86 research outputs found
Self Induced Quenched Disorder: A Model for the Glass Transition
We consider a simple spin system without disorder which exhibits a glassy
regime. We show that this model can be well approximated by a system with
quenched disorder which is studied with the standard methods developped in spin
glasses. We propose that the glass transition is a point where quenched
disorder is self induced, a scenario for which the `cavity' method might be
particularly well suited.Comment: Latex, LPTENS 94/14, three figures upon reques
ON A DYNAMICAL MODEL OF GLASSES
We analyze a simple dynamical model of glasses, based on the idea that each
particle is trapped in a local potential well, which itself evolves due to
hopping of neighbouring particles. The glass transition is signalled by the
fact that the equilibrium distribution ceases to be normalisable, and dynamics
becomes non-stationary. We generically find stretching of the correlation
function at low temperatures and a Vogel-Fulcher like behaviour of the terminal
time.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures (available upon request
Hamiltonian structure of thermodynamics with gauge
The state of a thermodynamic system being characterized by its set of
extensive variables we write the associated intensive
variables the partial derivatives of the entropy in the form where
behaves as a gauge factor. When regarded as independent, the variables
define a space having a canonical
symplectic structure where they appear as conjugate. A thermodynamic system is
represented by a -dimensional gauge-invariant Lagrangian submanifold
of Any thermodynamic process, even dissipative,
taking place on is represented by a Hamiltonian trajectory in
governed by a Hamiltonian function which is zero on
A mapping between the equations of state of different systems is likewise
represented by a canonical transformation in Moreover a natural
Riemannian metric exists for any physical system, with the 's as
contravariant variables, the 's as covariant ones. Illustrative examples
are given.Comment: Proofs corrections latex vali.tex, 1 file, 28 pages [SPhT-T00/099],
submitted to Eur. Phys. J.
A Bijection between classes of Fully Packed Loops and Plane Partitions
It has recently been observed empirically that the number of FPL
configurations with 3 sets of a, b and c nested arches equals the number of
plane partitions in a box of size a x b x c. In this note, this result is
proved by constructing explicitly the bijection between these FPL and plane
partitions
Molecular basis of Diamond–Blackfan anemia: structure and function analysis of RPS19
Diamond–Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare congenital disease linked to mutations in the ribosomal protein genes rps19, rps24 and rps17. It belongs to the emerging class of ribosomal disorders. To understand the impact of DBA mutations on RPS19 function, we have solved the crystal structure of RPS19 from Pyrococcus abyssi. The protein forms a five α-helix bundle organized around a central amphipathic α-helix, which corresponds to the DBA mutation hot spot. From the structure, we classify DBA mutations relative to their respective impact on protein folding (class I) or on surface properties (class II). Class II mutations cluster into two conserved basic patches. In vivo analysis in yeast demonstrates an essential role for class II residues in the incorporation into pre-40S ribosomal particles. This data indicate that missense mutations in DBA primarily affect the capacity of the protein to be incorporated into pre-ribosomes, thus blocking maturation of the pre-40S particles
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