Evaluation of rolling contact fatigue resistance for coated components

The thesis reviews and studies current evaluation mechanisms, techniques and machines for testing rolling contact fatigue failure resistance and load capacity of coated components. The thesis investigates both normal and accelerated rolling contact fatigue evaluation test mechanisms and their models, and evaluation test technique principles suitable to the appraisal of coated bearing components. A major contribution of the thesis is the design and development of a new rolling contact fatigue evaluation test machine for coated components. Tests of the rolling contact fatigue of coated bearing raceways under the oil lubricant, grease lubricant and no lubricant conditions, applying the new rolling contact fatigue evaluation mechanisms, evaluation technique principles and the new test machine, have been performed. The accelerated rolling contact fatigue tests of the coated bearing raceways use SiC powder in the oil lubricant.The new rolling contact fatigue test machine has been found suitable for evaluating the rolling contact fatigue resistance of components with superhard coatings. The accelerated rolling contact fatigue test method has been shown to give comparable rolling contact fatigue test results to those obtained in a normal rolling contact fatigue test, while being much faster. In the fatigue test, the cyclic maximum shear stress produces an initial fatigue crack near the substrate surface of the test bearing raceways. The observed phenomena are consistent with theory, although the location of the initial crack is much closer to the surface than would be predicted by a 'static' Hertzian analysis. Insufficient traction forces on the contact surface between the rolling elements of a test coated bearing makes gross skidding occur, leading to rapid wear, over-heating and final failure of the test coated bearing. The LSO fatigue life of the test coated bearing raceway tends to decrease with increase of the coating thickness and coating hardness of the test coated bearing raceway

An unusual morphology and crystallization behavior in in situ formed polyphenylene oxide/polyamide 6 blends

Novel polyphenylene oxide/polyamide 6 (PPO/ PA6) blends were synthesized via in situ polymerization of e-caprolactam with PPO dissolved in it. The introduction of 10 wt% PPO into PPO/PA6 led to phase inversion of the blends, which was nearly completed by incorporating 15 wt% PPO into the blends. A single crystallization temperature (Tc) of PA6 was detected for PPO/PA6 with 1–4 wt% PPO, while double Tc existed in the blends with 6–15 wt% PPO. After eliminating previous thermal his tory, PPO/PA6 containing no more than 6 wt% PPO gave a single melting point (Tm), but the blends with 10–15 wt% PPO exhibited double Tm. Increasing PPO content in PA6 resulted in the transformation of its crystal form from a-crystal to c-crystal, which might be attributed to hin drance of crystallization of PA6 particles in PPO-rich phase.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg inequality for biharmonic equations with inhomogeneous term and Rellich potential

In this article, multiplicity of nontrivial solutions for an inhomogeneous singular biharmonic equation with Rellich potential are studied. Firstly, a negative energy solution of the studied equations is achieved via the Ekeland’s variational principle and Caffarelli–Kohn–Nirenberg inequality. Then by applying Mountain pass theorem lack of Palais–Smale conditions, the second solution with positive energy is also obtained

How the size of a city’s immigrant population influences feelings of trust and safety in urban Europe

Does immigration affect the way that residents of a city perceive their social environment? Drawing on new research, Kevin T. Smiley and Yulin Yang explain that the size of the immigrant population in a city has an impact on feelings of trust and safety among residents, but this effect depends crucially on the population size of the city

Tribological performances of fabric self-lubricating liner with different weft densities under severe working conditions

Several woven fabric self-lubricating liners with weft densities of 200-450 root/10cm in a spacing of 50 root/10cm have been prepared to investigate the tribological performances of the liner under severe working conditions, such as low velocity and heavy load (110, 179 and 248 MPa) and high velocity and light load (9, 18 and 27 m/min) by utilizing the self-lubricating liner performance assessment tester, and MMU-5G friction and wear tester respectively. The worn surface is characterized using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The tribological results show that the fabric self-lubricating liners with different weft densities share almost the same tribological property variation tendency. Fabric tightness affects the wear rate and the stability of wear resistance of liners under severe working conditions. The overall level of friction coefficient and the wear rate of liners with different weft densities are influenced by the cold flow degree of the polymer. In addition, proper weft density improves the tribological properties of liner and a preferred weft density for the liner under severe working conditions is found to be 300-350 root/10cm

Multi-Visual-Inertial System: Analysis, Calibration and Estimation

In this paper, we study state estimation of multi-visual-inertial systems (MVIS) and develop sensor fusion algorithms to optimally fuse an arbitrary number of asynchronous inertial measurement units (IMUs) or gyroscopes and global and(or) rolling shutter cameras. We are especially interested in the full calibration of the associated visual-inertial sensors, including the IMU or camera intrinsics and the IMU-IMU(or camera) spatiotemporal extrinsics as well as the image readout time of rolling-shutter cameras (if used). To this end, we develop a new analytic combined IMU integration with intrinsics-termed ACI3-to preintegrate IMU measurements, which is leveraged to fuse auxiliary IMUs and(or) gyroscopes alongside a base IMU. We model the multi-inertial measurements to include all the necessary inertial intrinsic and IMU-IMU spatiotemporal extrinsic parameters, while leveraging IMU-IMU rigid-body constraints to eliminate the necessity of auxiliary inertial poses and thus reducing computational complexity. By performing observability analysis of MVIS, we prove that the standard four unobservable directions remain - no matter how many inertial sensors are used, and also identify, for the first time, degenerate motions for IMU-IMU spatiotemporal extrinsics and auxiliary inertial intrinsics. In addition to the extensive simulations that validate our analysis and algorithms, we have built our own MVIS sensor rig and collected over 25 real-world datasets to experimentally verify the proposed calibration against the state-of-the-art calibration method such as Kalibr. We show that the proposed MVIS calibration is able to achieve competing accuracy with improved convergence and repeatability, which is open sourced to better benefit the community