Clinicopathological significance of fascin and CD44v6 expression in endometrioid carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Fascin and CD44v6 may have significant roles as biomarkers in tumour progression and metastasis. In endometrioid carcinomas, the fascin expression profile is less defined, and the significance of CD44v6 is uncertain. We aimed to investigate the expressions of both fascin and CD44v6 in endometrioid carcinomas and to evaluate their inter-relation with clinicopathological parameters. METHODS: Fascin and CD44v6 expressions were evaluated, individually and in combination, in a series of 47 endometrioid carcinomas and 10 proliferative endometrium samples. The staining extent and intensity of both markers in tumour cells were scored semiquantitatively. The relationship between immunoexpressions and clinicopathological variables was assessed. RESULTS: The expression rates of fascin and CD44v6 in endometrioid carcinoma were 72.34% and 46.80%, respectively. Although these expression rates were higher than those in proliferative endometrial samples, fascin expression showed a statistically significant difference from the normal group (p = 0.02), but CD44v6 did not differ (p = 0.54). Fascin expression was significantly correlated with tumour grade (p = 0.003) and neural invasion (p = 0.036) in a univariate analysis. In contrast, no significant correlation was found between CD44v6 and any of the clinicopathological parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that fascin might be an independent prognostic indicator in the different steps of extracellular matrix invasion. On the other hand, CD44v6 was not a predictive factor in endometrioid cancer. VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/8511594927206899

Histological Subgroups in Classic Kaposi Sarcoma: A Preliminary Study

Background and Design: Kaposi sarcomas (KS) are vascular tumors with a low malignant potential which include overlapping infectious, immunologic, and neoplastic processes. Recently, many histological subtypes have been defined. Material and Method: In the present study, 151 cutaneous classic KS lesions in 56 patients were retrospectively evaluated with regard to histological subtypes. Determination of the subtypes was based on the predominant histopathological component in the lesion. We examined changes in epidermis and dermis along with intratumoral inflammatory response characteristics in the lesions. By defining histopathological variants of the cases, differences regarding subtypes were investigated. Results: Cases that bear the ordinary characteristics of KS and those that can not be classified otherwise, comprised 82..8% of the study group. Twenty-six cases showed consistency with the subtypes outlined in the literature in terms of their histopathological properties. The most common histological subtype was the lymphangiectatic variant in 7.3% of the cases. Bullous (2.6%), lymphangioma like (2.6%), intravascular (2%), and pyogenic granuloma like (2%) variants were less common. The most uncommon histological subtype was micronodular (0.6%) type. Lymphangiectatic, bullous, intravascular, and pyogenic granuloma like variants were frequently observed in the nodular stage of KSs. Lympangioma like changes were seen to be present in the early KS lesions. Lymphangiectatic type was oftenly associated with bullous component, whereas pyogenic granuloma like type demonstrated superficial ulceration and intense inflammatory response. Lymphangioma like and intravascular types exhibited a characteristic appearance, while other variants were accompanied by components belonging to different subtypes. Conclusion: In KS, histopathological subtypes can develop as a result of different pathological processes. The next stage of the current study, which is one of the largest case series in the literature, will be investigation of the clinical and prognostic characteristics of the variants

Montelukastin anti-ülserojenik etkisinin indometazinle oluşturulan deneysel ülser modelinde histopatolojik olarak değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Antiülserojenik ilaçların etkileri mide mukozasında prostoglandin üretiminin artışına ve lökotrien üretiminin azalmasına bağlıdır. Montelukast selektif reversibil sisteinil lökotrien D4 reseptör antagonisti, antiastmatik bir ilaçtır. Bu çalışmada, mon- telukastın antiülserojenik etkisi ve bu etkisinin polimorfnükleer lökosit infiltrasyonu ile ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Erkek Sprague-Dawley sıçanlar beş gruba ayrıldı. Gruplara distile su (kontrol grubu), famotidin (40 mg/kg) ve montelukast (5- 10 ve 20 mg/kg) ağız yoluyla verildi. 30 dakika sonra bütün gruplara yine ağız yoluyla indometazin (25 mg/kg) uygulandı. 6 saat sonra, denekler sakrifiye edildi. Her mide için ülser indeksleri ve her grup için ülser inhibisyon oranları ölçüldü, daha sonra mide dokuları histopatolojik olarak (polimorfonükleer lökosit infiltrasyonu) değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Ülser inhibisyon oranları famo- tidin için 96.14%, 5-10 ve 20 mg/kg montelukast için sırasıyla 59.96%, 72.65% ve 76.97% bulundu. Montelukast (10-20 mg/kg) histopatolojik olarak famotidine benzer etkiler gösterdi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, montelukastın antiülserojenik etkisi ile mide mukozasındaki polimorfonükleer lökosit infiltrasyonu arasında bir ilişki olduğu gözlenmiştir ve montelukast hem makroskopik olarak hem de mikroskopik olarak antiülserojenik bir ilaç gibi davranmıştır.Background/aims: The effects of anti-ulcerogenic drugs are dependent on the increase in prostaglandin production and reduction in leukotriene production in the gastric mucosa. Montelukast is an anti-asthmatic drug, a selective reversible cysteinyl leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-ulcerogenic effect of montelukast and to investigate the relati- onship between its anti-ulcerogenic effect and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration in the gastric tissues. Materials and Met- hods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into five groups. Distilled water (control group), famotidine (40 mg/kg), and mon- telukast (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) were given orally (gavage). Thirty minutes later, indomethacin (25 mg/kg) was administered to all the groups. Six hours later, the animals were sacrificed by decapitation. The ulcer indexes for each stomach and the ulcer inhibiti- on rates for each group were calculated, and the stomachs were later evaluated histopathologically (polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration). Results: Ulcer inhibition rates were as follows: famotidine 96.14% and montelukast 59.96%, 72.65% and 76.97% (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively). Montelukast (10 and 20 mg/kg) showed effects similar to those of famotidine histopathologically. Conclusions: In this study, it was observed that there was a relationship between the anti-ulcerogenic effect of montelukast and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration in the gastric mucosa, and montelukast behaved as an anti-ulcerogenic drug both macros- copically and microscopically

The Effect of the Botulinum Toxin-A on Craniofacial Development An Experimental Study

WOS: 000270209000023PubMed: 19745716In this study, we developed a novel experimental model to evaluate muscular action on bone formation and remodeling by the help of Botulinum toxin-A (BTX). Forty-nine 15-day-old mate Wistar rats were put into 4 groups randomly. Group I was the control group. BTX 0.4 IU (0.05 mL) was injected into the right masseter muscle in group 2 and into right temporalis muscle in group 3. The same volume of sterile saline was given into the both above-mentioned muscles in group 4. At the end of the fourth month, all animals were killed. Histology and weight of the masseter and temporalis muscles were studied. Thirty different osteometric measurements were also taken from skulls. Significant atrophy in BTX injected muscles was observed in groups 2 and 3. In group 4 (saline injection), only few osteometric measurements were significantly reduced, indicating the effect of the injection itself. Both groups 2 and 3 have apparent decrease in nasal bone, premaxilla, maxilla, and zygomatic dimensions on the injected side. When masseter group was compared with control and saline groups, no significant difference was found in skull base dimensions and mandibular length. In contrast, temporal group has also shown significant decrease in skull base dimensions. Our conclusions are as follows: (1) With this model, it is possible to study muscular action on bone formation and modeling without any surgical intervention, that is, by avoiding surgical artifacts, such as scar and contracture; (2) denervation of the skeletal muscles with BTX during the growing phase does effect bone development in a negative way; (3) pediatric use of the BTX deserves reevaluation under the light of these findings

Classic Kaposi sarcoma with sarcoid-like granulomas: a case report and review of the literature

27th International Congress of the International-Academy-of-Pathology -- OCT 12-17, 2008 -- Athens, GREECEWOS: 000259524800907Int Acad Patho

Hemitoraksta dev liposarkom

Obezitesi olan 57 yaşındaki kadın hasta, şiddetli dispne ve göğüs ağrısı yakınması ile acil servise başvurdu. Hastanın akciğer grafisinde sol hemitoraksı tamamen kapatan opasite ve sağ mediastinal şift saptandı. Bilgisayarlı toraks tomografisinde sol hemitoraksı tamamen dolduran ve mediastinal kaymaya neden olan heterojenik yoğunlukta dev kitle izlendi. Liposarkomun komplet cerrahi rezeksiyonu yapıldı. Cerrahi sonrası yapılan patolojik inceleme sonucu plevral liposarkom olarak bildirildi. Bu yazıda plevral liposarkom tedavisi literatür eşliğinde tartışıldı.A 57-year-old female with obesity was admitted to the emergency service with the complaint of severe dyspnea and chest pain. Chest X-ray showed opacity occupying left hemithorax completely and the right mediastinal shift. Thoracic computed tomography indicated a heterogeneous density of a giant mass in the left hemithorax and right mediastinal shift. Complete surgical resection of the liposarcoma was performed. The pathological examination following surgery suggested pleural liposarcoma. In this article, treatment of pleural liposarcoma was discussed in the light of literature review

The Effects of Ketamine, Midazolam and Ketamine/Xylazine on Acute Lung Injury Induced by alpha-Naphthylthiourea in Rats

WOS: 000342277100003PubMed: 24979504Objectives. Ketamine is a drug used in human and veterinary medicine, primarily for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, analgesia (particularly in emergency medicine), and treatment of bronchospasm. Midazolam is the preferred drug in intensive care units for sedation and anesthesia. Ketamine/xylazine combination is used as an anesthetic agent in veterinary medicine and experimental animals. Aside from anaesthetic properties, these agents can cause physiologic and metabolic alterations and modulate and improve the inflammatory responses. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of ketamine, midazolam, and veterinary and experimentally used ketamine/xylazine combination in acute lung injury induced by alpha-naphthylthiourea (ANTU). Material and Methods. ANTU was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) in rats at the dose of 10 mg/kg. Ketamine (15, and 50 mg/kg, i.p.), midazolam (2 and 4 mg/kg, i.p.), and ketamine/xylazine (50/10 mg/kg, i.p.) administered to rats 30 min prior to ANTU. Four hours later, the lung weight/body weight (LW/BW) ratio and pleural effusion (PE) were measured. Histopathological changes were documented in each lung tissue, including intra-alveolar hemorrhage, alveolar edema and inflammation. The severity of the lung injury was scored (0-3). Results. Ketamine, midazolam and ketamine/xylazine had a significant prophylactic effect on pleural effusion formation at all doses and significantly reduced pleural effusion. Ketamine caused a significant reduction of inflammation, hemorrhage and edema scoring and midazolam (2 mg/kg) and ketamine/xylazine caused a significant reduction of inflammation and edema scoring. Conclusions. It can be concluded that ketamine and midazolam may attenuate lung injuries induced by ANTU. In addition to their anesthetic or sedative properties, the prophylactic effects of these agents on lung tissue damage will contribute to the treatment of intensive care unit diseases including acute lung injury. Similarly, the effects of these agents on lung pathophysiology should be considered in experimental applications.Bulent Ecevit University's Office of Research and Sponsored ProgramsBulent Ecevit University [2009-42-01-01]This study was supported by intramural funding from Bulent Ecevit University's Office of Research and Sponsored Programs (No. 2009-42-01-01

Osteoklast benzeri dev hücreler içeren faringeal skuamöz hücreli karsinom: Olgu sunumu ve literatürün gözden geçirilmesi

Benign osteoklast benzeri multinükleer dev hücrelerin, kemik ve yumuşak doku tümörleri dışındaki tümörlere eşlik etmesi nadir bir histopatolojik bulgudur. Skuamöz hücreli karsinomlarda ise çok daha nadiren saptanmaktadır. Bir yıl önce hipofarengeal skuamöz hücreli karsinom nedeniyle opere olan 52 yaşındaki kadın hastada, nazofarinkste saptanan tümöre biyopsi yapıldı. Histopatolojik olarak skuamoid diferansiasyon gösteren atipik epitelyal hücrelerin oluşturduğu tümöral infiltrasyonun yanı sıra tümör dokusunu infiltre eden, geniş eozinofilik sitoplazmalı ve ortalama 10-20 nükleus içeren dev hücreler dikkati çekti. Dev hücrelerde atipi ve mitoz izlenmedi. İmmünhistokimyasal olarak tümör hücrelerinde pankeratin ve EMA ile dev hücrelerde ise LCA, CD68 ve Mac 387 ile reaksiyon gözlendi. Olguya, multinükleer dev hücrelerin eşlik ettiği orta derecede diferansiye skuamöz hücreli karsinom tanısı verildi. Olgumuzda tümörü infiltre eden dev hücrelerin benign karakterde ve monositik/histiyositik kökenli olduğu saptandı. Geniş olgu serilerinde yapılacak çalışmalar, bu histolojik özelliğin klinik ve prognostik önemine yönelik güvenilir bilgiler sağlayacaktır.Benign osteoclast-like multinuclear giant cells are rarely found in tumors other than bone and soft tissue neoplasms, and they are even rarer in squamous cell carcinomas. We examined a nasopharyngeal tumor from a 52-year-old female who had undergone surgery one year earlier for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathologically, in addition to tumor infiltration by atypical epithelial cells with squamoid differentiation, giant cells with 10-20 nuclei and a large amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm were seen infiltrating the tumor. The giant cells did not show atypia or mitosis. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells stained for pan-keratin and epithelial membrane antigen, and the giant cells were positive for leukocyte common antigen, CD68, and Mac 387. This case was diagnosed as moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with multinuclear giant cells. In this case, the giant cells infiltrating the tumor were benign and of monocytic/histiocytic origin. Studies including large case series are needed to obtain reliable information on the clinical and prognostic importance of this histological feature

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast: A case report in a review of current literature

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast is a rare malignancy considered a subtype of metaplastic breast carcinomas. Here we presented a case of 56-year-old female patient with a history of modified radical mastectomy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy for invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast in 2005. After eleven years primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast has been detected in the left breast. Any other localization were screened for squamous cell carcinoma but there was no localization beyond the breast. The case was discussed and complied in a review of current literature

Protective effect of dexmedetomidine in a rat model of alpha-naphthylthioureae-induced acute lung injury

Background: We assessed the effects of dexmedetomidine in a rat model of alpha-naphthylthiourea (ANTU)-induced acute lung injury