Transnational Collaboration Within Higher Education in China: Context, Characteristics, and Challenges

This paper discusses the development of transnational collaboration in Chinese higher education (TNHE). TNHE refers to arrangements and institutional partnerships between Educational Institutions, in which the students are located in different countries from the one in which the awarding institution is based. Through analyzing the cases of TNHE in China, we found that the convergence/globalization model and the borrowing/localization model are two main TNHE prototypes. TNHE in China is guided by the Government, which is aiming to enhance China’s international competitiveness, in a globalizing world. This paper discusses the consumers and the operation of TNHE in China. In addition to the context analysis, critical factors for the success of TNHE in China are addressed, consisting of the long-term strategic vision, governance, management, and strategy. TNHE in China faces several challenges, including duplication of similar projects, quality assurance and legal status. Based on the comprehensive analysis, a business model of TNHE of China is proposed

catena-Poly[[dimethyl­tin(IV)]-μ-cis-cyclo­hexane-1,2-dicarboxyl­ato]

The title complex, [Sn(CH3)2(C8H10O4)]n, was synthesized from cis-cyclo­hexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid and dimethyl­tin dichloride. The complex has a bridging bis-bidentate carboxyl­ate group resulting in a zig-zag chain structure parallel to [001]. The Sn atom is six-coordinated and displays a distorted octa­hedral geometry

Chronic stable angina is associated with lower health-related quality of life: evidence from Chinese patients.

ObjectivesTo compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) between patients with stable angina and the general population in China and to examine factors associated with HRQoL among patients with stable angina.MethodsA cross-sectional HRQoL survey of stable angina patients recruited from 4 hospitals (n = 411) and the general population recruited from 3 Physical Examination Centers (n = 549) was conducted from July to December, 2011 in two large cities, Tianjin and Chengdu. HRQoL was assessed using the EQ-5D, EQ-VAS, and SF-6D instruments. The health status specific to patients with stable angina was assessed using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ). Information on socio-demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors were also collected. Nested regressions were performed to explore how these factors were associated with HRQoL in patients with stable angina.ResultsCompared with the general population (44.2 ± 10 years, 49.9% females), stable angina patients (68.1 ± 12 years, 50.4% females) had significantly lower HRQoL scores in EQ-5D utility index (0.75 ± 0.19 vs. 0.90 ± 0.20, pConclusionsCompared to the general population, stable angina patients were associated with lower HRQoL and lower health utility scores, which were largely impacted by clinical symptoms. Further studies are needed to characterize the influence of geographic and cultural factors on the variations of health-related utility in stable angina patients

Broad-leaved Forest’s Impact on Spontaneous Activities of Mice and their Mental State

Empirical studies on the effects of urban forests on the health of humans and other animals are needed to rationalize the construction of urban forests for healthcare. The effects of urban forests (coniferous, broad-leaved, and mixed coniferous and broad-leaved) were studied relative to the physical and mental health of mice and the major environmental factors influencing them. Compared with the control group, the total movement distance of the mice that stayed in the coniferous forest, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest, and broad-leaved forest increased 9.7% to 18.1%, the central grid movement distance increased 7.2% to 23.9%, central grid dwell time increased 10.7% to 16.3%, and the number of entries increased 5.2% to 18.6%, indicating that the mental state and the exploration and cognitive abilities of mice were significantly improved in the three urban forests. The broad-leaved forest had greater positive effects than the other two forest types. This can be attributed to a decrease in temperature and the increases in humidity and concentrations of oxygen and negative ions in the air in the broad-leaved forest. The research results provide a theoretical basis for building urban forests that are beneficial to the health of urban residents

Nested multivariate linear regression analyses for HRQoL scores of stable angina patients (n = 411).

<p>***P<0.01; **P<0.05; *P<0.10.</p>a<p>Only variables with statistically significant results were displayed. Except variables listed in the table, other explanatory variables included duration of CAD and presence of acute medical condition in block1, age, BMI, working status, household income, and marriage status in block 2, smoke, and drinking for block 3.</p

Characteristics of stable angina patients and the general population [N (%)].

a<p>Chi-square Test between the stable angina patients and general patients age > = 40.</p>b<p>UEBMI: Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance; URBMI: Urban Residence Basic Medical Insurance; NRCMI: New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance; Other insurance type included people with commercial insurance and without insurance.</p>c<p>Self-reported acute medical conditions included upper respiratory tract infections, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, insomnia, and injuries. Recall periods are 4 weeks.</p

Overall scores of HRQoL instruments.

a<p>P<0.001 with Manny-Whitney U-test.</p>b<p>P<0.001 with multiple linear regression adjusted for age, gender, insurance, work status, income, education, and marriage status.</p>c<p>IQR: inter-quartile range.</p