The Relationship between Leadership Style and Job Satisfaction: a study on health care networks staff in Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2011

Background: Selection of an appropriate leadership style coordinated with external motivation can improve job performance, job promotion and job satisfaction and consequently lead to achieving both individual and organizational goals. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between leadership style and job satisfaction of staff working in Health Care Networks in Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Methods: The study population of this cross-sectional study was 874 managers and staff of Kerman health care networks. The sample included 21 mangers and 853 staff. Data gathering tools were job satisfaction and leadership style standard questionnaires. Data analysis was performed through SPSS16 and using Chi-square and ANOVA tests. Results: According to the obtained results, most managers used the combined relation and task-oriented leadership style and job satisfaction of the majority of staff was moderate. Mean job satisfaction score was higher in people-oriented leadership style compared to integrated and task-oriented styles. There was a significant relationship between leadership style and job satisfaction. Conclusion: According to the results, there is a meaningful relationship between job satisfaction and leadership style in Kerman University of Medical Sciences and people-oriented leadership style leads to higher job satisfaction. Keywords: Management style, Job satisfaction, Health Care Networks, Kerman, Ir

Protective Effects of Withania somnifera Root on Inflammatory Markers and Insulin Resistance in Fructose-Fed Rats

Background: We investigated the effects of Withania somnifera root (WS) on insulin resistance, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in fructose-fed rats. Methods: Forty-eight Wistar-Albino male rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=12); Group I as control, Group II as sham-treated with WS by 62.5mg/g per diet, Group III fructose-fed rats received 10%W/V fructose, and Group IV fructose- and WS-fed rats. After eight weeks blood samples were collected to measure glucose, insulin, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in sera. Results: Blood glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-R), IL-6, and TNF-α levels were all significantly greater in the fructose-fed rats than in the controls. Treatment with WS significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the fructose-induced increases in glucose, insulin, HOMA-R, IL-6, and TNF-α. Conclusion: Our data suggest that WS normalizes hyperglycemia in fructose-fed rats by reducing inflammatory markers and improving insulin sensitivity

Study of Quality of Life, Depression, and Daily Routines in Rural Elders in Birjand City, Iran, in 2013

Objectives: With scientific advances taking place in the medical field and increased life expectancy in&nbsp;modern societies, significant growth in the elderly population of our country has been observed in recent&nbsp;years. Elderly people encounter different risks compared to other age groups. In this study, quality&nbsp;of life, depression, and daily routines of rural elders living in Birjand City, Iran were evaluated in 2013. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted on 360 rural&nbsp;elders living in Birjand, Iran. Data collection tools were the World Health Organization quality of life&nbsp;26-item questionnaire, 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS), 6-item activities of daily living questionnaire&nbsp;(ADL), and 7-item instrumental activities of daily living questionnaire (IADL). Data were analyzed&nbsp;using SPSS ver. 19 and values of P&le;0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean and standard deviation quality of life scores was 77.9&plusmn;10.4. The mean and standard&nbsp;deviation of depression scores was 5.5&plusmn;2.9. The mean and standard deviation of ADL was 6.5&plusmn;1.5, and&nbsp;the mean and standard deviation IADL was 12&plusmn;3. Significant differences were observed between demographic&nbsp;physical activities, education, marital status, depression, ADL, IADL, and quality of life (P&le;0.05).&nbsp;A significant strong inverse relationship (r=-0.56) between QOL and depression and a significant inverse&nbsp;relationship between ADL (r=-0.32) and IADL (r=-0.39) and QOL was observed. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that activities of daily living increases quality of life and&nbsp;reduces depression. According to these results, the health care system authorities should not only plan&nbsp;to increase awareness of the benefits of activities of daily living in old ages, but also provide appropriate&nbsp;environment and programs for the elderly activities in our country.&nbsp

Prompt cytomolecular identification of chromosome aberration in irradiated blood cells

Background: understanding the genomic alteration induced by ionizing radiation still remains to be a methodological challenge in genetic field. The energy released from this type of radiation can potentially causes structural and numerical alterations in lymphocytes, which in turn converts them into abnormal tumor cells. Chromosomal abnormalities associated with specific type of hematological malignancies are determinant factors in evaluation of radiation dose and its potential in harming the body. None the less early detection of chromosomal aberration (CA) is crucial in prognosis and selection of therapy for the people exposed to irradiations. The aim of this study was to explore a swift and accurate genetic test that identifies CAs in radiologist exposed to X-rays. In addition synergistic effect of other clastogens in irradiated workers was also evaluated. Material and methods: thirty four heparinized blood samples were obtained from radiology workers exposed to X-rays. Blood samples were cultured in RPMI 1640 and F-10 Medias with and without PHA stimulation. Lymphocytes were harvested, separated and arrested at metaphase and their chromosomes were analyzed by solid and G-Banding techniques. Lymphocytic CA was also analyzed through whole chromosome painting FISH. Results: of the 37 blood sample from workers, 60% had various structural aberrations in which both the frequency and type of CAs were intensified among tobacco smokers. Conclusion: the results did not show any significant differences between the genders but other carcinogen like smoking can significantly increases the rate of CA

DataSheet1_Study of tyramine-binding mechanism and insecticidal activity of oil extracted from Eucalyptus against Sitophilus oryzae.docx

Graphical Abstract</p

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Challenges and Opportunities

Regenerative capacity of mammals is limited and can rarely regenerate a specific organ or tissue fully. Due to these limitations, regenerative medicine seeks efficient and safe cell sources for regeneration of damaged tissues and organs or treatment for incurable diseases. Human embryonic stem cells (HESCs) hold two important properties called self renewal and pluripotency. However, the use of embryonic pluripotent stem cells in cell therapy faces two major obstacles. First, immunological incompatibility of ES cells with the recipient, and the second, ethical concerns about the destruction of human embryos during the ES cells. Thus, induction of somatic cells of individuals can be a proper way to overcome these problems. So far, several methods have been utilized to induce Pluripotency in Somatic cells. One of these methods is the technology of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) in contribution with Pluripotency factors. Yet, the use of these cells in the clinic, owing to application of viral vectors to transfer Pluripotency inducing factors, is quite limited. Therefore, recognition of a combination of small molecules to be replaced with exogenous factors is the ultimate goal of the study for the purpose of generating iPS cells. Recent progresses in development of iPS cells will be discussed here.   Keywords: IPS, Plupotency, Repair, Regeneration, Stem Cell