Anodic oxidation of sodium-O-cyclohexylphosphonite

The research data on the anodic oxidation of sodium salt of cyclohexyl ester of hypophosphorous acid on a Pt electrode are shown. The molecule of this salt has two electroactive centers: phosphoryl (PONa) and phosphine (P-H). © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

The Linguistic Personality from the Viewpoint of Hermeneutics and Phenomenology: Problem Statement

The article, which consists of 5 parts, is devoted to the problem of connection between linguistic personology, on the one hand, and hermeneutics and phenomenology, on the other hand. This viewpoint is contrary to the generally accepted view of most scientists, which displays the relationship of this discipline with the philosophy of personalism. The article's introduction provides a brief description of the problem field of linguistic personality theory. This discipline was finally formed in Russia in the 1980s. The next two sections are devoted to the analysis of theoretical studies. The theoretical material substantiates the potential existence of an invariant organization of understanding, which largely coincides with the three-level model of linguistic personality in the conception by Yu.N. Karaulov. The connection of hermeneutics and phenomenology paradigms in the studied linguistic discipline is determined by many reasons, including historical and methodological ones. The results of a number of comparisons refute the possibility of referring to the linguistic personality theory as a "linguistic personology" because its terminology and investigative procedures are represented in more ancient philosophical systems closely related to philological sciences. Due to the fact that the text is understood as a folded author's activity fundamentally amenable to its unfolding, the researcher should focus on functional transitions, shifts, displayed by language resources. As an empirical application of the approach the author describes interpretation of quotations from the Holy Book in the I.A. Khvorostinin's short novel Slovesa dney i tsarey i svyatiteley Moskovskikh ezge est v Rossii ('Words of Days, Tsars and Saint Bishops of Moscow, Russia') as a series of specific steps aimed at disclosing semantic connection with extralinguistic reality. Besides, the author differentiates the author's individual interpretation of the sign and the author's individual interpretation of historical events. The author notes a potential alternativeness of hermeneutics and phenomenology to developments in the field of cognitive linguistics, and their application in the study of the texts of the first half of the 17th century allows to show the verbal behavior of native speakers in the conditions of social and cultural crisis of the Time of Troubles

Henry F. Johnson, Professor of Law (1981-2008), St. Mary’s University School of Law

As a way to deal with his loss, this eulogy honors Henry Johnson (1942-2008) by focusing on ten good things about him. As a former English teacher, he valued clarity and precision, which reflects another good thing about Henry: the importance of strong organization. His zest for travel enabled him to share voluminous details about countless countries around the world, including where the best restaurants and wineries were. No description would be complete without emphasizing his love for golf, but the most important thing about Henry was the way he cared for his family, friends, and animals

Initiation of homolytic addition to alkenes by means of organophosphorus radical-cations

An experiment is conducted which shows that the electrochemically generated radical-cations (RC) of organophosphorus compounds can react with substances possessing a weak element-hydrogen bond via a mechanism of homolytic abstraction of the hydrogen atom. A new method of electrochemical initiation of chain radical addition of thiols, dialkylthiophosphites and dialkylphosphites to alkenes is proposed which is based on these phenomena

Effect of electrolysis conditions on the process of anodic oxidation of tertiary phosphines in the presence of camphene

Anodic oxidation of tertiary phosphines (Et 3P, Pr 3P, Bu 3P, i-Bu 3P and Am 3P) in the presence of camphene and heterogenic base (trisodium phosphate) on platinum anode in acetonitrile solution of sodium perchlorate was studied. It is established that trialkylphosphine radical cations react with camphene to give two types of products: Camphenylphosphonium salts formed by elimination of proton, and phosphiniminoterpenylphosphonium salts which are obtained due to the rearrangement of terpenyl skeleton. Conditions of electrosynthesis are found where the summary yield of terpenylphosphonium products increases. The effect of length and degree of branching of alkyl substituents in trialkylphosphines on the rate of the reaction of phosphine radical cations with camphene and starting phosphine is found. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2012

Reactions of trialkylphosphine radical cations with cycloalkenes

Electrochemical oxidation of tertiary aliphatic phosphines in the presence of cyclohexene or cyclopentene yields isomeric cycloalkenylphosphonium salts with different positions of the double bond in the cycloalkenyl substituent relative to the phosphonium group

Electrochemical Oxidation of Metal Dialkyl Phosphites and Their Reaction with Halogens

Electrochemical oxidation of sodium dialkyl phosphites with alkyl radicals of normal structure leads to formation of tetraalkyl pyrophosphites as the main products, while electrochemical oxidation of litium dialkyl phosphites and sodium salts with branched alkyl radicals yields tetraalkyl hypophosphates. The reaction of metal dialkyl phosphites with halogens leads to analogous results

Electrochemical oxidation of tertiary phosphines in the presence of camphene

Anodic oxidation of tertiary phosphines (tripropyl-, tributyl-, and triphenylphosphine) in the presence of a bicyclic alkene (camphene) on a platinum and a glassy carbon electrodes was studied. For the first time the voltammetric characteristics of the process of camphene anodic oxidation were obtained. The electrochemical reactions with alkyl and aromatic phosphine were found to be dissimilar. The results of preparative electrooxidation of trialkylphosphines showed that in the course of electrolysis the tertiary phosphine cation-radicals generated on the anode enter into two concurrent reactions: (1) with the parent phosphine to form eventually trialkylphosphonium salts and trialkylphosphine oxides presumably as complex compounds and (2) with camphene to form trialkylcamphenylphosphonium salts and probably phosphonium salts with a monocyclic substituent. Preparative electrochemical oxidation of triphenylphosphine in the presence of camphene affords almost exclusively either triphenylphosphine oxide (in the experiment with platinum anode) or the triphenylphosphine oxide complex with perchloric acid (at the electrolysis on a glassy carbon anode). © 2009 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Electrochemical and Catalytic Initiation of Triethyl Phosphite Addition to Cyclohexanone

Electrochemical oxidation of triethyl phosphite in the presence of cyclohexanone results in a mixture of three products: diethyl(1-ethoxycyclohexyl)phosphonate, diethyl phosphonate, and 2-(1-cyclohexenyl)cylcyclohexanone. These products are formed through the stage on the anode synthesis of quasiphosphonium salts, which initiate addition of triethyl phosphite to cyclohexanone and condensation of cyclohexanone. The fact that quasiphosphonium salts catalyze addition of the phosphite to the ketone was proved by independent experiment

Radical Cations of Phosphorous Amides in Reactions with Alkenes

Electrochemical oxidation of diethyl diethylphosphoramidite and ethyl tetraethylphosphorodiamidite in the presence of alkenes results in formation of amido(1-alkenyl)- and amido(2-alkenyl)phosphonates. Under the same conditions, hexaethylphosphorous triamide forms a dodecaethylhexaaminodiphosphonium salt. Electrochemical oxidation of the above phosphoramidites and -diamidites in the presence of diethyl hydrogen phosphite or O,O-dibutyl hydrogen thiophosphite and an alkene involves addition of (RO)2P(O,S)H at the multiple bond and yields a different ratio of isomeric mono- and diamidoalkenylphosphonates