Focused Ultrasound Lipolysis in the Treatment of Abdominal Cellulite: An Open-Label Study

 Introduction: Despite a growing popularity of noninvasive ultrasonic lipolysis procedure, there is a lack of evidence about the efficacy of this method. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of focused ultrasonic lipolysis on abdominal cellulite treatment.Methods: Twenty-eight consecutive subjects (age: 37.8 ± 8 years) underwent weekly transdermal focused ultrasonic lipolysis (Med Contour, General Project Ltd., Florence, Italy) and vacuum drainage for a maximum of eight sessions. Largest abdominal girth and 2 lines at 4 cm to 7 cm distance above and under it were located as fixed points of measurements. The mean value of the three fixed lines was considered as the abdominal circumference. Subjects were evaluated using measurements of circumference, immediately after and 3 weeks after the final treatment and compared using paired t test.Results: One hundred ninety-four ultrasonic lipolysis procedures were performed on 28 subjects. A statistically significant (P < .001) average of 1.89 cm (95% CI: 1.63-2.02 cm) decrease of circumference value was observed in each session of ultrasonic lipolysis. The mean pretreatment to posttreatment circumference reduction was 8.21 cm (95% CI: 6.38-10.04, P < .001) that declined to 7 cm (95% CI: 3.2-10.8, P < .001) at the 3-month follow-up visit. Conclusion: Focused ultrasonic lipolysis appears to be an effective method for reduction of abdominal cellulite, although some amount of circumference reduction reversal may be observed in long term follow-up visit

The Efficacy of IPL in Periorbital Skin Rejuvenation: An Open-Label Study

Introduction: Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) is one of the effective methods used to treat the signs of facial aging. However, its efficacy in improving the appearance of periorbital wrinkles has always been evaluated in the context of whole-face rejuvenation and not studied in its own right. Therefore, in this study we sought to examine the effectiveness and side effects of IPL in periorbital skin rejuvenation.Methods: In this uncontrolled, open-label clinical trial, 38 patients referred to the Behrooz professional skin clinic for signs of periorbital skin aging were recruited. Patients underwent three treatment sessions with IPL, at one-month intervals, and were evaluated for treatment side effects after each session. Six months after the final IPL session, patients were examined to assess the level of symptom improvement. Patients were photographed at each treatment session and at the six-month follow-up visit. Before and after patient images were evaluated by two dermatologists unaffiliated with the study to determine the extent of improvement in the appearance of wrinkles and skin texture.Results: Six months post-treatment, excellent improvement was observed in 3 patients (9.1%), considerable improvement in 7 patients (21.2%), moderate improvement in 9 patients (27.3%), mild improvement in 9 patients (27.3%) and finally little or no improvement was observed in 5 patients (15.1%). Comparison of improvement scores based on Fitzpatrick skin phenotype did not show significant differences (p=0.674). 4 patients (12.1%) were dissatisfied with the treatment whilst 17 patients (51.5%) reported moderate to considerable satisfaction with IPL rejuvenation.Conclusion: During whole face rejuvenation, IPL can be used to improve periorbital skin aging.

Assessment of the SRC Inhibition Role in the Efficacy of Breast Cancer Radiotherapy

Introduction: Exposure to the artificial light at night (LAN) effect human health and causes several functional modification in body. Obesity, diabetes, and hormonal changes are reported after LAN in humans. Aim of this study is highlighting critical features of gene expression changes in liver of rats which are received autonomic nervous system.Methods: Up-regulated proteins of irradiated MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by a single and fractioned 10 Gray (Gy) 137Cs γ-radiation were analyzed by ptotein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis by Cytoscape software via STRING database. The network were analyzed by using Network analyzer to characterized the central genes. Action map was mapped for the queried genes and the added neighbors. via CluePedia-STRING ACTIONS-v10.5- 20.11.2017.Results: The 14 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) plus 10 neighbors were interacted to construct a network. Among the 14 queried DEPs FN1, CSPG4, LRP1, GSN, RTN4, and CTSD were highlighted as a complex set in analysis.  Analysis revealed that SRC as an added neighbor were activated by the critical DEPs. Activation of the other oncogene as like AKT1 also were determined.Conclusion: The results indicate that the inhibition of SRC activity or the inhibition of its activators is a useful function of breast cancer RT.

Systematic Modeling of Drug P-Glycoprotein Interactions via Combined Docking/QM Approach

Introduction: The overexpression of P-gp in cancer tumor cells results in increased efflux of chemotherapeutic compounds. This phenomenon leads to the wide-spectrum resistance of cancer cells to variant drugs or multi drug resistance (MDR). Regarding the important biological role of P-gp with regard to cancer therapy, in silico analysis of binding affinity/mode of diverse anticancer drugs toward P-gp may be an active area of research since it provides more insight into the binding interactions and key amino acid residues that were involved. Methods and Results: Ligand-flexible docking studies were performed using the molecular docking software, AutoDock 4.2. To elucidate the interactions of selected anticancer drugs, all the related structures were docked into the active site of validated P-gp target (4XWK). Quantum mechanical calculations were applied to intermolecular binding energy analysis in terms of drug-residue binding interactions via functional B3LYP in association with split valence basis set using polarization functions (Def2-SVP). Mitomycin was found to be the weakest binder with -7.29 kcal/mol energy. Bisantrene was the top-ranked binder (-10.59 kcal/mol) with H-bond and lipophilic interaction patterns. To explain more, Asn838 participated in bidentate H-bonding with nitrogen atom of imidazole ring. Another H-bond interaction was detected in the case of Ser725 within the same ring but different nitrogen atom of the drug molecule. Besides hydrogen bonding, it was revealed that 12 hydrophobic residues interacted with Bisantrene. Within the evaluated drugs, unlike Epothilone E and F, no H-bonds could be detected for Epothilone A, B, C & D. Such observation was pertained to the presence of hydroxymethyl moiety on the thiazole ring of Epothilone E and F which provided well-oriented H-bonds with Ala307. Despite observed interactive residues, lower binding affinity of Epothilone F persuaded us to run QM job in terms of drug-residue binding interactions. It was interestingly concluded that a few residues made repulsive forces with the drug, a result that might explain lower affinity of this molecule toward P-gp. Conclusions: Collective in silico exploration of a few anticancer drugs provided some insights into the binding mode toward P-gp as an interfering target in chemotherapeutic strategies. On the basis of obtained results, structure binding relationship pattern for studied anticancer drugs were developed

The Impact of Proteomic Investigations on the Development and Improvement of Skin Laser Therapy: A review article

Introduction: Different molecular approaches have contributed to find various response of skin to external and internal tensions such as laser irradiation and many important mediators of skin disease have been identified through these approaches. However different essential signals of skin biomarker pathways and proteins partially detected or completely unknown. In the present study impact of proteomics in the evaluation of laser therapy of skin is investigated.Methods: Keywords of “Proteomics”, Laser therapy”, “Skin”, and “Skin disease” searched in Google Scholar, Scopus and PubMed search engines. After screening, 53 documents were included in the study.Results: Global assessments revealed that different proteins in different signaling pathways of skin metabolism in terms of health or illness after laser therapy are expressed differentially. Results indicated that application of proteomics is a useful method to promote the results of laser interventions.Conclusion: This kind of researches deals with practical proteomics of skin and could supply an essential skip to understand skin diseases to develop more suitable therapeutic achievements in laser application

Cut-off Value for Stenosis Ratio and Zung Depression Scale in Successful Prediction of Posterior Spinal Fusion surgery

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate effect of some clinical attributes in prediction of satisfaction with posterior spinal fusion (PSF) surgery in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS) and determine a cut-off point for these attributes.Methods: The attributes such as stenosis ratio (SR) values (described by Lurencin), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA), The Zung depression scale (ZDS), duration of symptoms (in months), were investigated for 329 patients with LSCS and 151 patients with LDH separately. Patient satisfaction was recorded based on the international standard questionnaire Swiss Spinal Stenosis Score (SSS). The sensitivity and specificity values and the optimal cut-off points were calculated for SR, JOA, ZDS and duration of symptoms using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.Results: One hundred fifty-one patients with LDH (39 male, 112 female; mean age 50.24 ± 9.21 years) and 329 patients with LSCS (111 male, 218 female; mean age 53.28 ±7.81 years) were followed–up for 6 months. Post-surgical satisfaction was 73.86% in patients with LSCS and 85.43% in patients with LDH. The cut-off point of SR for prediction of besting surgical outcome was estimated more than 0.46 with asymptotic significance less than 0.05, 60% sensitivity and 75% specificity in LSCS patients (AUC-0.705, 95% CI, 0.644–0.766; P < 0.001).Conclusion: The findings show that the SR with a cut off value of 0.46 cross sectional area, in patients with LSCS may be superior to JOA, duration of symptoms and ZDS for prediction of satisfaction with PSF surgery

A Comparative Study of 660 nm Low-Level Laser and Light Emitted Diode in Proliferative Effects of Fibroblast Cells

Background: In recent years the use of low-power lasers has been widely used in medicine. With the introduction of affordable LED light, clinical application of LED light has become more and more popular. However, some researchers believe that because of the lack of coherence of the LED light, it can be different   in biological effects in comparison to laser. In this study, we compared the biological effects of low level laser to those of LED light. Methods: Human skin fibroblast cell line Hu02 was irradiated with low level laser and LED light with a wavelength of 660 nm, power output of 35 mW and in continuous mode and the control group was not irradiated.  The biological effects were compared through the analyzing of cell proliferation, production of reactive oxygen species within the cell and the rate of cell division.Results: Our findings showed that production of reactive oxygen species within the cell was linearly increased both in the LED and laser light irradiated cells. However, laser light is more increment in comparison the LED light. The MTT results showed that laser light at low energy density (less than 5 joules per square centimeter) was increased the rate of cell proliferation after 24 hours. Although, the rate of cell division was increased in energy density of 1 J/cm2 compared to the control group, but this increasing was not statistically significant.Discussion: The findings indicated that the coherence properties of laser light provided more energy for the cells, and in a constant energy density, laser light created more oxidative stresses in compared with LED light.

Effect of the Fractional CO2 Laser on the Quality of Life, General Health, and Genitourinary Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women With Vaginal Atrophy: A Prospective Cohort

Introduction: After menopause women experience vaginal atrophy related to hormonal changes and estrogen deficiency. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the effect of the fractional CO2 laser on the quality of life, vaginal atrophy symptoms, and urine incontinency in menopause women.Methods: This prospective study was conducted among 140 women from 2017 to 2018 in Yas hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. They encountered the fractional microablative CO2 laser system three times at four-week intervals. The short form of the Health Questionnaire (SF-12) and the Female Sexual Functional Index (FSFI) questionnaire were utilized to assess the participants’ quality of life. Also, the standard measuring tools including the vaginal health index (VHI) and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) Form were used to evaluate the vaginal atrophy symptoms.Results: The quality of life improved significantly in somatic, social function, and mental health. In the sexual context, arousal and satisfaction status improved significantly. Also, the frequency of urinary incontinence, enuresis, urgency, and the leak improved significantly (P < 0.05). Among the scale variables for urinary function, it was seen that the urgency impact had no improvement. All vaginal indices improved (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The fractional CO2 laser can be effective in treating vaginal atrophy and urinary symptoms. Besides, it improved the quality of life and the sexual function o

Laser Therapy for Peyronie’s Disease: A Randomized Control Double-Blind Pilot Study

Introduction: The management of Peyronie’s disease (PD) has remained a therapeutic dilemma for physicians and there is no gold standard treatment. In this paper, we decided to investigate the beneficial effect of the intralesional administration of verapamil compared with the intralesional administration of verapamil plus a low-intensity laser (LIL).Methods: Research was activated from May 2016 to May 2018 and a total of 38 men aged 18 years and older completed the investigation. The subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group 1 was composed of 22 patients that were treated only by verapamil (5 mg) plus a sham laser weekly for 6 weeks, and group 2 consisted of 22 patients that received a laser, using the BTL – 6000 HIGH-INTENSITY LASER 12 W machine and the same protocol of intralesional verapamil injection. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate pain during an erection, penile ultrasonography was used to measure plaque size, the penile curvature angle degree was measured using the photographs taken during an erection, and the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire was used to assess erectile function. The follow-up treatment lasted for nine months, with visits performed in the 3rd and 9th months.Results: All study parameters decreased significantly after treatment in both arms, but the reduction in pain and penile curvature improvements in combination therapy revealed more significant changes in 3 months (p = .035, p=.032). Nevertheless, these improvements were not seen in the follow-up session after 9 months.Conclusion: A laser appears to be safe treatment modality in carefully-selected patients with PD. It has moderate efficacy in the short term