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Assessing the effects of technological progress on energy efficiency in the construction industry: A case of China
Energy-saving technologies in buildings have received great attention from energy efficiency researchers in the construction sector. Traditional research tends to focus on the energy used during building operation and in construction materials production, but it usually neglects the energy consumed in the building construction process. Very few studies have explored the impacts of technological progress on energy efficiency in the construction industry. This paper presents a model of the building construction process based on Cobb-Douglas production function. The model estimates the effects of technological progress on energy efficiency with the objective to examine the role that technological progress plays in energy savings in China's construction industry. The modeling results indicated that technological progress improved energy efficiency by an average of 7.1% per year from 1997 to 2014. Furthermore, three main technological progress factors (the efficiency of machinery and equipment, the proportion change of the energy structure, and research and development investment) were selected to analyze their effects on energy efficiency improvement. These positive effects were verified, and results show the effects of first two factors are significant. Finally, recommendations for promoting energy efficiency in the construction industry are proposed
Earthquake source parameters of the 2009 Mw 7.8 Fiordland (New Zealand) earthquake from L-band InSAR observations
The 2009 MW7.8 Fiordland (New Zealand) earthquake is the largest to have occurred in New Zealand since the 1931 Mw 7.8 Hawkeâs Bay earthquake, 1 000 km to the northwest. In this paper two tracks of ALOS PALSAR interferograms (one ascending and one descending) are used to determine fault geometry and slip distribution of this large earthquake. Modeling the event as dislocation in an elastic half-space suggests that the earthquake resulted from slip on a SSW-NNE orientated thrust fault that is associated with the subduction between the Pacific and Australian Plates, with oblique displacement of up to 6.3 m. This finding is consistent with the preliminary studies undertaken by the USGS using seismic data
Nuclear Three-body Force Effect on a Kaon Condensate in Neutron Star Matter
We explore the effects of a microscopic nuclear three-body force on the
threshold baryon density for kaon condensation in chemical equilibrium neutron
star matter and on the composition of the kaon condensed phase in the framework
of the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach. Our results show that the nuclear
three-body force affects strongly the high-density behavior of nuclear symmetry
energy and consequently reduces considerably the critical density for kaon
condensation provided that the proton strangeness content is not very large.
The dependence of the threshold density on the symmetry energy becomes weaker
as the proton strangeness content increases. The kaon condensed phase of
neutron star matter turns out to be proton-rich instead of neutron-rich. The
three-body force has an important influence on the composition of the kaon
condensed phase. Inclusion of the three-body force contribution in the nuclear
symmetry energy results in a significant reduction of the proton and kaon
fractions in the kaon condensed phase which is more proton-rich in the case of
no three-body force. Our results are compared to other theoretical predictions
by adopting different models for the nuclear symmetry energy. The possible
implications of our results for the neutron star structure are also briefly
discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure
Electronic structure and superconductivity of BiS2-based compounds LaO1-xFxBiS2
Using the density-functional perturbation theory with structural
optimization, we investigate the electronic structure, phonon spectra, and
superconductivity of BiS2-based layered compounds LaO1-xFxBiS2. For
LaO0.5F0.5BiS2, the calculated electron-phonon coupling constant is equal to
lambda = 0.8, and obtained Tc = 9.1 K is very close to its experimental value,
indicating that it is a conventional electron-phonon superconductor
Corrections to the thermodynamics of Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole and the generalized uncertainty principle
We investigate the thermodynamics of Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole in
the context of the generalized uncertainty principle. The corrections to the
Hawking temperature, entropy and the heat capacity are obtained via the
modified Hamilton-Jacobi equation. These modifications show that the GUP
changes the evolution of Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole. Specially, the
GUP effect becomes susceptible when the radius or mass of black hole approach
to the order of Planck scale, it stops radiating and leads to black hole
remnant. Meanwhile, the Planck scale remnant can be confirmed through the
analysis of the heat capacity. Those phenomenons imply that the GUP may give a
way to solve the information paradox. Besides, we also investigate the
possibilities to observe the black hole at LHC, the results demonstrate that
the black hole can not be produced in the recent LHC.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
A survey on gain-scheduled control and filtering for parameter-varying systems
Copyright © 2014 Guoliang Wei et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.This paper presents an overview of the recent developments in the gain-scheduled control and filtering problems for the parameter-varying systems. First of all, we recall several important algorithms suitable for gain-scheduling method including gain-scheduled proportional-integral derivative (PID) control, H 2, H â and mixed H 2 / H â gain-scheduling methods as well as fuzzy gain-scheduling techniques. Secondly, various important parameter-varying system models are reviewed, for which gain-scheduled control and filtering issues are usually dealt with. In particular, in view of the randomly occurring phenomena with time-varying probability distributions, some results of our recent work based on the probability-dependent gain-scheduling methods are reviewed. Furthermore, some latest progress in this area is discussed. Finally, conclusions are drawn and several potential future research directions are outlined.The National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61074016, 61374039, 61304010, and 61329301; the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China under Grant BK20130766; the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning; the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University under Grant NCET-11-1051, the Leverhulme Trust of the U.K., the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany
Magnetic Moments of Pentaquarks
If the of and pentaquarks is really found to
be by future experiments, they will be accompanied by
partners in some models. It is reasonable to expect that
these states will also be discovered in the near future with
the current intensive experimental and theoretical efforts. We estimate
pentaquark magnetic moments using different models.Comment: 13 page
Hot Nuclear Matter Equation of State with a Three-body Force
The finite temperature Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach is extended by
introducing a microscopic three-body force. In the framework of the extended
model, the equation of state of hot asymmetric nuclear matter and its isospin
dependence have been investigated. The critical temperature of liquid-gas phase
transition for symmetric nuclear matter has been calculated and compared with
other predictions. It turns out that the three-body force gives a repulsive
contribution to the equation of state which is stronger at higher density and
as a consequence reduces the critical temperature of liquid-gas phase
transition. The calculated energy per nucleon of hot asymmetric nuclear matter
is shown to satisfy a simple quadratic dependence on asymmetric parameter
as in the zero-temperature case. The symmetry energy and its density
dependence have been obtained and discussed. Our results show that the
three-body force affects strongly the high-density behavior of the symmetry
energy and makes the symmetry energy more sensitive to the variation of
temperature. The temperature dependence and the isospin dependence of other
physical quantities, such as the proton and neutron single particle potentials
and effective masses are also studied. Due to the additional repulsion produced
by the three-body force contribution, the proton and neutron single particle
potentials are correspondingly enhanced as similar to the zero-temperature
case.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figure
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