exo-4-[(1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)meth­yl]-10-oxa-4-aza­tricyclo­[5.2.1.02,6]decane-3,5-dione

In the title compound, C16H15N3O3, the dihedral angle between the approximately planar benzimidazolyl group (r.m.s. deviation = 0.010 Å) and the pyrrolidine ring is 78.20 (6)°. The C—C—N bond angle of the bridging CH2 group is 112.14 (16)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked via N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming infinite chains parallel to [101] and [10]

Multi-Stability of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in Atom-Assisted Optomechanical Cavities

We study how an oscillating mirror affects the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of an atomic ensemble, which is confined in a gas cell placed inside a micro-cavity with an oscillating mirror in one end. The oscillating mirror is modeled as a quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator. The cavity field acts as a probe light of the EIT system and also produces a light pressure on the oscillating mirror. The back-action from the mirror to the cavity field results in several (from one to five) steady-states for this atom-assisted optomechanical cavity, producing a complex structure in its EIT. We calculate the susceptibility with respect to the few (from one to three) stable solutions found here for the equilibrium positions of the oscillating mirror. We find that the EIT of the atomic ensemble can be significantly changed by the oscillating mirror, and also that the various steady states of the mirror have different effects on the EIT.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure

A 1d lattice realization of chiral fermions with a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian

Quantum Hall state is characterized by a 2-dimensional(2D) bulk insulator and a chiral fermion edge state, which gives quantized Hall conductance. It is generally believed that the corresponding 1D chiral fermion state can not exist by itself without its parent surface system. This is closely related to the quantum anomaly of chiral fermion in quantum field theory. It has been recognized that such an anomalous state implies the existence of a topologically nontrivial bulk. Here we show that such a 1D chiral fermion state can be realized without its corresponding surface system in a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Our model possesses correct chiral anomaly and gravitational anomaly, which ensures the quantization of the Hall conductance.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

PO-162 ELABELA Facilitates Exercise-Induced Cardioprotection in Post-Infarction Cardiac Remodeling

Objective Exercise has been reported to have positive function after myocardial infarction (MI), but the mechanisms of exercise-induced cardioprotection are poorly understood. ELABELA (ELA) is a hormone and plays a vital role in cardiovascular system. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect and the mechanisms of exercise and exogenous ELA administration on cardioprotection in MI rat. Methods MI was established by left coronary artery ligation. MI rats underwent 4 weeks of sustainedaerobic exercise and Fc-ELA-21 or Fc-ELA-32 injection. H9C2 cells were treated by ELA-14 peptide. Akt signal was inhibited by LY294002. Heart function was evaluated by hemodynamics; Myocardium fibrosis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis and apoptosis were visualized by Masson’s staining, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL, respectively; Protein expression was quantified by Western blotting. Results Exercise induced angiogenesis and cardiomyocyte proliferation, reduced fibrosis and improved the function of MI heart. Fc-ELA-21 injection further facilitated the exercise-induced cardioprotection effects. APJ expression was up-regulated and Akt-mTOR-P70S6K signal was activated by both exercise and Fc-ELA-21. In H9C2 cells, ELA-14 activated Akt signal by dose dependent manner. Akt signal inhibitioninvalidated ELA-14 function. Fc-ELA-32 directly improved structural and functional recovery of post-MI hearts. Conclusions ELA is a heart protector and facilitates exercise-induced cardioprotectionthrough Akt-mTOR-P70S6K signal inpost-infarction cardiac remodeling

Protecting Intestinal Microenvironment Alleviates Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease

Acute gut graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a leading threat to the survival of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipients. Abnormal gut microbiota is correlated with poor prognosis in allo-HSCT recipients. A disrupted intestinal microenvironment exacerbates dysbiosis in GVHD patients. We hypothesized that maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier may protect gut microbiota and attenuate aGVHD. This hypothesis was tested in a murine aGVHD model and an in vitro intestinal epithelial culture. Millipore cytokine array was utilized to determine the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the serum. The 16S rRNA sequencing was used to determine the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota. Combining Xuebijing injection (XBJ) with a reduced dose of cyclosporine A (CsA) is superior to CsA alone in improving the survival of aGVHD mice and delayed aGVHD progression. This regimen also reduced interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-12 levels in the peripheral blood. 16S rRNA analysis revealed the combination treatment protected gut microbiota in aGVHD mice by reversing the dysbiosis at the phylum, genus, and species level. It inhibited enterococcal expansion, a hallmark of GVHD progression. It inhibited enterococcal expansion, a hallmark of GVHD progression. Furthermore, Escherichia coli expansion was inhibited by this regimen. Pathology analysis revealed that the combination treatment improved the integrity of the intestinal tissue of aGVHD mice. It also reduced the intestinal permeability in aGVHD mice. Besides, XBJ ameliorated doxorubicin-induced intestinal epithelial death in CCK-8 assay. Overall, combining XBJ with CsA protected the intestinal microenvironment to prevent aGVHD. Our findings suggested that protecting the intestinal microenvironment could be a novel strategy to manage aGVHD. Combining XBJ with CsA may reduce the side effects of current aGVHD prevention regimens and improve the quality of life of allo-HSCT recipients

A Novel Bradykinin-Related Peptide, RVA-Thr6-BK, from the Skin Secretion of the Hejiang Frog; Ordorrana hejiangensis: Effects of Mammalian Isolated Smooth Muscle

A novel naturally-occurring bradykinin-related peptide (BRP) with an N-terminal extension, named RVA-Thr6-Bradykinin (RVA-Thr6-BK), was here isolated and identified from the cutaneous secretion of Odorrana hejiangensis (O. hejiangensis). Thereafter, in order to evaluate the difference in myotropic actions, a leucine site-substitution variant from Amolops wuyiensis skin secretion, RVA-Leu1, Thr6-BK, was chemically synthesized. Myotropic studies indicated that single-site arginine (R) replacement by leucine (L) at position-4 from the N-terminus, altered the action of RVA-Thr6-BK from an agonist to an antagonist of BK actions on rat ileum smooth muscle. Additionally, both BK N-terminal extended derivatives (RVA-Thr6-BK and RVA-Leu1, Thr6-BK) exerted identical myotropic actions to BK, such as increasing the frequency of contraction, contracting and relaxing the rat uterus, bladder and artery preparations, respectively

Comparative safety and efficacy of percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation and percutaneous balloon compression in CT-guided and local anesthesia for recurrent trigeminal neuralgia

BackgroundThere are several ways to treat trigeminal neuralgia (TN); however, TN may recur after treatment. Although microvascular decompression (MVD) is considered an effective treatment for trigeminal neuralgia, patients with recurrence may not be willing to undergo craniotomy.ObjectiveThis study compared the safety and efficacy of percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation and percutaneous balloon compression for treating recurrent trigeminal neuralgia.MethodsThis was a prospective non-randomized controlled study. A total of 52 with recurrent TN were scheduled to undergo surgery in our Hospital from January–June 2021. The patients were classified into percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation (PRT) and percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) groups based on the treatment. All surgeries were performed under computed tomography guidance and local anesthesia. Post-operative complications were also observed. Pain was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) scale. Efficacy indices were evaluated at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after surgery.ResultsDuring follow-up, the efficacy rates of the two methods within 18 months were 76.0 and 88.9%, respectively. All patients had hypoesthesia on the affected side, and no severe complications. Notably, 5 patients (20%) in the PRT group with multiple-branch pain, including the first branch of the trigeminal nerve (V1) pain in the PRT group, received radiofrequency therapy for the supraorbital notch (foramen) after puncture of the foramen ovale. However, multiple pain episodes resolved with only one operation in the PBC group.ConclusionCT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation and percutaneous balloon compression under local anesthesia may be good options for treating recurrent trigeminal neuralgia. Percutaneous balloon compression may be recommended when multiple branches are involved, particularly in cases of V1 neuralgia