Teachers’ learning driven by “multi-subject needs”: Implication, mode and strategies

Under the influence of the concept of lifelong learning, teachers’ learning has become the main paradigm of teacher development. The traditional training for primary and secondary school teachers often pays too much attention to the transmission of theories and ignores the practical needs of teachers, resulting in the dilemma of low learning efficiency and poor effect. In order to break through the current learning dilemma of primary and secondary school teachers and meet the needs of students’ growth and long-term development of schools, on the basis of clarifying the basic implication of teacher learning driven by “multi-subject needs”, this paper introduces the Activity Theory to discuss the implications of teacher learning, constructs the teacher learning mode driven by “multi-subject needs,” and analyzes the operating mechanism of this learning mode. In order to promote the effective operation of this mode, teachers should set up the concept of lifelong learning, adhere to the self-orientation of learning, and pay attention to learning reflection. The school level should create a cultural atmosphere for teachers’ learning, make clear the purpose of teachers’ learning, let teachers’ pay attention to the practical situation, and make teachers’ learning become a normal activity

ПРОЯВЛЕНИЕ АГРЕССИИ В СРЕДСТВАХ МАССОВОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ В НАЧАЛЕ XXI ВЕКА

This article deals with the influence of extralinguistic factors on the mass media. It also shows the impact of the mass media and their aggression on society's behavior standards, opinion and speech. It describes the processes leading to the Mass media language changes, concerns the reasons and influence of these processes on the Mass media language forming. The article takes up the issues of journalistic style development, and formulate problems aimed at the style regulation. Hardening of journalistic rhetoric and language aggression increase strengthen the urgency of the subject and require thorough analysis of the situation to prevent colloquial and standard Russian from language aggression bad influence.Ужесточение публицистической риторики в статьях последних лет и наращивание агрессивности используемого в них стиля требует тщательного анализа в целях предотвращения негативного влияния агрессивности на речевой и литературный русский язык. В данной статье рассматривается влияние на СМИ экстралингвистических факторов, а также воздействие СМИ и их агрессии на нормы поведения, взгляды и речь общества. Описаны процессы, приводящие к изменениям в языке СМИ, рассматриваются причины возникновения таких процессов и их последующее влияние на формирование языка Интернета и печатных изданий, телевидения и радио

Application of TRMM in the Hydrological Analysis of Upper Bengawan Solo River Basin

Rainfall is a major water resource with a significant role in terms of growth, environment concerns, and sustainability. Several human activities demand adequate water supply for drinking, agriculture, domestic, and commercial consumption. The accuracy of any hydrologic study depends heavily on the availability of good-quality precipitation estimates. Most countries are unable to provide sufficient climatic data, including rainfall and observed discharge statistics. This scarcity is a huge obstacle in conducting thorough hydrologic studies over a certain period. For instance, Indonesia, as an archipelagic country, has long been faced with data availability problems. For this reason, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), which was developed by NASA, became an alternative solution to rainfall data limitations. However, to be applied in hydrologic investigations, TRMM data require proper estimation and adjustment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of TRMM rainfall data and its application in determining design flood and water availability. Dividing the data into several groups based on its magnitude and multiplying each unit with a correction coefficient are parts of the modification process. Subsequently, objective functions, including false alarm ratio (FAR), probability of detection (POD), and root mean square error (RMSE) were also applied. Rainfall-runoff modeling and design storm analysis at Delingan dam were used to study the TRMM correction performance. Based on the analysis, corrected TRMM showed considerable findings compared to ground station data.  Model calibration and verification using corrected TRMM data provide satisfactory model parameters compared to ground station derivatives. The results also disclosed a closer fit of the corrected TRMM to catchment response translated from derived rainfall-runoff model parameters to ground station compared to control.  Furthermore, design storm calculated from corrected TRMM reflects an improvement compared to uncorrected TRMM data.