デンマークの「宗教教育」の学習成果記述についての一考察－日本の「特別の教科 道徳」との比較において－

The aim of this paper is to find out that “the Religious Knowledge” education （hereinafter called RK） in Denmark and “the Moral Education” （hereinafter called MR） in Japan have some common points in their learning outcomes on morality and ethics that are basis of living. First, the characteristics of learning outcomes description of RK in the subject guidance in Denmark are revealed and compared to those of MR in teaching guidelines in Japan. In RK, the expressions with the verb “can” and “have knowledge” are used. In MR, the normative description like “what to do” is used. While there is such a difference and RK education has a lot of religious descriptions that MR does not have, there are some common points in their learning outcomes on morality and ethics in general

IC カード学生証・ IC カード職員証の導入

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視聴覚メディアの作成とその効果的な利用方法について : 「学習技術」の実践を通して

大学生に必要なスタディ・スキルズを身につける授業として,平成13年度より「学習技術」が開講された。専門家が存在せず,しかもチームティーチングの形式で運用されるこの科目において,全クラスで同様の授業内容を実施することは容易ではない。その問題点を解決するための手段が,視聴覚メディアの作成であった。一斉授業で視聴覚メディアを利用することにより,クラス格差は小さいものになると期待される。本稿では,それらのメディアの作成過程を述べ,授業にどのように利用できるのかを考察する。In the 2001 academic year, Kansai University of International Studies started the new program "Learning Strategies (Gakushu Gijutsu)" for freshmen. This program is provided in a number of classes that proceed in parallel. Each class is directed by an instructor who is not necessarily expert in the discipline. This makes it difficult to ensure a uniform quality of instruction. To help the instructors manage classes effectively, and to maintain the required level of educational quality, we decided to develop original audio-visual materials as part of the "Learning Strategies" program. In this article, we report on the process of creating the materials and present some suggestions as to their effective use in class

Magnifying Endoscopy with Blue Laser Imaging Improves the Microstructure Visualization in Early Gastric Cancer: Comparison of Magnifying Endoscopy with Narrow-Band Imaging

Backgrounds. Magnifying endoscopy with blue laser imaging (ME-BLI) for diagnosis of early gastric cancer (EGC) is as effective as magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI). However, there are different EGCs in microstructure visualization between ME-BLI and ME-NBI. This study aimed to clarify the pathological features of the EGCs, in which microstructure visualization was different between ME-NBI and ME-BLI. Methods. EGCs were classified into groups A (irregular microsurface pattern (MSP) in ME-BLI and absent MSP in ME-NBI), B (irregular MSP in two modalities), or C (absent MSP in two modalities), according to the vessel plus surface classification. We compared the pathological features of EGCs between the three groups. Results. 17, four, and five lesions could be evaluated in detail in groups A, B and C, respectively. Well-differentiated adenocarcinomas with shallow crypts were more frequent in group A than in group B (58.8 and 0%, resp.). The mean crypt depth of group A was significantly shallower than that of group B (56 ± 20, 265 ± 64 μm, resp., P=0.0002). Conclusions. ME-BLI could better visualize the microstructures of the EGCs with shallow crypts compared with ME-NBI. Therefore, ME-BLI could enable a more accurate diagnosis of EGC with shallow crypts

The mechanical stimulation of cells in 3D culture within a self-assembling peptide hydrogel

The aim of this present study was to provide a scaffold as a tool for the investigation of the effect of mechanical stimulation on three-dimensionally cultured cells. For this purpose, we developed an artificial self-assembling peptide (SPG-178) hydrogel scaffold. The structural properties of the SPG-178 peptide were confirmed by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mechanical properties of the SPG-178 hydrogel were studied using rheology measurements. The SPG-178 peptide was able to form a stable, transparent hydrogel in a neutral pH environment In the SPG-178 hydrogel, mouse skeletal muscle cells proliferated successfully (increased by 12.4 +/- 1.5 times during 8 days of incubation; mean +/- SEM). When the scaffold was statically stretched, a rapid phosphorylation of ERK was observed (increased by 2.8 +/- 0.2 times; mean +/- SEM). These results demonstrated that the developed self-assembling peptide gel is non-cytotoxic and is a suitable tool for the investigation of the effect of mechanical stimulation on three-dimensional cell culture

Chemoradiotherapy with 3-weekly CDDP 80 mg/m2 for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: 5-year survival data from a phase 2 study

ObjectiveThe global standard for chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is cisplatin 100 mg/m2 administered once every three weeks, although cisplatin 80 mg/m2 is also widely used as an alternative treatment to reduce adverse events in Japan. We aimed to assess the long-term survival outcomes and late adverse events associated with CCRT with a 3-weekly cisplatin dose of 80 mg/m2.MethodsA phase 2 study on CCRT with a 3-weekly cisplatin dose of 80 mg/m2 was performed in 47 patients between April 2015 and December 2016 at four centers in Japan. Survival outcomes and late adverse events at 5 years after this phase 2 trial were investigated.ResultsThe median follow-up period was 61 months. The 5-year progression-free survival/overall survival of all 47 patients was 66.0%/76.6%, while that of patients with stage III, IV disease (UICC) was 65.6%/71.9%. Seventeen patients (36%) experienced dysphagia as a late adverse event. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed a significant association between acute mucositis/low body mass index (BMI) during CCRT and late dysphagia.ConclusionThe survival outcomes of CCRT with a 3-weekly cisplatin dose of 80 mg/m2 may be comparable to the previously reported dose of 100 mg/m2. Acute mucositis and low BMI at CCRT were risk factors for late dysphagia, indicating the importance of managing these conditions during CCRT to prevent late adverse events. Caution and care for acute mucositis and swallowing training in patients with low BMI may be important for preventing late-stage dysphagia

ベトナム ニ オケル コウトウ キョウイク シツ ホショウ システム ノ ゲンジョウ ASEAN ニ オケル コウトウ キョウイク シツ ホショウ ノ グローバルカ ヲ シヤ ニ イレテ

ASEANの一員であるベトナムは，近年，著しい経済成長の伸びを示し，高等教育の規模も急速に拡大しつつある．さらに，ASEAN地域での資格参照枠組を踏まえ国家資格枠組みを制定しており注目されている．本稿は，ベトナムの国家資格枠組みについて紹介するとともに，同国の高等教育関係機関であるベトナム国家大学ホーチミン校高等教育評価センターおよびフルブライト大学ベトナム公共政策大学院を対象に，2019年9月に実施した実地調査の概要を報告することが目的である．2機関の調査の結果，ベトナムの高等教育における社会主義国家としての特質もうかがい知れたが，一方で，ASEAN地域での学位の等価性，学生・研究者や高度職業人材の国境を越えた円滑な移動を促進するための高等教育質保証システムの充実・醸成を目指していることも強く認識できた．国境を越えた大学評価システム改革において，ASEAN地域は我が国の取り組みより進んでいるともいえ，今後，我が国が大学教育の国際化を進めるためにもASEAN地域のグローバルな視点を取り入れた高等教育質保証システムの取り組みを学び，発展させることが今後より必要になっていくものと思われる．Vietnam, a major member of ASEAN, has a remarkable economic growth, and the scope of higher education in Vietnam has also increased significantly. To examine the latest trend in the development of higher education quality assurance systems in the ASEAN countries, we visited the Center for Education Accreditation, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City and the Fulbright School of Public Policy and Management, Fulbright University Vietnam. The aims of this research visit are to understand how the ASEAN countries promote educational exchanges in higher education, and to investigate the real pictures and innovativeness of the higher education accreditation system including the institutional evaluation and the educational program evaluation in Vietnam. In recent years, the number of foreign students from Vietnam to Japan has been increasing, and the relationship between the two countries is growing both economically and socially. This study suggests that we must focus more on the higher education systems in ASEAN countries to meet the global standards.調査報