Additional file 1 of Associations between patterns of blood heavy metal exposure and health outcomes: insights from NHANES 2011–2016

Additional file 1: Table S1. Analysis of Differences in Heavy Metal Concentrations Among Three Patterns in NHANES 2011-2012. Table S2. Analysis of Differences in Heavy Metal Concentrations Among Three Patterns in NHANES 2013-2014. Table S3. Analysis of Differences in Heavy Metal Concentrations Among Three Patterns in NHANES 2015-2016

Imaging the Complex-Forming Reaction Dynamics in Al + CO₂ → AlO + CO

For indirect reactions involving more than one intermediate complex from reactant valley to product valley, the reaction dynamics becomes very complicated for researchers due to competition between pathways. In order to resolve the large discrepancy between theoretical and experimental studies on the linear or bent structures of complexes involved in the title endothermic reaction, we performed a crossed-beam experiment at a large collision energy (Ec) range with mapping of the velocity distributions of Al reactants and AlO products. We found that the reaction proceeds through different complex-forming mechanisms with the increase of Ec: at low Ec near the reaction threshold, only low impact-parameter collisions contribute through a collinear Al–OCO short-lived complex, and at high Ec, the bent-structure complexes, formed by either isomerization or noncollinear collisions, come into play

Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Mapping for Glycinin and β‑Conglycinin Contents in Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.)

Compared to β-conglycinin, glycinin contains 3–4 times the methionine and cysteine (sulfur-containing amino acids), accounting for approximately 40 and 30%, respectively, of the total storage protein in soybean. Increasing the soybean storage protein content while improving the ratio of glycinin to β-conglycinin is of great significance for soybean breeding and soy food products. The objective of this study is to analyze the genetic mechanism regulating the glycinin and β-conglycinin contents of soybean by using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between Kefeng No. 1 and Nannong 1138-2. Two hundred and twenty-one markers were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for glycinin (11S) and β-conglycinin (7S) contents, the ratio of glycinin to β-conglycinin (RGC), and the sum of glycinin and β-conglycinin (SGC). A total of 35 QTLs, 3 pairs of epistatic QTLs, and 5 major regions encompassing multiple QTLs were detected. Genes encoding the subunits of β-conglycinin were localized to marker intervals sat_418–satt650 and sat_196–sat_303, which are linked to RGC and SGC; marker sat_318, associated with 11S, 7S, and SGC, was located near Glyma10g04280 (<i>Gy4</i>), which encodes a subunit of glycinin. These results, which take epistatic interactions into account, will improve our understanding of the genetic basis of 11S and 7S contents and will lay a foundation for marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding of soybean and improving the quality of soybean products

Freestanding Cactus-Like Dual-Phase Bimetallic Metal–Organic Framework as a High-Efficiency Electrocatalyst for Water Oxidation

Realizing a high-efficiency electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a great challenge in water splitting and metal–air battery fields due to the slow reaction kinetics. Herein, a synchronous dual-phase synthetic strategy is developed to successfully construct a cactus-like dual-phase bimetallic metal–organic framework (MOF) on a nickel foam (NF) substrate (noted as NiFe-MOF@NF). It is constituted by Ni-main NiFe-MOF and Fe-main NiFe-MOF. When functioning as an anode, the freestanding cactus-like dual-phase NiFe-MOF@NF catalyst merely requires a lower overpotential of 277 mV to supply 100 mA cm–2 with robust stability (90% retainment of initial current density after 24 h chronoamperometry measurement). Density functional theory calculations on the NiFe-MOF@NF catalyst reveal that the combination of Ni and Fe has efficiently modulated the electron configuration of metal centers and optimized the absorption/desorption of OER oxygen-containing intermediates. Thus, we demonstrate a novel synchronous dual-phase synthetic strategy to engineer freestanding dual-phase electrocatalysts, which feature multiple synergetic effects considerably boosting OER performance for optimizing the energy conversion and storage system

A Ratiometric Fluorescence Universal Platform Based on N, Cu Codoped Carbon Dots to Detect Metabolites Participating in H₂O₂‑Generation Reactions

In this work, a new kind of N, Cu codoped carbon dots (N/Cu-CDs) was prepared via a facile one-pot hydrothermal method by using citric acid monohydrate, copper acetate monohydrate and diethylenetriamine. The prepared N/Cu-CDs with a high quantum yield (50.1%) showed excitation-independent emission at 460 nm. The structure and fluorescence properties of N/Cu-CDs were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence spectrofluorometer, FT-IR spectrometer, UV–visible spectrophotometer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. N/Cu-CDs were applied to establishing a ratiometric fluorescence probe toward H₂O₂ based on the inner filter effect (IFE) between N/Cu-CDs and DAP (2,3-diaminophenazine, the oxidative product of o-phenylenediamine (OPD)), and provided a ratiometric fluorescence universal platform for detection of the metabolites participating in H₂O₂-generation reactions (cholesterol and xanthine). The proposed method was demonstrated to be ultrasensitive and highly selective for cholesterol and xanthine assay with detection limits of 0.03 and 0.10 μM, respectively. The fluorescence probe built was applied to the determination of cholesterol and xanthine in human serum with satisfactory results

Problems of education of the caregivers of the person with Alzheimer's disease

The bachelor's thesis reports about problems of Alzheimer's disease. It briefly looks at the history of the illness, introduces diagnostic and therapeutic methods and also mentions alternative options of approach to the patient suffering from this disease. At the last but not least it describes the nursing care about such patient and emphasize the importace of education of the family caregivers. The main part of the thesis is created by quantitative exploratory survey which focuses at three work groups. The first group is represented by family caregivers of the patient with Alzheimer's disease. The survey's main aim is to find out about the amount of the information they have regarding the given problems and the way they deal with their new life situation. The second group is formed by general practicioners and the third group is represented by the home nursing workers. The target of the survey concerning these two groups is to find out about the extent of the education they pursue and eventual obstacles

Disease Burden Due to Herpes Zoster among Population Aged ≥50 Years Old in China: A Community Based Retrospective Survey

<div><p>Objective</p><p>To understand the disease burden due to Herpes Zoster (HZ) among people aged ≥50 years old in China and provide baseline data for future similar studies, and provide evidence for development of herpes zoster vaccination strategy.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Retrospective cohort study was conducted in 4 townships and one community. A questionnaire was used to collect information on incidence and cost of HZ among people aged ≥ 50 years old.</p><p>Results</p><p>The cumulative incidence rate was 22.6/1,000 among people aged ≥ 50 years old. The average annual incidence rate of HZ was 3.43/1,000 among people aged ≥ 50 years old in 2010–2012. Cumulative incidence and average annual incidence rate increased with age: the cumulative incidence of HZ among people aged ≥ 80 years old was 3.34 times of that among 50- years old (52.3/1000vs15.7/1,000); average annual incidence rate rises from 2.66/1,000 among 50- years old to 8.55/1,000 among 80- year old. Cumulative incidence and average annual incidence rate for females were higher than that for males (cumulative incidence, 26.5/1000vs18.7/1,000; annual incidence rate, 3.95/1000vs2.89/1,000). Cumulative incidence and average annual incidence rate in urban were higher than in rural (cumulative incidence, 39.5/1000vs 17.2/1,000; annual incidence rate, 7.65/1000vs2.06/1,000). The hospitalization rate of HZ was 4.53%. And with the increase of age, the rate has an increasing trend. HZ costs 945,709.5 RMB in total, corresponding to 840.6 RMB per patient with a median cost of 385 RMB (interquartile range 171.7–795.6). Factors associated with cost included the first onset year, area, whether hospitalized and whether sequelae left.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Incidence rate, complications, hospitalization rate and average cost of HZ increase with age. We recommend that the HZ vaccinations should target people aged ≥50 years old if Zoster vaccine is licensed in China.</p></div

Incidence rate (/1,000) of HZ among people aged ≥ 50 years old from 2010 to 2012.

<p>Incidence rate (/1,000) of HZ among people aged ≥ 50 years old from 2010 to 2012.</p

One-Pot Synthesis of a Magnetic, Ratiometric Fluorescent Nanoprobe by Encapsulating Fe₃O₄ Magnetic Nanoparticles and Dual-Emissive Rhodamine B Modified Carbon Dots in Metal–Organic Framework for Enhanced HClO Sensing

In this work, a new magnetic, ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe has been designed and fabricated by encapsulating Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and dual-emissive carbon dots into the cavities of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). This one-pot method combined hybrid characteristics of MOFs with multiple properties of the encapsulated functional materials. The MOF-based nanoprobe possessed the advantages of MOFs (strong adsorption ability, accumulating the analytes), Fe₃O₄ MNPs (magnetic separation), and ratiometric sensors (eliminating the variabilities caused by the instability of the instruments and environment). The MOF-based nanoprobe was dispersible and stable in aqueous solution, and the nanoprobe was applied to HClO sensing. This work will provide a promising strategy for design and synthesis of novel MOF-based composite materials

Cases and cumulative incidence rates of HZ according to first onset age in people aged ≥ 50 years old.

<p>Cases and cumulative incidence rates of HZ according to first onset age in people aged ≥ 50 years old.</p