High Sensitivity SSR Based Sensor Used for Permittivity Measurement

The proposed compact sensor is based on a Split Square Resonator (SRR) to improve the detection. The dimensions of the SRR have been chosen to provide a mutual coupling with a high sensitivity. The material under test (MUT) is placed in the near-field region of the sensor. The design exhibits a high sensitivity of 58% as the relative permittivity of MUT’s changes from 1 to 10. the proposed sensor can also measure the permeability and losse

High Sensitivity SSR Based Sensor Used for Permittivity Measurement

The proposed compact sensor is based on a Split Square Resonator (SRR) to improve the detection. The dimensions of the SRR have been chosen to provide a mutual coupling with a high sensitivity. The material under test (MUT) is placed in the near-field region of the sensor. This design exhibits a high sensitivity close to 58% as the relative permittivity of MUT’s changes from 1 to 10. The proposed sensor can measure the permeability and losses

Electromagnetic modelling of Leaf Water Potential under Ultra-Wide Band Microwaves Sensing

Noninvasive sensor of plant that measure leaf concentration water is purposed. It is based on a microstrip structure where the loaded layer is represented by a mathematical model. The leaf is represented with the cellulose Cole-Debye model, that includes fresh water molecules which are simulated with different size to characterize the turgescence and plasmolysis behavior. The concept is validated and compared to Cole-Debye model for different situation of stress leaf, represented by an equivalent dielectric cell over the sensor

High Sensitivity SSR Based Sensor Used for Permittivity Measurement

The proposed compact sensor is based on a Split Square Resonator (SRR) to improve the detection. The dimensions of the SRR have been chosen to provide a mutual coupling with a high sensitivity. The material under test (MUT) is placed in the near-field region of the sensor. This design exhibits a high sensitivity close to 58% as the relative permittivity of MUT’s changes from 1 to 10. The proposed sensor can measure the permeability and losses

Electromagnetic modelling of Leaf Water Potential under Ultra-Wide Band Microwaves Sensing

Noninvasive sensor of plant that measure leaf concentration water is purposed. It is based on a microstrip structure where the loaded layer is represented by a mathematical model. The leaf is represented with the cellulose Cole-Debye model, that includes freshwater molecules which are simulated with different size to characterize the turgescence and plasmolysis behavior. The concept is validated and compared to Cole-Debye model for different situation of stress leaf, represented by an equivalent dielectric cell over the sensor

Electromagnetic modelling of Leaf Water Potential under Ultra-Wide Band Microwaves Sensing

Noninvasive microwave sensor of plant that measure leaf concentration water is purposed. It is based on a microstrip structure where the loaded layer is represented by a mathematical model. The leaf is represented with the cellulose Cole-Debye model, that includes freshwater molecules which are simulated with different size to characterize the turgescence and plasmolysis behavior. The concept is validated and compared to Cole-Debye model for different situation of stress leaf, represented by an equivalent dielectric cell over the sensor

The quality monitoring of paracetamol medicament using a noninvasive microwave sensor

International audienceEnvironmental conditions, including temperature, humidity, and light, can impact the quality of drugs. Microwave-based approaches offer a fast and cost-effective way to detect quality variations, providing an alternative to traditional techniques in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. This article proposes the use of a microwave sensor for monitoring the quality of pharmaceutical drugs at distinct temperature levels. A small planar sensor based on three hexagonal split ring resonators (TH-SRR) is fabricated. The design is manufactured on an FR-4 dielectric substrate. The sensor is tested on a 1000 mg paracetamol tablet, at temperatures ranging from 40 to 80 ∘ C. The Variation in the permittivity that characterizes product degradation is translated into a shift in the frequency of the scattering matrix elements. To validate the microwave approach, drug quality is examined with the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique, an optical emission laser used for both qualitative and quantitative investigations of elements contained in a sample. The existing elements are classified using the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) database and categorized according to their spectral line wavelengths. The experiments show the presence of optimal wavelength values for carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O) at 247.92 nm, 656.49 nm, 244.23 nm, and 777.48 nm, respectively. The microwave experimental results show a shift frequency of approximately 1 MHz on average when the tablet is heated at 80 ∘ C for 15 min. Meanwhile, the LIBS measurement shows a remarkable shift in terms of intensity of approximately 8884 and 812 for carbon and hydrogen, respectively. Understanding how paracetamol dries under high temperatures and improving the process settings of the microwave sensor are investigated and assessed in this work. © 2023, Springer Nature Limited

Intraurban Variability of PM10 and PM2.5 in an eastern Mediterranean city

International audienceThe results of the first large scale chemical characterization of PM10 and PM2.5 at three different sites in the urban city of Beirut, Lebanon, are presented. Between May 2009 and April 2010 a total of 304 PM10 and PM2.5 samples were collected by sampling every sixth day at three different sites in Beirut. Observed mass concentrations varied between 19.7 and 521.2 μg m− 3 for PM10 and between 8.4 and 72.2 μg m− 3 for PM2.5, respectively. Inorganic concentrations accounted for 29.7-35.6 μg m− 3 and 46.0-53.5 μg m− 3 of the total mass of PM10 and PM2.5, respectively. Intra-city temporal and spatial variations were assessed based on the study of three factors: correlation coefficients (R) for PM and chemical components, coefficient of divergence (CODs), and source apportionment using positive matrix factorization (PMF). Based on R and COD of PM concentrations, the three sites appear homogeneous. However, when individual elements were compared, heterogeneity among sites was found. This latter was attributed to the variability in the percent contribution of biogenic and local anthropogenic source factors such as traffic related sources and dust resuspension. Other factors included the proximity to the Mediterranean sea, the population density and the topographical structure of the city. Hence, despite its small size (20.8 km2), one PM monitoring site does not reflect an accurate PM level in Beirut