Teeth Abnormalities in the Dog

Teeth abnormalities can be genetically induced by disturbances in the differentiation of the dental lamina and the tooth buds, and are relatively common in dogs, especially in purebred and line-bred dogs in which the genetic fault has been perpetuated. They are most common in small-breed dogs but occur in large breeds, too. The aim of our study was to investigate permanent tooth anomalies in dogs. In 627 dogs referred for dental treatment we observed the presence of hypodontia, impacted teeth, hyperdontia, supernumerary and hyponumerary roots, focal macrodontia, focal microdontia, gemination, concrescence, fusion, dilaceration and enamel pearls. Teeth anomalies were detected in 288 (45.93%) dogs of different skull shape. The most common anomalies in the observed population were dilaceration of the root with 99 (34.4%) third lower and upper incisors, fourth lower and upper premolars and first lower and upper molars involved and hypodontia with 93 (32.3%) first and second lower and upper premolars, and third lower molars involved. The proportion of an uncommon anomaly, such as fusion, was statistically significant (p < 0.01) for second lower and upper premolars 34 (11.8%) and lower and upper molars. 22 (7.6%) dogs had hyperodontia. The most affected teeth were the second lower and upper incisors. In 18 (6.3%) dogs we observed supernumerary roots. Hyponumerary roots, macro- and microdontia

Defence reaction in dental pulp after pulp capping and partial pulpectomy in dogs

The dental pulp was capped indirectly or directly, or partial vital pulpectomy was performed on the 12 functionally most important teeth of 24 beagle dogs. For pulp capping, calcium hydroxide was used, followed by zinc phosphate as a lining, and the preparation was restored with amalgam or composite material. Histological sections were prepared and examined for degree and type of pulp inflammation (hyperaemia, pulpitis, necrosis or gangrene). Degenerative changes of dental pulp (vacuolation, calcification, amyloid or hyaline changes) were also determined. For indirect pulp capping the width of predentine in crown and root dental pulp was measured, and for direct pulp capping and partial pulpectomy (vital pulpotomy) the width and quality of the dentinal bridge were graded. The radical method of partial vital pulpectomy of the coronal part of the dental pulp in dogs produced better quality and continuity of the dentinal bridge than the less radical method of direct pulp capping. This was particularly obvious in small single root teeth such as incisors

Measurement and Simulation of Hydro-Generator’s Asynchronous Operation

The extended testing of hydro-generator with Pelton turbine (rated 35 MVA) was performed on a generator whose lifespan expired and it was going to be replaced. This was the perfect opportunity to do some specific and uncommon testing. The complex testing plan was designed in order to enable recording of as much relevant data as possible (electrical, electromechanical, mechanical). Therefore, in some phases of testing, 29 to 44 quantities were measured simultaneously. Among the tests, there are short circuits with lowered voltage, bad synchronization at approximate angle of 15 degrees, asynchronous operation, generator overspeed and operation with short circuited field winding on one pole. The most interesting and the most critical operation during this testing is asynchronous operation of hydro-generator [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], which is also very dangerous for generator and drive equipment. During such operation synchronous generator operates at a speed unequal to rated speed. This slip causes increased damping winding currents, which increases the thermal stress of this winding beyond the designed level. This makes these tests very infrequent. Asynchronous operating was achieved by decreasing the excitation current. Complex mathematical model for computer simulation of hydro-generator’s asynchronous operation has been made, taking into consideration the magnetic saturation, damper winding and generator transformer’s influence. Results obtained by simulations have been compared to those obtained by measurements

Comparison of a generic and a rhinitis-specific quality-of-life (QOL) instrument in patients with house dust mite allergy: Relationship between the SF-36 and rhinitis QOL questionnaire

Background: Generic and disease-specific quality-of-life (QOL) questionnaires are commonly used in subjects with allergic rhinitis (AR). AR, however, is closely associated with other disorders such as bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis (AD). These co-morbid associations may have an effect on the inter-relation of generic and disease-specific QOL outcomes and the behaviour of this inter-relation in time. Objective: To unravel the inter-relationships between the outcome of a generic instrument (SF-36) and a disease-specific instrument (Rhinitis QOL Questionnaire (RQLQ)). Materials and methods: In the framework of a randomized clinical trial with respect to the efficacy of impermeable bedding covers in house dust mite (HDM) allergy, SF-36 and RQLQ were administered to 224 adults with AR and/or allergic asthma and/or AD at baseline and after 12 months of intervention. Regression analysis and canonical correlation were used to estimate overlap. Results: Overlap between SF-36 and RQLQ domains in terms of explained variance ranged from 6% to 56%. Canonical correlation yielded low coefficients (0.16-0.27). Moreover, both SF-36 and RQLQ s

Evaluation of impermeable covers for bedding in patients with allergic rhinitis

BACKGROUND: Encasing bedding in impermeable covers reduces exposure to house-dust mites, but the clinical benefit of this intervention as part of mite-avoidance measures for patients with allergic rhinitis is not known. We performed a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of one year of use of impermeable bedding covers in the bedrooms of patients with rhinitis who were sensitized to house-dust mites to determine the effects on the signs and symptoms of disease. METHODS: Three participating university medical centers enrolled 279 patients with allergic rhinitis who were randomly assigned to receive impermeable or non-impermeable (control) covers for their mattress, pillow, and duvet or blanket. At the start of the study, all participants received information on general allergen-avoidance measures. The severity of rhinitis was measured on a rhinitis-specific visual-analogue scale and by means of a daily symptom score and nasal allergen provocation testing. We also measured the concentrations of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p1) and D. farinae (Der f1) in dust from patients' mattresses, bedroom floors, and living-room floors at base line and after 12 months as a measure of the efficacy of the intervention. RESULTS: A total

AN EXAMPLE OF APPLYING ALGORITHM TO CREATE THE ACTUAL PQ DIAGRAM OF A HYDROGENERATOR

U radu je prikazana provedba metodologije određivanja korisničke pogonske karte na primjeru hidroagregata br. 3 u HE Vinodol. Kao predložak u pripremi podloga i sustavnom određivanju granica dopuštenog rada agregata poslužio je blok dijagram sa slike 15 u [1], koji na pregledan način ocrtava tijek provedbe pojedinih radnji potrebnih za tvorbu korisničke pogonske karte. Svi međukoraci su dokumentirani, a dobiveni rezultati prikazani tablično i grafički. Svaka od konačno određenih granica je ucrtana u korisničku pogonsku kartu promatranog agregata. S obzirom na složenost provedbe proračuna graničnih uvjeta koje nameću elektromagnetska i toplinska zbivanja u čeonom prostoru, u radu je na konkretnom primjeru iz prakse prikazana potpuno nova metodologija utvrđivanja graničnih vrijednosti uzdužne komponente magnetske indukcije, temeljeno na rezultatima mjerenja indukcije i pripadne nadtemperature u trajnom kapacitivnom radu generatora. Predložena metoda je primjenjiva za bilo koji sinkroni generator.The work describes the application of the methodology of defining the actual PQ diagram on the example of Hydrogenerator-turbine unit No. 3 at Vinodol Hydroelectric Power Plant. Used as a basis for preparing documents and determining the unit’s operating tolerances was a block diagram in Figure 15, contained in [1], which provides a clear survey of the sequence of steps required to create an actual PQ diagram. All intermediate steps are documented and the obtained results are shown in tables and graphics. Each of finally defined limits is imported into the actual PQ diagram of the observed unit. Considering the complexity of calculating the limit conditions imposed by electromagnetic and thermal occurrences in the end region, in a concrete example from practice the present work describes an entirely new methodology of determining the limit values of the longitudinal magnetic induction component, based on the results of measuring induction and pertaining over-temperature in the generator’s permanent capacitive operation. The proposed method is applicable to any synchronous generator

AN EXAMPLE OF APPLYING ALGORITHM TO CREATE THE ACTUAL PQ DIAGRAM OF A HYDROGENERATOR

U radu je prikazana provedba metodologije određivanja korisničke pogonske karte na primjeru hidroagregata br. 3 u HE Vinodol. Kao predložak u pripremi podloga i sustavnom određivanju granica dopuštenog rada agregata poslužio je blok dijagram sa slike 15 u [1], koji na pregledan način ocrtava tijek provedbe pojedinih radnji potrebnih za tvorbu korisničke pogonske karte. Svi međukoraci su dokumentirani, a dobiveni rezultati prikazani tablično i grafički. Svaka od konačno određenih granica je ucrtana u korisničku pogonsku kartu promatranog agregata. S obzirom na složenost provedbe proračuna graničnih uvjeta koje nameću elektromagnetska i toplinska zbivanja u čeonom prostoru, u radu je na konkretnom primjeru iz prakse prikazana potpuno nova metodologija utvrđivanja graničnih vrijednosti uzdužne komponente magnetske indukcije, temeljeno na rezultatima mjerenja indukcije i pripadne nadtemperature u trajnom kapacitivnom radu generatora. Predložena metoda je primjenjiva za bilo koji sinkroni generator.The work describes the application of the methodology of defining the actual PQ diagram on the example of Hydrogenerator-turbine unit No. 3 at Vinodol Hydroelectric Power Plant. Used as a basis for preparing documents and determining the unit’s operating tolerances was a block diagram in Figure 15, contained in [1], which provides a clear survey of the sequence of steps required to create an actual PQ diagram. All intermediate steps are documented and the obtained results are shown in tables and graphics. Each of finally defined limits is imported into the actual PQ diagram of the observed unit. Considering the complexity of calculating the limit conditions imposed by electromagnetic and thermal occurrences in the end region, in a concrete example from practice the present work describes an entirely new methodology of determining the limit values of the longitudinal magnetic induction component, based on the results of measuring induction and pertaining over-temperature in the generator’s permanent capacitive operation. The proposed method is applicable to any synchronous generator

Kavezno izlaganje lubina (Dicentrarchus labrax) u procjeni genotoksičnog utjecaja onečišćenja

Genotoxic effects are often the earliest signs of pollution-related environmental disturbance. In this study, we used the comet assay and micronucleus test to assess DNA damage in the erythrocytes of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) exposed to environmental pollution in situ. Fish were collected from a fi sh farm in the Trogir Bay and their cages placed at an unpolluted reference site Šolta (Nečujam Bay) and a polluted site Vranjic (Kaštela Bay) for four weeks. A group of fi sh which remained at the fi sh farm Trogir Bay were used as the second control group. Fish exposed at the Vranjic site showed a signifi cantly higher erythrocyte DNA damage, measured by the comet assay, than either control group. Micronucleus induction showed a similar gradient of DNA damage, but did not reach statistical signifi cance. Our results show that cage exposure of a marine fi sh D. labrax can be useful in environmental biomonitoring and confi rm the comet assay as a suitable tool for detecting pollution-related genotoxicity.Genotoksični učinak često je jedan od najranijih pokazatelja štetnog djelovanja onečišćenja okoliša. U ovom radu procijenjeno je oštećenje DNA u eritrocitima lubina (Dicentrarchus labrax) izloženima okolišnom onečišćenju s pomoću komet-testa i mikronukleus-testa. Lubini su prikupljeni na ribogojilištu i kavezno izloženi u periodu od četiri tjedna na dvije postaje različitog stupnja onečišćenja na jadranskoj obali: na kontrolnoj postaji Šolta (zaljev Nečujam) i na onečišćenoj postaji Vranjic (Kaštelanski zaljev). Zasebna skupina lubina skupljena na ribogojilištu poslužila je kao druga kontrola. Rezultati komet-testa pokazali su statistički značajan porast oštećenja DNA na postaji Vranjic u usporedbi s obje kontrolne postaje. Rezultati mikronukleus-testa pokazali su sličan gradijent onečišćenja, iako nisu dosegli statističku značajnost. Ovi rezultati upućuju na primjenjivost kaveznog izlaganja lubina D. labrax u biomonitoringu vodenog okoliša te potvrđuju korisnost komet-testa kao prikladne metode za detekciju genotoksičnog utjecaja onečišćenja