Successful Pregnancy and Delivery after Uterine Rupture in Previous Pregnancy: A Case Report

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Uterine rupture in all layers is not only a serious complication of pregnancy but is also associated with maternal and fetal mortality. The usual treatment for uterine rupture is termination of pregnancy, and hysterectomy is necessary in most cases. Successful repair of uterine rupture in all layers is not only uncommon but successful subsequent pregnancy is quite rare. A successful pregnancy is reported in a woman with a history of complete uterine rupture due to intramural pregnancy. CASE REPORT: A 28 – year – old pregnant woman, gravida 4, with a history of two abortions, and one delivery (stillbirth) was admitted to the high-risk pregnancy unit of Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital (Babol, Iran). She had a history of rupture of all layers of the uterus following intramural pregnancy in her third pregnancy, and at that time, she had undergone laparotomy and repair of the uterus. In the fourth pregnancy, due to the history of uterine rupture, she was under prenatal care in high-risk pregnancy unit, and after the onset of contractions at 36 weeks and 2 days, emergency cesarean section was performed for the patient, and the neonate was born with 10/10 APGAR score and a weight of 3000 grams. CONCLUSION: In women who become pregnant after a history of rupture of all layers of the uterus and after the repair of uterine, prenatal and fetal care should be done carefully and cesarean section should be performed immediately after the onset of labor contractions

The Risk Factors for Ectopic Pregnancy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Ectopic pregnancy is a common complication and one of the causes of pregnancy-related deaths. Considering the increased prevalence of ectopic pregnancy in recent years and the increased risk factors such as assisted reproductive treatment, the present study was conducted to investigate the risk factors for ectopic pregnancy in Babol, northern Iran. METHODS: This case-control study was performed on pregnant women who were admitted with suspicion for ectopic pregnancy or acute abdomen within a 6-year period. Patients diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy were selected in the case group and the control group was selected from among the pregnant women's medical record during the same years. Patients were examined in terms of age, parity, history of abortion, type of contraception, history of ectopic pregnancy, history of pelvic infections, history of cesarean section, infertility treatment, history of smoking, marriages within the family, medical history and underlying disease. FINDINGS: In this study, 201 patients were examined in each group. The mean age for the case group was 29.75±5.6 and for the control group was 28.62±6.4 years. Among the risk factors, assisted reproductive treatment (OR=10.24, p≤0.001), abdominal and pelvic surgery (OR=2.35, p=0.002), infertility (p=6.76, p<0.001), contraceptive pills (OR=0.61, p<0.001) and nulliparity (OR = 1.61, p=0.019) were associated with increased risk of ectopic pregnancy. CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, the most important risk factors for ectopic pregnancy are the use of hormonal pills to prevent pregnancy and nulliparity, respectively

The Comparison of the Risk Factors in the Term and Preterm Delivery

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Premature delivery is the presence of progressive uterine contractions before reaching 37 weeks of pregnancy. Since it is associated with perinatal complications and high costs, this study aimed to study the risk factors for premature delivery. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 377 pregnant women with preterm labor (23-37 weeks) and 423 pregnant women of term delivery referring to Ayatollah Rohani Hospital of Babol city, Iran. We extracted and investigated the subjects&rsquo; demographic data, history of infertility, smoking habits, use of drugs, fast food consumption, history or presence of maternal illnesses and surgery, Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), Oligohydramnios, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), embryonic anomalies, premature rupture of membranes, vaginal bleeding as well as the neonatal data. FINDINGS: As observed in the two groups of preterm and term delivery respectively, there was employment during pregnancy in 83 (22%) and 51 (12%) cases, a history of preterm labor in 41 (10.9%) versus 21 (5%) cases, bleeding during the first trimester in 118 (31.3%) versus 61 (14.4%) cases, fast food consumption in 34 (9%) versus 14 (3.3%) cases, UTI in 150 (39.8%) versus 111 (26.2%) cases, anemia in 62 (16.4%) versus 29 (6.9%) cases, hypertension in 72 (19.1%) versus 13 (3.1%) cases and finally, smoking habits in 22 (5.8%) versus 5 (1.2%) subjects. There was a statistically significant association between the aforementioned variables (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, the most significant risk factors for premature delivery could be managed and controlle

The effects of acupuncture and electroacupuncture on Parkinson's disease: Current status and future perspectives for molecular mechanisms

Among the progressive neurodegenerative disorders, Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common. Different factors have critical role in pathophysiology of PD such as apoptosis pathways, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitters and its receptors abnormalities. Acupuncture and electroacupuncture were considered as nondrug therapies for PD. Although numerous studies has been conducted for assessing the mechanism underlying electroacupuncture and acupuncture, various principal aspects of these treatment procedures remain not well-known. There have also been few investigations on the molecular mechanism of acupuncture and electroacupuncture therapy effects in PD. This review evaluates the effects of electroacupuncture and acupuncture on the molecular mechanism in PD. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

The effects of acupuncture and electroacupuncture on Parkinson's disease: Current status and future perspectives for molecular mechanisms

Among the progressive neurodegenerative disorders, Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common. Different factors have critical role in pathophysiology of PD such as apoptosis pathways, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitters and its receptors abnormalities. Acupuncture and electroacupuncture were considered as nondrug therapies for PD. Although numerous studies has been conducted for assessing the mechanism underlying electroacupuncture and acupuncture, various principal aspects of these treatment procedures remain not well-known. There have also been few investigations on the molecular mechanism of acupuncture and electroacupuncture therapy effects in PD. This review evaluates the effects of electroacupuncture and acupuncture on the molecular mechanism in PD. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

A Comparison of Serum Magnesium Level in Pregnant Women with and without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Intracellular magnesium is a cofactor for several enzymes in carbohydrate metabolism. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the role of magnesium as an effective and an underlying factor in disrupted glucose metabolism among pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: This cross-sectional was conducted among 24-32 weeks pregnant women admitted to gynecology clinic of Ayatollah Rohani Hospital in Babol. Patients were divided into four groups: healthy pregnant women, pregnant women with high-risk gestational diabetes, pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnant women with overt diabetes. The demographic information was gathered using a questionnaire and the serum level, magnesium RBC and the fasting blood sugar were measured by laboratory methods and were compared between the four groups. FINDINGS: 399 patients with mean age of 26.53&plusmn;5.54 participated in this study. Overall, mean serum magnesium level was 1.71&plusmn;0.12 mg/dL and magnesium level in RBC was 4.88&plusmn;0.29 mg/dL. The mean serum magnesium level was 1.73&plusmn;0.10 in healthy pregnant women, 1.73&plusmn;0.12 in pregnant women with high-risk gestational diabetes, 1.71&plusmn;0.13 in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and 1.64&plusmn;0.15 in pregnant women with overt diabetes and there was a significant difference between the four groups (p=0.001). The result regarding RBC magnesium level was found to be 5.12&plusmn;0.18, 4.81&plusmn;0.23, 4.77&plusmn;0.24 and 4.66&plusmn;0.38 in healthy pregnant women, pregnant women with high-risk gestational diabetes, pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnant women with overt diabetes, respectively, which was significant (p=0.001). Serum level and RBC magnesium in diabetic women was less than non-diabetic women. CONCLUSION: Results of the study demonstrated that magnesium could be an effective and an underlying factor in identification of disrupted glucose metabolism in pregnant women