Description Method of Outdoor Climate Characteristics Considering the Comprehensive Effect on Indoor Climate

What human and buildings perceived the environmental information is comprehensive information. However, existing indoor environment design methods are often simplified to single parameters for indoor and outdoor environmental prediction and indoor environment design. In order to describe the indoor climate characteristics of the comprehensive impact of outdoor climate, this study uses the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method to establish a multi-parameter integrated outdoor comprehensive environmental information description method based on the information-response theory. The outdoor climate feature description method is applied to the analysis of the amplitude and frequency characteristics of outdoor comprehensive information, which provides a research basis for further exploring the indoor and outdoor environmental response under the multi-parameters interaction

Study on multivariate regression model of indoor and outdoor particulate pollution in severe cold area of China

At present, the widespread existence of haze phenomenon has a serious impact on indoor air quality. Indoor particulate pollution has been paid more and more attention by the society. However, the correlation and diffusion mechanism of indoor and outdoor particulate matter are still controversial. In order to explore the correlation between indoor and outdoor particulate matter of different building types in heating season and non-heating season, the indoor and outdoor particulate concentrations and meteorological parameters of 110 stations in severe cold area of China were monitored by experiments. The analysis shows that indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, air velocity, wind direction and atmospheric pressure are the main factors affecting indoor and outdoor particulate concentration. And based on these factors, it can model the indoor predicted particulate concentrations by multivariate regression. It also shows a significant difference in the relationship between the concentration of particulate matter and factors of indoor and outdoor particulate matter. Therefore, this study provides a good premise for exploring the health risks and control measures of particulate matter

Characterization of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol and Its Induction of Oxidative Stress Response in Oral Keratinocytes.

In this study, we have generated and characterized Electronic Cigarette (EC) aerosols using a combination of advanced technologies. In the gas phase, the particle number concentration (PNC) of EC aerosols was found to be positively correlated with puff duration whereas the PNC and size distribution may vary with different flavors and nicotine strength. In the liquid phase (water or cell culture media), the size of EC nanoparticles appeared to be significantly larger than those in the gas phase, which might be due to aggregation of nanoparticles in the liquid phase. By using in vitro high-throughput cytotoxicity assays, we have demonstrated that EC aerosols significantly decrease intracellular levels of glutathione in NHOKs in a dose-dependent fashion resulting in cytotoxicity. These findings suggest that EC aerosols cause cytotoxicity to oral epithelial cells in vitro, and the underlying molecular mechanisms may be or at least partially due to oxidative stress induced by toxic substances (e.g., nanoparticles and chemicals) present in EC aerosols

Determination of dezocine in rabbit plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and its application

A sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method for determination of dezocine in rabbit plasma was developed and validated. After addition of diazepam as internal standard (IS), liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) was used for sample preparation, and chromatography involved Agilent SB-C18 column (2.1 mmx50 mm, 3.5 um) using 0.1 % formic acid in water and acetonitrile as a mobile phase with gradient elution. Detection involved positive ion mode electrospray ionization (ESI), and selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used for quantification of target fragment ions m/z 245.8 for dezocine and m/z 284.8 for diazepam (internal standard, IS). The assay was linear over the range of 5–500 ng/mL for dezocine, with a lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 5 ng/mL for dezocine. Intra- and inter-day precisions were less than 13 % and the accuracies were in the range of 93.1-105.2 % for dezocine. This developed method was successfully applied for the determination of dezocine in rabbit plasma for pharmacokinetic study.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Spatial Variation of PM_2.5 Indoors and Outdoors: Results from 261 Regulatory Monitors Compared to 14,000 Low-Cost Monitors in Three Western States over 4.7 Years

Spatial variation of indoor and outdoor PM2.5 within three states for a five-year period is studied using regulatory and low-cost PurpleAir monitors. Most of these data were collected in an earlier study (Wallace et al., 2022 Indoor Air 32:13105) investigating the relative contribution of indoor-generated and outdoor-infiltrated particles to indoor exposures. About 260 regulatory monitors and ~10,000 outdoor and ~4000 indoor PurpleAir monitors are included. Daily mean PM2.5 concentrations, correlations, and coefficients of divergence (COD) are calculated for pairs of monitors at distances ranging from 0 (collocated) to 200 km. We use a transparent and reproducible open algorithm that avoids the use of the proprietary algorithms provided by the manufacturer of the sensors in PurpleAir PA-I and PA-II monitors. The algorithm is available on the PurpleAir API website under the name “PM2.5_alt”. This algorithm is validated using several hundred pairs of regulatory and PurpleAir monitors separated by up to 0.5 km. The PM2.5 spatial variation outdoors is homogeneous with high correlations to at least 10 km, as shown by the COD index under 0.2. There is also a steady improvement in outdoor PM2.5 concentrations with increasing distance from the regulatory monitors. The spatial variation of indoor PM2.5 is not homogeneous even at distances < 100 m. There is good agreement between PurpleAir outdoor monitors located <100 m apart and collocated Federal Equivalent Methods (FEM)