the spectroscopy of the electron absorption and primarily the infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)).The issue presents a part of the results obtained with the use of spectroscopy of the electron absorption and in majority infrared spectroscopy FTIR selected for testing samples of the acid fats WCO (Waste Cooking Oil) types. The samples were obtained using laboratory methods from sunflower oil and additionally from waste animal fats delivered from slaughterhouses. Acid methyl esters were selected as references to present the samples. In order to facilitate the spectroscopic analysis, free glycerol, methanol, esters and methyl linolenic acid were measure

Być zdolnym – wspierać zdolnych

Praca recenzowana / peer-reviewed paperByć zdolnym – wspierać zdolnych to książka szczególna. Zawiera teksty napisane przez nauczycieli – uczestników studiów podyplomowych Praca z uczniem zdolnym. Stanowią oni pierwszą grupę specjalistów w zakresie rozpoznawania, opieki i wspierania uczniów zdolnych w województwie świętokrzyskim. Takie kadry są szczególnie potrzebne wobec zmian w systemie pracy ze zdolnymi, wdrażanych w szkołach i placówkach od roku szkolnego 2011/2012. Studia były realizowane w ramach projektu Benild – Doskonalenie Świętokrzyskich Kadr Oświaty, współfinansowanego ze środków Unii Europejskiej w ramach Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego, na Uniwersytecie Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach. Celem studiów było nabywanie przez nauczycieli kompetencji w obszarze identyfikacji i wspierania uczniów zdolnych