Design and Evaluation of Digital Baseband Converter Sub-channel Delay Compensation Method on Bandwidth Synthesis

The effect of sub-channel delay on bandwidth synthesis is investigated to eliminate the “phase step” phenomenon in bandwidth synthesis during the test of CDBE (Chinese Digital Backend). Through formula derivation, we realize that sub-channel delay may cause phase discontinuity between different sub-channels. Theoretical analysis shows that sub-channel delay can induce bandwidth synthesis error in group delay measurement of the linear system. Furthermore, in the differential delay measurement between two stations, bandwidth synthesis error may occur when the LO (Local Oscillator) frequency differences of corresponding sub-channels are not identical. Error-free conditions are discussed under different applications. The phase errors among different sub-channels can be removed manually. However, the most effective way is the compensation of sub-channel delay. A sub-channel delay calculation method based on Modelsim is proposed. The compensation method is detailed. Simulation and field experiments are presented to verify our approach

A Study on Parameterization of the Beijing Winter Heavy Haze Events Associated with Height of Pollution Mixing Layer

North China Plain, Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei province are the major areas facing the decreasing air quality and frequent pollution events in the recent years. Identifying the effect of meteorological conditions on changes in aerosol concentration and the mechanism for forming such heavy pollution in North China Plain has become the focus of scientific research. The influence of atmospheric boundary layer characteristics on air quality has become the focus of attention and research. However, the boundary layer describes that the influences of air pollution have sometimes been duplicated and confused with each other in some of the studies. It is necessary to pay attention to some extent, raising awareness of related pollution mixing layer. The conclusions of the study include the following: (1) The lowered height of pollution mixing layer (H_PML) was favorable for the increase of the PM2.5 density. The lowered height of pollution mixing layer had significant impacts on formation of severe haze. (2) A statistical analysis of large-scale heavy pollution cases in eastern China shows that the H_PML parameters have significant contributions. (3) The feedback effect of the high value of the convection inhibition (CIN), which is unfavorable to vertical diffusion of pollution, causes further reduction of H_PML, resulting in cumulative pollution again

TMEM97/Sigma 2 Receptor Increases Estrogen Receptor α Activity in Promoting Breast Cancer Cell Growth

Aberrant estrogen receptor (ER) signaling is a major driver of breast tumor growth and progression. Sigma 2 receptor has long been implicated in breast carcinogenesis based on pharmacological studies, but its molecular identity had been elusive until TMEM97 was identified as the receptor. Herein, we report that the TMEM97/sigma 2 receptor is highly expressed in ER-positive breast tumors and its expression is strongly correlated with ERs and progesterone receptors (PRs) but not with HER2 status. High expression levels of TMEM97 are associated with reduced overall survival of patients. Breast cancer cells with increased expression of TMEM97 had a growth advantage over the control cells under both nutrition-limiting and sufficient conditions, while the knockdown of TMEM97 expression reduced tumor cell proliferations. When compared to their vector control cells, MCF7 and T47D cells with increased TMEM97 expression presented increased resistance to tamoxifen treatment and also grew better under estrogen-depleted conditions. The TMEM97/sigma 2 receptor enhanced the ERα transcriptional activities and increased the expression of genes responsive to estrogen treatment. Increased TMEM97 also stimulated the mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathways in the MCF7 and T47D cells. The increased level of active, phosphorylated ERα, and the enhanced resistance to tamoxifen treatment with increased TMEM97, could be blocked by an mTOR inhibitor. The knockdown of TMEM97 expression reduced the ERα and mTOR/S6K1 signaling activities, rendering the cells with an increased sensitivity to tamoxifen. The observations suggest that the TMEM97/sigma 2 receptor is a novel regulator of ERα activities in breast tumor cell growth

DF2Net: Differential Feature Fusion Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification

Recently, hybrid networks, combining graph convolutional networks (GCNs) and convolutional neural networks into a unified framework, have garnered significant attention in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. However, existing hybrid networks have the following limitations. 1) Existing methods primarily utilize simple fusion strategies such as concatenation or direct addition, resulting in the ineffective utilization of advantageous features. 2) Traditional GCNs only consider the relationship between pairs of vertices, limiting their ability to capture complex high-order and long-range correlations. In this work, a novel differential feature fusion network (DF2Net) is proposed for HSI classification. Specifically, DF2Net utilizes two subnetworks to learn features at different abstraction levels: 1) the spectral–spatial hypergraph convolutional network for capturing complex high-order and long-range correlations, and the spectral–spatial convolution network for pixel-level local information extraction. Subsequently, we introduce an advantageous feature differential enhancement fusion module, in which mutual enhancement of advantageous features from different network structures is performed, thereby improving the classification robustness of different regions in HSI. The experiments on four HSI benchmark datasets demonstrate that our DF2Net exhibits superior advantages over state-of-the-art models, particularly when the training samples are limited

The osteogenic potential of mesoporous bioglasses/silk and non-mesoporous bioglasses/silk scaffolds in ovariectomized rats: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.

Silk-based scaffolds have been introduced to bone tissue regeneration for years, however, their local therapeutic efficiency in bone metabolic disease condition has been seldom reported. According to our previous report, mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG)/silk scaffolds exhibits superior in vitro bioactivity and in vivo osteogenic properties compared to non-mesoporous bioactive glass (BG)/silk scaffolds, but no information could be found about their efficiency in osteoporotic (OVX) environment. This study investigated a biomaterial-based approach for improving MSCs behavior in vitro, and accelerating OVX defect healing by using 3D BG/silk and MBG/silk scaffolds, and pure silk scaffolds as control. The results of SEM, CCK-8 assay and quantitative ALP activity showed that MBG/silk scaffolds can improve attachment, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of both O-MSCs and sham control. In vivo therapeutic efficiency was evaluated by μCT analysis, hematoxylin and eosin staining, safranin O staining and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, indicating accelerated bone formation with compatible scaffold degradation and reduced osteoclastic response of defect healing in OVX rats after 2 and 4 weeks treatment, with a rank order of MBG/silk > BG/silk > silk group. Immunohistochemical markers of COL I, OPN, BSP and OCN also revealed that MBG/silk scaffolds can better induce accelerated collagen and non-collagen matrix production. The findings of this study suggest that MBG/silk scaffolds provide a better environment for cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation, and act as potential substitute for treating local osteoporotic defects

A Study on Parameterization of the Beijing Winter Heavy Haze Events Associated with Height of Pollution Mixing Layer

North China Plain, Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei province are the major areas facing the decreasing air quality and frequent pollution events in the recent years. Identifying the effect of meteorological conditions on changes in aerosol concentration and the mechanism for forming such heavy pollution in North China Plain has become the focus of scientific research. The influence of atmospheric boundary layer characteristics on air quality has become the focus of attention and research. However, the boundary layer describes that the influences of air pollution have sometimes been duplicated and confused with each other in some of the studies. It is necessary to pay attention to some extent, raising awareness of related pollution mixing layer. The conclusions of the study include the following: (1) The lowered height of pollution mixing layer (H_PML) was favorable for the increase of the PM2.5 density. The lowered height of pollution mixing layer had significant impacts on formation of severe haze. (2) A statistical analysis of large-scale heavy pollution cases in eastern China shows that the H_PML parameters have significant contributions. (3) The feedback effect of the high value of the convection inhibition (CIN), which is unfavorable to vertical diffusion of pollution, causes further reduction of H_PML, resulting in cumulative pollution again

An new agent based distributed adaptive intrusion detection system

Conference Name:2012 2nd International Conference on Materials Science and Information Technology, MSIT 2012. Conference Address: Xi'an, Shaan, China. Time:August 24, 2012 - August 26, 2012.In order to overcome the excessive dependence among the traditional intrusion detection system components, high rate false-alarm phenomenon caused by multiple alarms to the same invasion, inability to adaptively replace mining algorithm when testing environment has changed and other issues, this paper puts forward an Agent based distributed adaptive intrusion detection system, which employs Joint Detection mechanism for mining algorithm module, and Dynamic Election algorithm for the recovery mechanism, thereby improving the system adaptive ability to the external change. 漏 (2012) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland

A method for HMM-based system calls intrusion detection based on hybrid training algorithm

Conference Name:2011 International Conference on Information and Automation, ICIA 2011. Conference Address: Shenzhen, China. Time:June 6, 2011 - June 8, 2011.HMM (Hidden Markov Model) is a very important intrusion detection tool. The classical HMM training algorithm is a climbing algorithm. It can only find a local optimal solution. To improve the accuracy of HMM training, this paper introduces a hybrid algorithm into intrusion detection. Experiments show that this algorithm can find a more accurate model. ? 2011 IEEE

Probe of Alcohol Structures in the Gas and Liquid States Using C–H Stretching Raman Spectroscopy

Vibrational spectroscopy is a powerful tool for probing molecular structures and dynamics since it offers a unique fingerprint that allows molecular identification. One of important aspects of applying vibrational spectroscopy is to develop the probes that can characterize the related properties of molecules such as the conformation and intermolecular interaction. Many examples of vibrational probes have appeared in the literature, including the azide group (–N3), amide group (–CONH2), nitrile groups (–CN), hydroxyl group (–OH), –CH group and so on. Among these probes, the –CH group is an excellent one since it is ubiquitous in organic and biological molecules and the C–H stretching vibrational spectrum is extraordinarily sensitive to the local molecular environment. However, one challenge encountered in the application of C–H probes arises from the difficulty in the accurate assignment due to spectral congestion in the C–H stretching region. In this paper, recent advances in the complete assignment of C–H stretching spectra of aliphatic alcohols and the utility of C–H vibration as a probe of the conformation and weak intermolecular interaction are outlined. These results fully demonstrated the potential of the –CH chemical group as a molecular probe