Penetrating eyelid injury: a case report and review of literature

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>In literature, many different types of foreign objects have been found to have caused eye injuries. These objects can range from organic to inorganic matter such as glass, wood, pencil, nails and fishhooks. Once the injury is recognized, removal of the foreign body and technique used in the management of the injury is very important to reduce further ocular damage. This case report investigates an injury caused by an object similar to a fishhook that pierced into the eyelid in the opposite direction to normal.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 19 year old man presented with a one hour history of the right upper eyelid injury from a wire fence. The loose end of the wire penetrated the full thickness of the eyelid in the direction opposite to the normal. The wire passed from under the eyelid, through the centre of the upper lid, to the external surface. After the application of topical anesthetic drops, the eye could be opened manually, the lid averted, and the wire passed out through the defect. No complications were observed. Post removal, the acuity increased to 6/9 and there was no intraocular penetration. Full recovery was observed as well.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A severe eyelid penetrating injury can be uncomplicated with a full recovery when there is no intraocular penetration. It is also possible to have an injury pass under the lower margin of the lid and penetrate from inside to out, with no associated corneal injury.</p

Congenital intrascleral cyst

Congenital intrascleral cysts are rare. They are mostly located at the limbus with corneal involvement. We report a case of a 30-month-old boy with a bulber conjunctival cyst noticed at birth. The lesion enlarged over the following months but did not involve the cornea. During surgery the cyst proved to be intrascleral and a complete excision was carried out. The remaining defect was repaired with banked fascia lata. The histopathology revealed a scleral cyst wall lined by nonkeratinizing squamous epithelium with no goblet cells. We conclude that congenital intrascleral epithelial cysts are rare but should be considered in differential diagnosis of external eye cystic lesions. In our case, early excision and repair with fascia lata led to an uncomplicated postoperative course of 6 years

REMOVAL OF CATIONIC DYE (BASIC RED 18) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING NATURAL TURKISH CLAY

In this study, the removal of a cationic dye, basic red 18, used in the textile industry with montmorillonite was investigated as a function of initial dye concentration, agitation speed, ionic strength, adsorbent dosage, pH and temperature. Adsorption process was attained to the equilibrium within 30 minutes. The adsorption capacity of basic red 18 increased with increasing ionic strength, initial dye concentration, pH, agitation speed, and temperature, but decreased with increasing adsorbent dosage. The experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Elovich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms, and it was found that the isotherm data were reasonably correlated by Freundlich isotherm. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich kinetic equations and intraparticle diffusion model were used to examine the experimental data of different initial conditions. It was found that the pseudo-second order kinetic equation described the data of dye adsorption onto nnontmorillonite very well. Furthermore, for the removal of basic red 18, a semi-empirical model was established. Thermodynamic analysis was carried out for basic red 18 onto montmorillonite. It was found that the adsorption processes were endothermic in nature. The values of E-a, Delta H*, Delta S* and Delta G* at 293 K for basic red 18 adsorption on clay were calculated as 27.635 kJ mol(-1), 25.041kJ mol(-1), -0.090 kJ mal K-1 and 51.412 kJ mol(-1), respectively. The results indicated that montmorillonite could be employed as an alternative to commercial adsorbents in wastewater treatment for the removal of color and dyes