Impacts of F2 derived winter bread wheat progenies on callus production and regeneration frequencies through anther culture

Anther culture is one of the most feasible techniques to obtain doubled haploid(DH) plants. In this study, anther culture responses of F2 derived bread wheat hybrids ofYektay406 × Altay 2000, Demir2000 × Soyer02, Atlı2002 × Müfitbey, Müfitbey × Atlı2002,Müfitbey × Eser, Müfitbey × Bezostaya were assessed to clarify the genotype-basedreactions under tissue culture conditions. Firstly, twenty five spikes which were grown indry land, collected from F2 hybrid plants. A total of 10.963 inoculated F2 anthers formed to188 callus in the primary hormone-free MN6 media. Some of the calli produced hybridgroups did not generate any haploid plantlet in regeneration media. Regenerationfrequencies of Demir2000 × Soyer02 and Müfitbey × Atlı2002 hybrids were 30.76% and63.63% respectively. F2 anthers of Müfitbey × Atlı2002 produced 121 callus, 10 albino and77 haploid plantlets. In contrary, Atlı2002 × Müfitbey produced only 26 callus, 3 albinoand zero haploid plantlets. Other corresponding hybrids of Müfitbey × Eser and Müfitbey× Bezostaya generated 9 and 13 callus, while the least number of callus was detected inYektay406 × Altay 2000. A correlation between callus number and haploid plantletnumber per 100 anther revealed a positive relationship for each F2 progeny (r = 0.988, P <0.01). Our results significantly indicated that Müfitbey cultivar might be used an effectiveanther source for DH wheat production

Harmonic Effects on Electromechanical Overcurrent Relays

Elektromekanik aşırı akım koruma röleleri sinüsoidal akım altında çalışmak üzere tasarlanmıştır. Bu rölelerin harmonikli akımda çalışmaları güvenilir değildir. Literatürde harmonikler ve rölelerle ilgili pek çok teorik çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu makalede, harmoniklerin elektromekanik ters zamanlı aşırı akım rölesinin (TZAAR) çalışmasına etkileri incelenmiş ve TZAAR’nin bozulmuş dalga şekilleri için davranışı deneysel çalışma ile analiz edilmiştir. Deneyde, elektromekanik TZAAR olarak, indüksiyon disk yapısında bir röle kullanılmıştır. Değişik harmonik spektrumlara sahip, sinüsoidal olmayan yük akımları TZAAR’a uygulanmış ve bu yük akımları data toplama kartı ve harmonik analiz programı ile bilgisayar ortamında işlenmiştir. Deney sonuçları gözönüne alındığında, TZAAR’ın çalışma akımı ve çalışma zamanının, sinüsoidal olmayan akımın toplam harmonik distorsiyonu (THD) ile orantılı olarak arttığı görülmüştür. Bu yapıda olan bir rolenin, akımın harmonik içermesi durumunda sistemi güvenli bir şekilde koruyamayacağı sonucu elde edilmiştir.The electromechanical overcurrent protection relays are designed to operate with sinusoidal current. The operation of protective relay with harmonic currents is not reliable. The literature on harmonics and relays covers mostly the theoretical studies. In this paper, the harmonic effects on operation of electromechanical inverse time overcurrent relay (ITOCR) were examined. Not common in existing studies, the behaviour of ITOCR was analysed with laboratory experiments for distorted waveforms. A type of induction disc relay was used as an electromechanical ITOCR in the experiments. The non-sinusoidal load currents that consist of different harmonic spectra were applied to ITOCR and these nonlinear-load currents were processed by a data acquisition card and a harmonic analysis programme in the computer environment. According to the experiment results, the pick up current and the operating time of the ITOCR increase proportionally to the total harmonic distortion (THD) value of the non-sinusoidal current. It is concluded that, this type of relay cannot protect the system reliably due to the harmonic components of current

Determining damages in ceramic plates by using discrete wavelet packet transform and support vector machine

In this study, an analysis was conducted by using discrete wavelet packet transform (DWPT) and support vector machine (SVM) methods to determine undamaged and cracked plates. The pendulum was used to land equal impacts on plates in this experimental study. Sounds, which emerge from plates as a result of the impacts applied to undamaged and cracked plates, are sound signals used in the analysis and DWPT of these sound signals were obtained with 128 decompositions for feature extraction. The first four components, reflecting the characteristics of undamaged and cracked plates within these 128 components, were selected for enhancing the performance of the classifier and energy values were used as feature vectors. In the study, the SVM model was created by selecting appropriate C and γ parameters for the classifier. Undamaged and cracked plates were seen to be successfully identified by an analysis of the training and testing phases. Undamaged and cracked statuses of the plates that are undamaged and have the analysis had identified different cracks. The biggest advantage of this analysis method used is that it is high-precision, is relatively low in cost regarding experimental equipment and requires hardware

Brand elevation in supply chains

In the last decades supply chain management has been explored from different perspectives fueling a myriad of research in the field. Although the literature on supply chain management (SCM) is vast, major gaps requiring scientific exploration still exist. Among these, interaction of branding and supply chain concepts clearly stands out. The aim of this paper is to investigate the power of brand in supply chains by taking literature devoted to supply chain management into consideration, relationship marketing and brand management. This paper explores the power of brand in terms of SCM and it defines the concept of “brand elevation in supply chain”. The objectives of this study are thus twofold: identifying “brand elevation in supply chain” concept and proposing a conceptual model associated to the power of brand in supply chains

Self-Directed Learning and Intrinsic Motivation Levels in MOOCs

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the intrinsic motivation levels and self-directed learning levels of learners within a massive open online course environment. In addition, the relationship between these variables and the technology competences/average daily use times of technology were also studied. This study was conducted with predictive design, one of the relational design types. In this context, a personal information form, self-directed learning scale and intrinsic motivation scale were used as data collection tools. The study had 295 participants who completed at least one full course in “Akadema”, the massive online open course platform of Anadolu University. The results obtained from the study indicate a near-medium level positive statistically significant level of correlation between the self-directed learning and intrinsic motivation levels of learners. Furthermore, the regression analysis conducted in the study resulted in the self-directed learning levels explaining intrinsic motivation levels at a 20.5% ratio. Based on the findings of the study, various recommendations were made regarding developing the technology competences and self-directed learning skills of students

A new framework for supply chain risk management through supply chain management capability

Supply chain risk management is considered as one of the most powerful competitive tools for the companies. Therefore, the concept has caught the attention of researchers especially in the recent years. However, supply chain risk management has not been examined in the literature by considering the maturity and capability levels of supply chain members. This study aims to address this gap and develops a new framework on supply chain risk management which focuses on different supply chain orientation levels of the supply chains members. The framework proposed in this study is named as “Supply Chain Management Capability Model”. This model is the first attempt to illustrate the required supply chain risk management capabilities of companies for different supply chain orientation levels. This model presents developing supply chain structures with increasing orientation levels, which also serve for Business to Business (B2B) and relationship marketing purposes. The results of this study show that supply chain members’ capability levels also vary in terms of sustainability dimension. The results of the study provide relevant findings both to guide practitioners and motivate researchers to conduct further studies in this are

University Students’ Preferences about Savings and Investments at Individual and National level in the 21st Century: The Case of Turkey

This paper aims to capture the favored both national and individual saving and investment perceptions of the Turkish youth. Also, the research contributes to the understanding of the common preferences of the youth and focuses on perceptions over their home country’s saving-investment decisions. We reason, it is important to evaluate views of the youth on national savings and investments as they will be both the decision-makers determining the economic and social policies of the near future and the ones that are directly impacted by these policies implemented today. For this purpose, a questionnaire is applied to randomly selected 550 university students in Turkey and the results are analyzed by the chi-square test. Accordingly, students have mostly preferred that investments should be primarily made to the education sector at national level while investment made for the social security system is placed on the last rank. In addition, education is the most important individual investment choice of participants. On the other hand, information technologies, energy, and agriculture are identified as the most significant investment areas, which could be potentially increased the global competitiveness of their home country. Another important outcome of this research is that students prefer to invest their individual savings in gold and real estate investments, respectively