48 research outputs found
Biomass derived oligosaccharides for potential leather tanning
The global demand for renewable and affordable feedstocks, combined with the worldwide targets for reducing carbon emissions, is the driving force behind a breakthrough in resource revolution and GreenTech innovations..
Induced defense strategies of plants against Ralstonia solanacearum
Plants respond to Ralstonia solanacearum infestation through two layers of immune system (PTI and ETI). This process involves the production of plant-induced resistance. Strategies for inducing resistance in plants include the formation of tyloses, gels, and callose and changes in the content of cell wall components such as cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, lignin, and suberin in response to pathogen infestation. When R. solanacearum secrete cell wall degrading enzymes, plants also sense the status of cell wall fragments through the cell wall integrity (CWI) system, which activates deep-seated defense responses. In addition, plants also fight against R. solanacearum infestation by regulating the distribution of metabolic networks to increase the production of resistant metabolites and reduce the production of metabolites that are easily exploited by R. solanacearum. We review the strategies used by plants to induce resistance in response to R. solanacearum infestation. In particular, we highlight the importance of plant-induced physical and chemical defenses as well as cell wall defenses in the fight against R. solanacearum
Linking Temporal-Parietal Junction to Internet Addiction Tendency: Moderating Effect of Critical Thinking
Ultrasound cavitation and exfoliation dynamics of 2D materials re-vealed in operando by X-ray free electron laser megahertz imaging
Ultrasonic liquid phase exfoliation is a promising method for the production
of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials. A large number of studies have been
made in investigating the underlying ultrasound exfoliation mechanisms.
However, due to the experimental challenges for capturing the highly transient
and dynamic phenomena in real-time at sub-microsecond time and micrometer
length scales simultaneously, most theories reported to date still remain
elusive. Here, using the ultra-short X-ray Free Electron Laser pulses (~25ps)
with a unique pulse train structure, we applied MHz X-ray Microscopy and
machine-learning technique to reveal unambiguously the full cycles of the
ultrasound cavitation and graphite layer exfoliation dynamics with
sub-microsecond and micrometer resolution. Cyclic fatigue shock wave impacts
produced by ultrasound cloud implosion were identified as the dominant
mechanism to deflect and exfoliate graphite layers mechanically. For the
graphite flakes, exfoliation rate as high as ~5 angstroms per shock wave impact
was observed. For the HOPG graphite, the highest exfoliation rate was ~0.15
angstroms per impact. These new findings are scientifically and technologically
important for developing industrial upscaling strategies for ultrasonic
exfoliation of 2D materials
Decision Analysis of Disturbance Management in the Process of Medical Supplies Transportation after Natural Disasters
Public health emergencies, such as casualties and epidemic spread caused by natural disasters, have become important factors that seriously affect social development. Special medical supplies, such as blood and vaccines, are important public health medical resources, and the cold-chain distribution of medical supplies is in a highly unstable environment after a natural disaster that is easily affected by disturbance events. This paper innovatively studies the distribution optimization of medical supplies after natural disasters from the perspective of disturbance management. A disturbance management model for medical supplies distribution is established from two dimensions: time and cost. In addition, a hybrid genetic algorithm is introduced to solve the model. Disturbance recovery schemes with different weight coefficients are obtained through the actual numerical experiments, and experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm. Finally, we discuss the formulation of weight coefficients in the case of emergency distribution and general distribution, which provide a reference for emergency decisions in disturbance events
Optimization of Location鈥揜outing Problem for Cold Chain Logistics Considering Carbon Footprint
In order to solve the optimization problem of logistics distribution system for fresh food, this paper provides a low-carbon and environmental protection point of view, based on the characteristics of perishable products, and combines with the overall optimization idea of cold chain logistics distribution network, where the green and low-carbon location鈥搑outing problem (LRP) model in cold chain logistics is developed with the minimum total costs as the objective function, which includes carbon emission costs. A hybrid genetic algorithm with heuristic rules is designed to solve the model, and an example is used to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. Furthermore, the simulation results obtained by a practical numerical example show the applicability of the model while provide green and environmentally friendly location-distribution schemes for the cold chain logistics enterprise. Finally, carbon tax policies are introduced to analyze the impact of carbon tax on the total costs and carbon emissions, which proves that carbon tax policy can effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions in cold chain logistics network
Optimization of Inventory Routing Problem in Refined Oil Logistics with the Perspective of Carbon Tax
In order to solve the optimization problem of the refined oil distribution system from the perspectives of low-carbon and environmental protection, this paper focuses on the characteristics of the secondary distribution of refined oil and combines it with the integrated optimization concept of refined oil distribution network, where a low-carbon inventory routing problem (LCIRP) model is constructed with the minimum total costs as the objective function on the basis of considering carbon emissions. An adaptive genetic algorithm combined with greedy algorithm is designed to solve the model, and an example is given to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. Then, this paper solves the model with two parts by introducing a practical numerical example: in the first part, the LCIRP models with different carbon tax values are solved, which verifies the effectiveness of the model and proves that carbon tax policies can effectively reduce the carbon emissions in the secondary distribution network of refined oil; in the second part, the LCIRP models with the different maximum load capacity of oil tank trucks are solved, which provides the economic and environmentally friendly distribution schemes for refined oil distribution enterprises under the premise of carbon tax policies and load limitation. Finally, the emission reduction proposals that take into account both economic and environmental benefits are given respectively from the aspect of government environmental protection agencies and from the aspect of refined oil distribution enterprises