Algoritma Heuristik untuk Menentukan Biaya Crashing Minimum pada Project Network dengan Dua Jalur Kritis: Studi Kasus Proyek Produksi Electrical House oleh PT X

PT X is a company engaged in the production of the module, ship relay station (Electrical House)as well as oil and gas mining equipment. The company uses a project-based production system in the production process of that equipment. Type of project usually performed is the Engineering-Procurement-Construction (EPC) project. EPC is a type of project that involves process engineering, material procurement, and products construction. PT X main product is a module or electrical house (E-House). Activities can be disrupted by a variety of conditions in the project implementation phase, such as weather and other unforeseen events. These conditions can hamper the process and affect the performance on the field.Activity scheduling and load out process which often suffer from delays caused project deadlines are often past the limit is given by the client. As in the case of E-House project examined in this study, its implementation has been delayed and should be accelerated for 8days. Therefore, the crashing project can greatly assist in adjusting the implementation plan with the actual condition. Crashing project analysis conducted based on project network diagram. The critical path is determined using Critical Path Method (CPM). Based on analysis results, project execution time can be shortened up to 8 days earlier. (From the normal time of 94 days to 86 days) at the cost $ 4.203.093,25.

Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pengendalian Kualitas pada Laboratorium Proses IV PT X

Effectiveness and efficiency can improve the performance of manufacturing companies. Such improvements can be achieved through the application of web-based applications. PT X is one of cement producers in Indonesia and to maintain its competitive advantage, PT X establishes several Process Laboratory responsible for its product quality control activities. One of them is Process Laboratory IV. Process Laboratory IV is still using spreadsheet based information system so that most of the activities and evaluation are still run manually. Some weaknesses are still encountered such as slow information flow rates, minimum levels of information security, and the potential for various forms of fraud. This research was conducted to design more efficient quality control information system through implementation of web based application. The information systems design created by building: (a) Business process diagrams (b) Use case diagrams, (c) Class diagrams, (d) Entity relationship diagrams, and (e) Databases, followed by web-based application design based on the results of information system design. The system design involves four actors with different authority and access levels to minimize information security issues. Through these conditions various forms of fraud can also be minimized. In addition, the system design also improves the information flow efficiency by eliminating the activity of re-input set point data. It can be concluded that the design of information systems with web-based applications have been able to help improve efficiency and minimize the weaknesses of current existing information systems in the PT X Process Laboratory IV

An Assessment Framework for Small-Scale Coal Mining Based on Lean Thinking and Green Mining Concept

Coal mining is one of Indonesia's important industrial sectors. However, the industry is also often seen as a major cause of landscape destruction and environmental unsustainability, especially by small-scale mining. This study aims to develop an assessment framework for small-scale mining based on the concept of lean thinking and green mining. Those concept can be used to ensure that the assessment process is oriented towards good mining practices and environmental conservation efforts. Focus of the study is coal mining business located in the city of Sawahlunto. The study was conducted using descriptive method with interview as primary data collection technique. In addition to primary data, secondary data are also collected from official documents, books, and reports on mining research in the city of Sawahlunto. Validation of criteria and indicators in the assessment framework is done using Focus Group Discussion (FGD) techniques with expert teams consisting of government, mining practitioners and academics. The proposed assessment framework consists of total 10 assessment criteria with 55 indicator

Manufaktur Berkelanjutan Pada Sampah Elektronik: Kasus Sampah Kulkas

The growth of the Wastes from Electric and Electronic Equipments (WEEEs) or e-waste is presently considered to be one of the rapid increasing wastes streams in the large city of Indonesia. Concurrently, the urban mining activities for e-waste by informal sectors have potential on the economic, social and environment dimension. The three dimensions form a triple bottom line that supports the principles of sustainability in the manufacturing. In this research, the observation in some remote areas in Padang is conducted to find out the model of e-waste collection system activities from the household and its economic potential, especially for refrigerators e-waste. The result shows that minimaly there are three models of the e-waste collecting system for refrigerator e-wastes. The model involves all the parties in urban mining activities such as e-waste collectorsfrom household, repair shops, collectors who continue the re-assembly and classify the e-waste and final collectors who did the cleaning, crushing, packing and transporting e-waste to another city to do the recycling process. In this e-waste collecting model the components of refrigerator e-waste could be reused, remanufactured and recycled. From the reassembly of therefrigerators it is obtained the material composition of 58.1% iron, 26.3% plastic,10.9% styrofoam 10.9%, 2.1% aluminum, 1.8% copper pipe, and 0.8% others. The highest cumulative retained value is obtained from this collecting system ranged between IDR 230.200 to 355.200, where some second-hand components may still be inreuse and remanufacture. This price is equivalent to 14.9% to 22.1% the purchase price of a new refrigerator.The growth of the Wastes from Electric and Electronic Equipments (WEEEs) or e-waste is presently considered to be one of the rapid increasing wastes streams in the large city of Indonesia. Concurrently, the urban mining activities for e-waste by informal sectors have potential on the economic, social and environment dimension. The three dimensions form a triple bottom line that supports the principles of sustainability in the manufacturing. In this research, the observation in some remote areas in Padang is conducted to find out the model of e-waste collection system activities from the household and its economic potential, especially for refrigerators e-waste. The result shows that minimaly there are three models of the e-waste collecting system for refrigerator e-wastes. The model involves all the parties in urban mining activities such as e-waste collectorsfrom household, repair shops, collectors who continue the re-assembly and classify the e-waste and final collectors who did the cleaning, crushing, packing and transporting e-waste to another city to do the recycling process. In this e-waste collecting model the components of refrigerator e-waste could be reused, remanufactured and recycled. From the reassembly of therefrigerators it is obtained the material composition of 58.1% iron, 26.3% plastic,10.9% styrofoam 10.9%, 2.1% aluminum, 1.8% copper pipe, and 0.8% others. The highest cumulative retained value is obtained from this collecting system ranged between IDR 230.200 to 355.200, where some second-hand components may still be inreuse and remanufacture. This price is equivalent to 14.9% to 22.1% the purchase price of a new refrigerator

Portofolio Optimal dan Pengelompokan Perusahaan Berdasarkan Pengaruh Komoditas Dunia

The awarding of investment grade to Indonesian Stock Exchange marked an excellent development in the national capital market. This could be the key to attracting foreign investors that will further integrate the Indonesia capital market with international markets. Increasingly integrated capital market will also be more vulnerable to international issues such as the volatility of global stock indices as well as the volatility of world commodity prices (crude oil, CPO, gold etc.) as indicated by IHSG response to these issues. To minimize risk and maximize the return are the main goal of investment. Both of these two objectives can be achieved through stocks diversification and the portfolio development. Optimal portfolio requires the right stocks diversification. Therefore, investor needs to have information about which stocks are affected and unaffected by world commodity prices prior to diversifying. The goal of this research is to examine the way to form optimal portfolio from the group of companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange and affected by world commodity prices. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) method used for stationary test of time series data and residual regression models. Regression Analysis conducted for co-integration test between commodity prices and IHSG. Error Correction Model used for correcting short-term errors. Optimal portfolio formed with Single Index Model and Treynor Index used to measure the optimal portfolio performance. Result of the study showed that gold, crude oil, platinum, rubber, corn, cotton, and Arabica coffee are the global commodities that can be used to predict the direction of IHSG movement

Antara Desain Dan Product-Service Systems: Suatu Tinjauan Literatur

Persaingan bisnis global yang semakin ketat telah menyebabkan terjadinya pergeseran paradigma bisnis dari product-oriented menjadi penyediaan solusi yang memuaskan kebutuhan konsumen. Hal ini telah mendorong kemunculan konsep Product-Service Systems (PSS). Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas hubungan antara konsep desain dan PSS berdasarkan literatur yang tersedia. Berdasarkan kajian yang dilakukan terhadap berbagai literatur tersebut dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa PSS merupakan konsep yang diyakini sebagai jalan menuju sustainability melalui integrasi antara produk dan jasa dalam penyediaan solusi yang memenuhi kebutuhan spesifik konsumen. Proses desain PSS perlu memperhatikan kebutuhan konsumen dan stakeholder yang terkait melalui penggunaan metode dan pendekatan yang mampu mengintegrasikan pengembangan produk dan jasa dalam perspektif waktu yang sama.Evaluasi untuk mendukung keberhasilan implementasi PSS dapat dilakukan berdasarkan aspek sustainability, life cycle cost maupun berdasarkan perspektif konsumen dan penyedia.Keywords: Product-Service Systems, sustainability, desain, evaluasi, perbaika

Perancangan Model Pengukuran Kinerja Rantai Pasok Berbasis Lean dan Green menggunakan Balance Scorecard di PT. P&P Lembah Karet

Rapid technological developments helped bring an increase in the level of business competition. Competitive business strategies required to address the challenges of business competition. PT P&P Lembah Karet is a company engaged in the plantation and crumb rubber processing industry. Marketing area is scattered inside and outside the country led to the supply chain performance become one of the important issues in the company. The use of Lean and Green concept in the supply chain system can become a competitive advantage for PT. P&P Lembah Karet to create a more effective and efficient supply chain strategy in terms of expenditure and environmental impact. Performance measurement is required to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of these two concepts implementation in the supply chain companies.Performance measurement system was developed based on four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC): financial, customer, internal business processes, learning and growth. Key Performance Indicator (KPI) which is used as a measurement basis is formulated through the concept of lean and green. The weight value of each KPI is determined using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with relevant experts as respondents. Respondents selected based on the experience and knowledge, especially experience and knowledge that relevant with the topic of this research. The weight value determined the order of KPI priority. Face validity is used to validate the performance measurement model. Data processing and analysis yielded 25 lean and green-based KPIs that are relevant to crumb rubber supply chain at PT. P&P Lembah Karet with 3 KPI for financial perspective, 4 KPI for customer perspective, 11 KPI for internal business process perspective and 7 KPI for learning and growth perspective. The structure of designed models showed that customer perspective is the most priority aspects.Rapid technological developments helped bring an increase in the level of business competition. Competitive business strategies required to address the challenges of business competition. PT P&P Lembah Karet is a company engaged in the plantation and crumb rubber processing industry. Marketing area are scattered inside and outside the country led to the  supply chain performance become one of the important issues in the company. The use of Lean and Green concept in the supply chain system can become a competitive advantage for PT. P&P Lembah Karet to create a more effective and efficient supply chain strategy in terms of expenditure and environmental impact. Performance measurement is required to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of these two concepts implementation in the supply chain companies.Performance measurement system was developed based on four perspectives of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC): financial, customer, internal business processes, learning and growth. Key Performance Indicator (KPI) which is used as a measurement basis is formulated through the concept of lean and green. Weight value of each KPI is determined using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with relevant experts as respondents. Respondents selected based on the experience and knowledge, especially experience and knowledge that relevant with the topic of this research. The weight value determined the order of KPI priority. Face validity is used to validate the performance measurement model. Data processing and analysis yielded 25 lean and green-based KPIs that are relevant to crumb rubber supply chain at PT. P&P Lembah Karet with 3 KPI for financial perspective, 4 KPI for customer perspective, 11 KPI for internal business process perspective and 7 KPI for learning and growth perspective. Structure of designed models showed that customer perspective is the most priority aspects. Keywords:    Performance measurement, supply chain system, lean, green, balanced scorecard AbstrakPerkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat ikut membawa peningkatan pada tingkat persaingan bisnis. Strategi bisnis yang kompetitif diperlukan untuk menjawab tantangan persaingan bisnis. PT P&P Lembah Karet merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang perkebunan dan industri pengolahan crumb rubber. Daerah pemasaran yang tersebar di dalam dan luar negeri menyebabkan kinerja rantai pasok menjadi salah satu isu penting dalam perusahaan tersebut. Penggunaan konsep Lean dan Green pada sistem rantai pasok dapat menjadi suatu keunggulan kompetitif bagi PT. P&P Lembah Karet guna menciptakan sebuah strategi rantai pasok yang lebih efektif dan efisien dari segi biaya dan dampak lingkungan. Pengukuran kinerja diperlukan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dan efisiensi dari implementasi kedua konsep tersebut dalam rantai pasok perusahaan.Sistem Pengukuran kinerja dikembangkan berdasarkan empat perspektif Balanced Scorecard (BSC): keuangan, pelanggan, proses bisnis internal serta pertumbuhan dan pembelajaran. Key Performance Indicator (KPI) yang digunakan sebagai basis pengukuran diformulasikan melalui konsep lean dan green. Nilai bobot masing-masing KPI ditentukan menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan pakar yang terkait sebagai responden. Pemilihan pakar yang akan menjadi responden dilakukan berdasarkan pengalaman dan pengetahuan pakar tersebut, terutama yang relevan dengan topik penelitian ini. Nilai bobot menentukan urutan prioritas KPI. Metode face validity digunakan untuk memvalidasi  model pengukuran kinerja yang dihasilkan. Pengolahan dan analisis data menghasilkan 25 KPI berbasis lean dan green yang relevan dengan rantai pasok crumb rubber PT. P&P Lembah Karet dengan rincian: 3 KPI untuk perspektif keuangan, 4 KPI untuk perspektif pelanggan, 11 KPI untuk perspektif proses bisnis internal serta 7 KPI untuk perspektif pertumbuhan dan pembelajaran. Struktur model yang dirancang menunjukkan bahwa perspektif pelanggan menjadi aspek prioritas dalam rantai pasok crumb rubber PT. P&P Lembah Karet. Kata kunci:     Pengukuran kinerja, sistem rantai pasok, lean, green, balanced scorecar

Analisis Hubungan Bauran Pemasaran terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Smartphone Blackberry dan Samsung Android

Technological developments lead to the entire company continues to enhance innovation in creating products derived from it, including the telephone industry.In a few years, the telephone industry introduced a variety of smartphone, including smartphones based on operating system RIM (Research in Motion) which produces branded Blackberry and smartphone based Android operating system with one of the companies that have joined with the operating system is Samsung Android. The research was conducted by measuring the consumer based marketing mix and should be able to explain what factors areas sociated with the sale of the two smartphones. Marketing mixis a set ofmarketing toolsused by companies to continuously achieve their marketing goals. The marketing tools are classified into four groups namely known 4Ps: product, price, place, and promotion. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to the respondents as many as 160 pieces and 160 pieces of Blackberry smartphones to the Samsung Android smartphone respondents. Tests performed with Kendall Tau correlation test using SPSS 15 software. The results showed that the variables of product, price and promotion has a significant correlation to the consumer buying decision on Blackberry smartphones. However, variable rates become very dominant variables related to consumer purchasing decisions for Blackberry smartphones. Meanwhile the Kendall Tau correlation test on the Samsung Android smartphones, only products have a price and a significant correlation on consumer purchasing decisions against Samsung's Android smartphones, and variable products become a dominant variables related to consumer purchasing decisions. Thus it can be done by both companies marketing strategies in order to achieve sales targets and products in accordance with marketing objectives.Keywords: Phones, smartphones, Blackberry, Samsung Android, marketing mix, purchasing decisionsAbstrakPerkembangan teknologi menyebabkan seluruh perusahaan terus meningkatkan inovasiinovasi dalam menciptakan produk yang dihasilkannya, termasuk pada industri telepon. Pada beberapa tahun belakangan ini industri telepon memperkenalkan teleponsmartphone yang beragam, diantaranya smartphone yang berbasis sistem operasi RIM (Research in Motion) yang memproduksi telepon bermerek Blackberry dan smartphone yang berbasis sistem operasi Android dengan salah satu perusahaan yang telah bergabung dengan sistem operasi tersebut adalah Samsung Android. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan pengukuran kepada konsumen berdasarkan bauran pemasaran dan diharapkan mampu menjelaskan faktor-faktor apa saja yang berhubungan dengan penjualan di antara kedua smartphone ini. Bauran pemasaran (marketing mix) adalah seperangkat alat pemasaran yang digunakan perusahaan secara terus menerus untuk mencapai tujuan pemasarannya. Alat pemasaran tersebut di klasifikasikan menjadi empat kelompok yang dikenal 4P yaitu: produk, harga, tempat, dan promosi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner sebanyak 160 buah kepada responden smartphone Blackberry dan 160 buah kepada responden smartphone Samsung Android. Pengujian dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Kendall Tau menggunakan software SPSS 15. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel produk, harga dan promosi mempunyai korelasi yang signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen terhadap smartphone Blackberry. Namun variabel harga menjadi variabel yang sangat dominan berhubungan dengan keputusan pembelian konsumen terhadap smartphone Blackberry. Sementara itu pada pengujian uji korelasi Kendall Tau pada smartphone Samsung Android, hanya variabel produk dan harga yang mempunyai korelasi yang signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen terhadap smartphone Samsung Android, dan variabel produk menjadi variabel yang sangat dominan berhubungan dengan keputusan pembelian konsumen. Dengan demikian dapat dilakukan strategi pemasaran oleh kedua perusahaan agar target penjualan produk tercapai dan sesuai dengan tujuan pemasaran.Kata kunci: Telepon, smartphone, Blackberry, Samsung Android, bauran pemasaran, keputusan pembelia

Perancangan Sistem Informasi Perawatan Mesin Pada PT XYZ

Maintenance management is an important aspect that define success and sustainability of a manufacturing industry. The development of information technology give new possibilities to improve maintenance management performance. Data management with the help from information system will improve maintenance management effectiveness and efficiency. PT XYZ is an industry specialized in retreading tires service. Preliminary study on machinery maintenance process in PT XYZ showed that breakdown and maintenance data were not properly documented. This can generate high cost for the company because maintenance scheduling cannot optimally determined and the cost incurred by repair and maintenance activities, and also the cost of lost production time cannot determined directly. Therefore PT XYZ need information system to improve their maintenance management efficiency. Information system designed in accordance with company need based on system survey and interview. The design of information system developed using Object Oriented Analysis (OOA) and Object Oriented Design (OOD) approach. The designed information system can help maintenance management implementation and related data management. The availability of repair and maintenance data can help factory supervisor to make decision related to maintenance activities such as parts needed and maintenance cost. Keywords: maintenance, information system, performanc

Desain Strategi Peningkatan Daya Saing Industri Pengolahan Makanan Ringan Berbasis Klaster di Sumatera Barat

Food processing industries have grown in the region of West Sumatra since a few decades ago. The processing of various types of food recipes from various West Sumatra region comes from inheritance hereditary. Snack is a processed food product that has a special attraction among various types of distinctive food from West Sumatra. Increasing competitiveness is necessary to accelerate the growth of small and medium snacks industries in West Sumatera. Industrial cluster development is one of the strategic and effective approaches to achieve that objective. The research aims to design value chain and industrial cluster map model of small and medium snacks industries in West Sumatra. Industrial cluster mapping carried through: defining the value chain, a grouping of factors influence the level of internal and external factors, factors condition processing, grouping factor conditions into the four elements of SWOT, strategy planning using SWOT Matrix, and creating industrial cluster map of snacks industries in West Sumatra. The results showed that there are 7 internal factors and 6 external factors that can influence the competitiveness of small and medium snacks industries in West Sumatra. The value chain of snack industry in West Sumatra includes tuber farmers, traditional market, special suppliers, small and medium snacks industries, and consumers. The study also generates 10 programs centered on small and medium snacks industries in West Sumatra as a core industry.