Mass Measurement of the Decaying Bino at the LHC

In some class of supersymmetric (SUSY) models, the neutral Wino becomes the lightest superparticle and the Bino decays into the Wino and standard-model particles. In such models, we show that the measurement of the Bino mass is possible if the short charged tracks (with the length of O(10 cm)) can be identified as a signal of the charged-Wino production. We pay particular attention to the anomaly-mediated SUSY-breaking (AMSB) model with a generic form of K\"ahler potential, in which only the gauginos are kinematically accessible superparticles to the LHC, and discuss the implication of the Bino mass measurement for the test of the AMSB model.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl

Effects of hydrogen-rich water on aging periodontal tissues in rats

Oxidative damage is involved in age-related inflammatory reactions. The anti-oxidative effects of hydrogen-rich water suppress oxidative damage, which may aid in inhibiting age-related inflammatory reactions. We investigated the effects of drinking hydrogen-rich water on aging periodontal tissues in healthy rats. Four-month-old male Fischer 344 rats (n = 12) were divided into two groups: the experimental group (hydrogen-rich water treatment) and the control group (distilled water treatment). The rats consumed hydrogen-rich water or distilled water until 16 months of age. The experimental group exhibited lower periodontal oxidative damage at 16 months of age than the control group. Although protein expression of interleukin-1 beta did not differ, gene expression of Nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasomes was activated in periodontal tissues from the experimental group as compared with the control group. Drinking hydrogen-rich water is proposed to have anti-aging effects on periodontal oxidative damage, but not on inflammatory reactions in healthy rats

Stau Kinks at the LHC

The kink signature of charged tracks is predicted in some SUSY models, and it is very characteristic signal at collider experiments. We study the kink signature at LHC using two models, SUSY models with a gravitino LSP and a stau NLSP, and R-parity violating SUSY models with a stau (N)LSP. We find that a large number of kink events can be discovered in a wide range of the SUSY parameters, when the decay length is O(10-10^5)mm. Model discrimination by identifying the daughter particles of the kink tracks is also discussed.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures; Version published in JHEP; abstract refined, reference added and several minor corrections in tex

ガン チリョウヤク ト フクサヨウ

In Japan, about one-half of population suffers from cancer in their lives, and one-third will die of it. Currently, we have three strategies in the treatment of cancer, i.e., surgical treatment, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy（drug therapy）. Most conventional chemotherapeutic drugs work by impairing cell division, resulting in apototic cell death. However, these drugs have potent side-effects including nausea and vomiting, diarrhea and constipation, anemia, hair loss, hemorrhage, immunosupression and myelosuppression, and secondary neoplasms due to disrupt normal cell growth. Some specific anti-cancer drugs are associated with organ-specific toxicities including cardiovascular disease（e.g., doxorubicin）and lung disease（e.g., bleomycin）. In addition, anti-cancer drugs are applied to patients with maximum tolerated dose（MTD）, side-effects are intolerable to the patients in most cases. In order to improve these unpleasant symptoms, some drugs are approved to cope with the side-effects of chemotherapy（synthetic G-CSF for neutropenia, ５-HT３ inhibitors to block one or more of the signals that cause nausea and vomiting）though, medical staffs should pay attention to these sign of side effects. By the way, recent advances in molecular biology have identified numerous genes and proteins involved in malignant transformation as targets of anticancer therapy. Many moleculartargeted agents are now applied at the bedside. Successful developments of trastuzumab in treating breast cancer, imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia（CML）and gastrointestinal stromal tumors（ GISTs）, gefitinib and erlotinib in non-small cell lung cancer, sunitinib in GISTs and renal cell carcinoma（RCC）, sorafenib in RCC, and bevacizumab in colorectal cancer, have validated the concept of molecular targeting and raised expectations of patients and oncologists alike. These drugs have high selectivity for tumor cells, provide effective treatment, and produce fewer side effects than are seen with conventional anticancer agents. However, unexpected untoward results may occur during treatment. Special attention will be required

Predictive modeling of submarining risk in car occupants based on pelvis angle and lap belt positioning

Objective: The engagement of the lap belt with the pelvis is critical for occupant safety during vehicle frontal crashes to prevent occupant submarining. This study aims to develop a predictive model for submarining risk based on anthropometric parameters and lap belt positioning using finite element (FE) analyses. Methods: FE analyses were conducted using human body models representing various body shapes (a 50th percentile male, low and high BMI males, and a 5th percentile female) in three seated postures (standard, reclined, and slouched). The lap belt-ASIS overlap and the belt-pelvis angle were used as key parameters for predicting submarining risk. A logistic regression analysis was utilized to correlate submarining occurrence with the initial values of these two parameters at the beginning of impact. Subsequently, this submarining prediction model was applied to computer tomography (CT) measurements of human subjects in different seated postures (upright, reclined, and slouched), and submarining risks were calculated based on the developed model. Results: FE simulations indicated that submarining was more likely to occur as the initial belt-pelvis angle approached zero and there was a smaller initial belt-ASIS overlap. The logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the initial belt-pelvis angle and belt-ASIS overlap were statistically significant for predicting submarining risk. The derived model effectively distinguished submarining occurrence based on the initial values of these two parameters. The application of the submarining model to CT measurements of human subjects showed that submarining risk was lower in the order of upright, slouched, and reclined postures. In the reclined posture, the high submarining risk was attributed to a small belt-ASIS overlap and a rearward-tilted pelvis angle; whereas in the slouched posture, the risk was mostly associated with a rearward-tilted pelvis angle. Conclusions: The submarining prediction model was developed based on the belt-pelvis angle and the belt-ASIS overlap. This predictive model may help to design restraint systems for various body types and seated postures of occupants.journal articl

Cardioversion in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation: observational study using prospectively collected registry data

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent cardioversion compared with those who did not have cardioverson in a large dataset of patients with recent onset non-valvular atrial fibrillation. DESIGN Observational study using prospectively collected registry data (Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-AF-GARFIELD-AF). SETTING 1317 participating sites in 35 countries. PARTICIPANTS 52 057 patients aged 18 years and older with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (up to six weeks' duration) and at least one investigator determined stroke risk factor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Comparisons were made between patients who received cardioversion and those who had no cardioversion at baseline, and between patients who received direct current cardioversion and those who had pharmacological cardioversion. Overlap propensity weighting with Cox proportional hazards models was used to evaluate the effect of cardioversion on clinical endpoints (all cause mortality, non-haemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism, and major bleeding), adjusting for baseline risk and patient selection. RESULTS 44 201 patients were included in the analysis comparing cardioversion and no cardioversion, and of these, 6595 (14.9%) underwent cardioversion at baseline. The propensity score weighted hazard ratio for all cause mortality in the cardioversion group was 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.63 to 0.86) from baseline to one year follow-up and 0.77 (0.64 to 0.93) from one year to two year follow-up. Of the 6595 patients who had cardioversion at baseline, 299 had a follow-up cardioversion more than 48 days after enrolment. 7175 patients were assessed in the analysis comparing type of cardioversion: 2427 (33.8%) received pharmacological cardioversion and 4748 (66.2%) had direct current cardioversion. During one year follow-up, event rates (per 100 patient years) for all cause mortality in patients who received direct current and pharmacological cardioversion were 1.36 (1.13 to 1.64) and 1.70 (1.35 to 2.14), respectively. OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent cardioversion compared with those who did not have cardioverson in a large dataset of patients with recent onset non-valvular atrial fibrillation. DESIGN Observational study using prospectively collected registry data (Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-AF-GARFIELD-AF). SETTING 1317 participating sites in 35 countries. PARTICIPANTS 52 057 patients aged 18 years and older with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (up to six weeks' duration) and at least one investigator determined stroke risk factor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Comparisons were made between patients who received cardioversion and those who had no cardioversion at baseline, and between patients who received direct current cardioversion and those who had pharmacological cardioversion. Overlap propensity weighting with Cox proportional hazards models was used to evaluate the effect of cardioversion on clinical endpoints (all cause mortality, non-haemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism, and major bleeding), adjusting for baseline risk and patient selection. RESULTS 44 201 patients were included in the analysis comparing cardioversion and no cardioversion, and of these, 6595 (14.9%) underwent cardioversion at baseline. The propensity score weighted hazard ratio for all cause mortality in the cardioversion group was 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.63 to 0.86) from baseline to one year follow-up and 0.77 (0.64 to 0.93) from one year to two year follow-up.Of the 6595 patients who had cardioversion at baseline, 299 had a follow-up cardioversion more than 48 days after enrolment. 7175 patients were assessed in the analysis comparing type of cardioversion: 2427 (33.8%) received pharmacological cardioversion and 4748 (66.2%) had direct current cardioversion. During one year follow-up, event rates (per 100 patient years) for all cause mortality in patients who received direct current and pharmacological cardioversion were 1.36 (1.13 to 1.64) and 1.70 (1.35 to 2.14), respectively. CONCLUSION In this large dataset of patients with recent onset non-valvular atrial fibrillation, a small proportion were treated with cardioversion. Direct current cardioversion was performed twice as often as pharmacological cardioversion, and there appeared to be no major difference in outcome events for these two cardioversion modalities. For the overall cardioversion group, after adjustments for confounders, a significantly lower risk of mortality was found in patients who received early cardioversion compared with those who did not receive early cardioversion. STUDY REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01090362

DOCK2 is involved in the host genetics and biology of severe COVID-19

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19疾患感受性遺伝子DOCK2の重症化機序を解明 --アジア最大のバイオレポジトリーでCOVID-19の治療標的を発見--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-10.Identifying the host genetic factors underlying severe COVID-19 is an emerging challenge. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 2, 393 cases of COVID-19 in a cohort of Japanese individuals collected during the initial waves of the pandemic, with 3, 289 unaffected controls. We identified a variant on chromosome 5 at 5q35 (rs60200309-A), close to the dedicator of cytokinesis 2 gene (DOCK2), which was associated with severe COVID-19 in patients less than 65 years of age. This risk allele was prevalent in East Asian individuals but rare in Europeans, highlighting the value of genome-wide association studies in non-European populations. RNA-sequencing analysis of 473 bulk peripheral blood samples identified decreased expression of DOCK2 associated with the risk allele in these younger patients. DOCK2 expression was suppressed in patients with severe cases of COVID-19. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis (n = 61 individuals) identified cell-type-specific downregulation of DOCK2 and a COVID-19-specific decreasing effect of the risk allele on DOCK2 expression in non-classical monocytes. Immunohistochemistry of lung specimens from patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia showed suppressed DOCK2 expression. Moreover, inhibition of DOCK2 function with CPYPP increased the severity of pneumonia in a Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized by weight loss, lung oedema, enhanced viral loads, impaired macrophage recruitment and dysregulated type I interferon responses. We conclude that DOCK2 has an important role in the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe COVID-19, and could be further explored as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target

The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19患者由来の血液細胞における遺伝子発現の網羅的解析 --重症度に応じた遺伝子発現の変化には、ヒトゲノム配列の個人差が影響する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-23.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection

Medical checkups and interview study for volleyball team

高校女子バレーボール部に実施したメディカルチェックの概要と振り返りをまとめることを第1の目的とした．次にチームの指導者に対してインタビュー調査をおこない，医療者側と指導者側の共通点や相違点を明らかにすることを第2の目的とした．メディカルチェックによって障害の把握ができ，医療機関と学校との連携を促進することができた．インタビューで指導者は早期発見や，教育的観点からも考えていることが明らかになった．The first objective of this study was to summarize the contents of the medical checkups conducted on the high school women volleyball team. The second objective was to conduct an interview survey with the team's instructors to clarify the similarities and differences between the medical staffs and instructors. The medical checkup enabled us to understand the disorder and to promote cooperation between the medical institution and the school. In the interviews, it became clear that the instructors considered not only early detection but also educational perspectives to be important.原著(Original paper)application/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

HDL シンセイ ニ カカワル ABCA1 ノ サイボウナイ ドウタイ ト ブンカイ キコウ ノ カイセキ

京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(農学)甲第14841号農博第1781号新制||農||974(附属図書館)学位論文||H21||N4481(農学部図書室)27247UT51-2009-F483京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻(主査)教授 植田 和光, 教授 阪井 康能, 教授 三芳 秀人学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Agricultural ScienceKyoto UniversityDA