ANALISIS SOAL PENALARAN PROPORSIONAL PADA BUKU TEKS MATEMATIKA SMP KURIKULUM 2013

ABSTRAK Sri Yusniarti (2017). Analisis Soal Penalaran Proporsional pada Buku TeksMatematika SMP Kurikulum 2013. Rasionalisasi pengembangan kurikulum di Indonesia didasari pada tantanganinternal dan eksternal. Salah satu tantangan eksternal adalah rendahnya prestasi siswaIndonesia pada asesmen internasional. Hal tersebut dikarenakan siswa Indonesiatidak terbiasa dengan bentuk soal-soal yang digunakan dalam asesmen tersebut.Salah satu bentuk soal dalam asesmen tersebut adalah soal penalaran, khususnyapenalaran proporsional. Soal-soal penalaran proporsional merupakan bagian darisoal-soal yang terdapat pada buku teks matematika dan di berbagai pokok bahasan.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi distribusi soal penalaranproporsional yang terdapat pada buku teks Kurikulum 2013 dan mengetahuitingkatan kognitif soal penalaran proporsional yang terdapat pada buku tekskurikulum 2013 kelas VII dan VIII. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatankualitatif deskriptif karena bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi distribusi dan Level ofCognitive Demands (LCD) dari soal-soal penalaran proporsional yang terdapat padabuku teks Kurikulum 2013 kelas VII dan VIII edisi revisi 2014. Pengumpulan datadilakukan dengan cara mengidentifikasi soal-soal penalaran proporsional yangterdapat pada keseluruhan pokok bahasan (bab) buku teks tersebut yang selanjutnyadianalisis dan diklasifikasi menggunakan kriteria LCD Smith dan Stein. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi soal-soal penalaran proporsional tidakmerata pada buku teks kelas VII dan VIII. Soal penalaran proporsional hanyaterdapat pada empat pokok bahasan, yaitu Perbandingan (kelas VII semester 1),Segiempat dan Segitiga (kelas VII semester 2), Persamaan Garis Lurus (kelas VIIISemester 1) dan Perbandingan (kelas VIII semester 2). Setiap soal penalaranproporsional tersebut berada pada tingkatan LCD yang berbeda, yaitu Lower-LCD(Low-M dan Low-P) dan Higher-LCD (High-P dan High-DM). Pada buku teksmatematika kelas VII semester 1 terdapat 29 soal penalaran proporsional yang terdiriatas 17 soal Lower-LCD dan 12 soal Higher-LCD, sedangkan pada buku teksmatematika kelas VII semester 2 terdapat empat soal penalaran proporsional yangterdiri atas dua soal Lower-LCD dan dua soal Higher-LCD. Pada buku teksmatematika kelas VIII semester 1 terdapat 12 soal penalaran proporsional yangterdiri atas dua soal Lower-LCD dan 10 soal Higher-LCD sedangkan pada buku teksmatematika kelas VIII semester 2 terdapat 18 soal penalaran proporsional yangterdiri atas tujuh soal lower-LCD dan 11 soal higher-LCD. Kata kunci: Buku teks, Soal penalaran proporsional, Level of cognitive demands, Kurikulum 201

THE ANALYSIS OF PROPORTIONAL REASONING PROBLEM IN THE INDONESIAN MATHEMATICS TEXTBOOK FOR THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

The lack of Indonesian students achievement in the international assessment is due to several factors. Students are not familiar with the problems requiring reasoning, in particular the proportional reasoning. This research aims to identify the distribution and the Level of Cognitive Demands (LCD) of the proportional reasoning problems found in the Year 7 and Year 8 mathematics textbooks based on the 2013 curriculum (revised edition 2014). The data collection was conducted by identifying the proportional reasoning problems found in the whole chapters of the textbooks which are then analysed and classified using the Smiths and Stein’s criteria of LCD (1998). The results reveal that the proportional reasoning problems were only found in the three of 17 chapters namely ratio and proportion, rectangle and triangle, and Pythagorean Theorem, which represent different LCD including Lower-LCD (Low-M and Low-P) and Higher-LCD (High-P). Out of 69 proportional reasoning problem found in the textbooks, the percentage of higher-LCD problems (n=29 ; 42.03%) is less than lower-LCD (n=40;57.97%). In addition, the higher-LCD problems found were only the high-P type. None was found to meet the requirement of High-DM demanding students to conduct ‘doing mathematics’, complex approach and self-monitoring or self regulation of students’ cognitive process. It is recommended that the proportional reasoning problems, including some High-DM problems, should be provided in each topic in Indonesian mathematics textbooks.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22342/jme.9.1.4145.55-6

Geographic Information Systems Search Test Location For Admission Of New Students In Sriwijaya State Polytechnic Using Location Based Service (LBS) Method

New Student Admission Selection or in Indonesia called New Student Admission Selection (SPMB) is one of the new student admission selection tests for universities. The problem is usually found during the admission of new students because the students have come from outside the city. Another problem that could be a supervisor might make a mistake when they found the room they were late. And also the Admin is difficult to coordinate with supervisors and new students during the test. This is a geographic information system to search the test locations. This system is built using the Location Based Service (LBS) method by utilizing GPS in Maps. The system development method that is used is RUP, this system will provide the direction of the user's mobile device access. The results of research are made in a system that can facilitate students in finding the location of exam rooms. The geographical information system in mapping is the test location for the students who are going to do the test for the test location, and make it easier for supervisors to find out the location of the new student admission selection test