Kebutuhan Sistem Informasi Komunikasi Pasar Tepat Waktu Bagi Pemasaran Lokal, Domestik, dan Ekspor Produk Agribisnis Kabupaten Kerinci

Fenomena yang terjadi selama ini pengusaha agribisnis/petani produsen belum menggunakan jasa sistem informasi komunikasi pasar tepat waktu. Sehingga pengusaha agribisnis tidak mengetahui harga pasar yang sebenarnya sehingga menjual produk dengan harga murah, produsen akan selalu dirugikan karena menjual produk dengan harga murah, pendapatan petani produsen tetap selalu rendah dan hidup di bawah garis kemiskinan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode riset partisipatoris yaitu kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti mengikuti dan memahami serta membahas masalah-masalah yang dihadapi masyarakat produsen/pedagang agribisnis dan juga melakukan pola pembinaannya. Untuk itu, peneliti bertemu langsung dengan masyarakat produsen/pedagang agribisnis dan menjalin persahabatan dengan sejumlah anggota masyarakat dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan penelitian. Metode ini berdampingan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Descriptive analysis untuk menjawab masalah yang memerlukan keterangan, gambaran dan sejenisnya secara faktual dan aktual. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah populasi terhingga. Sampel Penelitian ada di wilayah sentra produksi agribisnis Kecamatan Kayu Aro Kabupaten Kerinci. Hasil penelitian, pengusaha agribisnis terutama petani agribisnis sebagian belum menggunakan komunikasi pasar tepat waktu dan sebagian sudah menggunakan komunikasi pasar tepat waktu. Bagi pedagang perantara sudah melakukan sistem informasi komunikasi pasar tepat waktu baik untuk pemasaran lokal, domestik dan ekspor dan dapat menggunakannya dengan baik dan benar. Pengusaha agribisnis sudah dibina untuk dapat mengetahui harga pasar dengan menggunakan media komunikasi telepon rumah dan handphone. Oleh karena itu petani produsen dan pedagang agribisnis agar membentuk jejaring informasi komunikasi pasar pada semua pedagang agen di luar provinsi dan semua pedagang agen di luar pulau dan membentuk wadah persatuan informasi harga serta bersatu dalam menentukan harga pasar dan tidak saling menjatuhkan harga

The Ct values from qPCR for E4 and ML <i>in vitro</i> transcription assays by primer extension under the conditions with or without reverse transcriptase.

<p>No RT LF/LR: <i>In vitro</i> transcription assay with mock primer extension but without reverse transcriptase, then detected by qPCR using luciferase gene primer pair (LF/LR). No RT L/G: <i>In vitro</i> transcription assay with mock primer extension but without reverse transcriptase, then detected by qPCR using luciferase versus GFP gene primer pair (L/G). RT L/G: <i>In vitro</i> transcription assay including primer extension and with reverse transcriptase then detected by qPCR using luciferase versus GFP gene primer pair (L/G). SD: Standard Deviation.</p><p>The Ct values from qPCR for E4 and ML <i>in vitro</i> transcription assays by primer extension under the conditions with or without reverse transcriptase.</p

Validation of the novel method by analysis of core promoter elements.

<p>A) The analysis of basalactivator-independent transcription of the wild type E4 promoter and an E4 derivative that contains a defective BRE. B) The analysis of basal activator-independent transcription of the wild type ML promoter and an ML derivative that contains a defective BRE. C) The effect of TFIIB mutation (G153Q:R154A) on the activity of basal transcription for the E4 promoter (left panel) and ML promoter (right panel) using TFIIB-depleted and non—depleted NE supplemented with wild type TFIIB or its mutant. D) Analysis of transcription activation usingthe promoters BRE-mTATA (BREmT) and mBRE-mTATA (mBREmT), using nonradioactive <i>in vitro</i> transcription assay. E) As in part D but using a conventional <i>in vitro</i> transcription assay followed by electrophoresis and detection by autoradiography. F) The AdML promoter derivatives BRE-mTATA (BREmT) and mBRE-mTATA (mBREmT)linked to a luciferase reporter were co-transfected with a vector driving expression of the activator GAL4-VP16. 48 hours later the cells were lysed and luciferase activity was quantified. Each bar represents the mean of at least three independent experiments with standard deviation. The symbol “*” represents P≤0.05, the symbol “**” represents P≤0.01,the p values were obtained by performing <i>t t</i>est.</p

Hurricane Sandy Anonymised DSO Data

This data set includes simulated data on large scale power outages occurred at Upstate New York during Super Storm Sandy. Data sets on power outages occurred during daily operations are also provided

The Ct values and quantity from qPCR for the E4 reporter vector with or without experiencing the DNA template depletion.

<p>E4 ctrl1: E4 reporter vector without Trizol and acidic phenol extraction but including the first precipitation, E4 (1): E4 reporter vector with Trizol and acidic phenol extraction and the first precipitation, E4 ctrl2: E4 reporter vector without Trizol, acidic phenol extraction and DNase I digestion but including the first and second precipitation. E4 (2): E4 reporter vector with Trizol, acidic phenol extraction and DNase I digestion and the first and second precipitation. SD: Standard Deviation.</p><p>The Ct values and quantity from qPCR for the E4 reporter vector with or without experiencing the DNA template depletion.</p

A novel <i>in vitro</i> transcription assay using DNA template depletion, primer extension and qPCR.

<p>(A) Schematic of the approach used for the DNA template depletion. (B) A standard curve plotted with average Ct value against—log of DNA template quantity (ng). The standard curve was generated by using DNA constructs containing the luciferase gene (pGL3-E4) and qPCR performed with reporter gene primers(LF/LR), the standard curve was used to determine the quantity of DNA template after depletion. (C) A scheme for detecting <i>in vitro</i> transcription products using specially designed primers; ① represents the transcription products after the DNA template depletion, which includes the remaining DNA template (circle) and RNA transcript (wave line), ② represents primer extension using a GFP oligonucleotide-tagged luciferase gene reverse primer, in which the GFP oligonucleotide (grey line) linked with the luciferase oligonucleotide ((-))is complementary to luciferase gene RNA transcript (the black straight line and (+)). ③ represents qPCR using cDNA template and the luciferase gene forward primer (black arrow) and GFP gene reverse primer (grey arrow); (-) represents the cDNA template derived from the primer extension, (+) represents the DNA template from the first amplification of the cDNA. LF/LR: Luciferase gene primer pair. (D) Transcription analyses of the E4 promoter under conditions with (E4a) or without the activator GAL4-AH (E4b). (E) Transcription analysis of the ML promoter with (MLa) or without the activator GAL4-AH (MLb). Each bar represents the mean of at least three independent experiments with standard deviation, the symbol “* *” represents P≤0.01, the p values were obtained by performing <i>t</i> test.</p

The analysis of viability for mammalian cells treated at different temperatures and its application in cell shipment

<div><p>Mammalian cells are very important experimental materials and widely used in biological and medical research fields. It is often required that mammalian cells are transported from one laboratory to another to meet with various researches. Conventional methods for cell shipment are laborious and costive despite of maintaining high viability. In this study we aimed to develop a simple and low-cost method for cell shipment by investigating the viabilities of different cell lines treated at different temperatures. We show that the viability of mammalian cells incubated at 1°C or 5°C significantly reduced when compared with that at 16°C or 22°C. Colony formation assays revealed that preservation of mammalian cells at 1°C or 5°C led to a poorer recovery than that at 16°C or 22°C. The data from proliferation and apoptotic assays confirmed that M2 cells could continue to proliferate at 16°C or 22°C, but massive death was caused by apoptosis at 1°C or 5°C. The morphology of mammalian cells treated under hypothermia showed little difference from that of the untreated cells. Quantitative RT-PCR and alkaline phosphatase staining confirmed that hypothermic treatment did not change the identity of mouse embryonic stem cells. A case study showed that mammalian cells directly suspended in culture medium were able to be shipped for long distance and maintained a high level of viability and recovery. Our findings not only broaden the understanding to the effect of hypothermia on the viability of mammalian cells, but also provide an alternative approach for cell shipment.</p></div

Lewis Acid Catalyzed Cascade Reaction to Carbazoles and Naphthalenes via Dehydrative [3 + 3]-Annulation

A novel Lewis acid catalyzed dehydrative [3 + 3]-annulation of readily available benzylic alcohols and propargylic alcohols was developed to give polysubstituted carbazoles and naphthalenes in moderate to good yields with water as the only byproduct. The reaction was presumed to proceed via a cascade process involving Friedel–Crafts-type allenylation, 1,5-hydride shift, 6π-eletrocyclization, and Wagner–Meerwein rearrangement

Mammalian cell lines maintain a high level of viability after shipment for long distance at ambient temperature.

<p>A) A scheme showing how mammalian cell lines were treated, packed and transported as well as the time consumed. B) The effect of shipment method on the viabilities of mammalian cell lines. Mammalian cells were treated and transported as described in A. At the destination, the viabilities for mammalian cell lines were analyzed as <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0176120#pone.0176120.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1D</a>. Each bar represents of the mean of triplicate samples with standard deviation. Significant difference between treatments was analyzed as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0176120#pone.0176120.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1D</a>. *represents P<0.05 P value was obtained by student <i>t</i> test. C) Colony formation analysis for mammalian cell lines. Mammalian cell lines were treated and transported as described in A. At the destination, the cells were used for colony formation assays as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0176120#pone.0176120.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1E</a>.</p

The effect of hypothermic treatment on the viabilities of suspension, primary and mouse ES cells.

<p>A) Analysis of fluorescence staining for K562 cells stored under hypothermia. K562 cells stored at indicated temperatures and stained at different time points as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0176120#pone.0176120.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1C</a>. The scale bars represent 50 μm. B) The effect of hypothermia on the viability of K562 cells. K562 cells were treated and stained as in A. The viability was obtained as <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0176120#pone.0176120.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1B</a>. C) The analysis of viability for MEF primary cells stored under hypothermia. The treated MEF cells were analyzed as in B. D) The effect of hypothermia on the viability of mouse ES cells. Stem cells were cultured as described above, viability were analyzed as in B. E) Colony formation analysis for mouse embryonic stem cells. 1000 of treated cells were seeded and cultured in 12-well plate. After growing 10 days, cell colonies were stained as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0176120#pone.0176120.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1E</a>. Each bar in B-D represents the mean of three independent experiments with standard deviation (SD). Significant difference was analyzed as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0176120#pone.0176120.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1D</a>. *represents P<0.05, ** represents P<0.01; P values were obtained by student <i>t</i> test.</p