Kinematical Constraints on QCD Factorization in the Drell-Yan Process

We study factorization schemes for parton shower models in hadron-hadron collisions. As an example, we calculate lepton pair production mediated by a virtual photon in quark--anti-quark annihilation, and we compare factorized cross sections obtained in the conventional $\bar{\rm MS}$ scheme with those obtained in a factorization scheme in which a kinematical constraint due to parton radiation is taken into account. We discuss some properties of factorized cross sections.Comment: 10 pages, PTPTeX.sty, 1 Postscript figur

Erratum: Theory of charge transport in diffusive normal metal/unconventional singlet superconductor contacts [Phys. Rev. B 69, 144519 (2004)]

Applied Science

Cooperation between Japanese Linguistics and Japanese Language Education

In this paper, we consider the possibility of cooperation between Japanese linguistics and Japanese language education using the teaching material draft of ‘citation’ as a subject matter. In some instances, the work of applying new learning items added by the revision of the Government Course Curriculum Guidelines to the level of specific linguistic expression has not been done adequately. The first step in cooperation between Japanese linguistics and Japanese language education is to carry out such work on the Japanese linguistics end and to propose teaching material drafts. 要旨本稿では、「引用」の教材案を題材に、日本語学と国語科教育との協同の可能性について考えた。『学習指導要領』の改訂によって新たに加えられた学習事項については、具体的な言語表現のレベルに落とし込む作業が十分になされていない場合がある。このような作業を日本語学側で行い、教材案を提案していくことに日本語学と国語科教育との協同の第一歩がある

Envelope Expansion with Core Collapse. III. Similarity Isothermal Shocks in a Magnetofluid

We explore MHD solutions for envelope expansions with core collapse (EECC) with isothermal MHD shocks in a quasi-spherical symmetry and outline potential astrophysical applications of such magnetized shock flows. MHD shock solutions are classified into three classes according to the downstream characteristics near the core. Class I solutions are those characterized by free-fall collapses towards the core downstream of an MHD shock, while Class II solutions are those characterized by Larson-Penston (LP) type near the core downstream of an MHD shock. Class III solutions are novel, sharing both features of Class I and II solutions with the presence of a sufficiently strong magnetic field as a prerequisite. Various MHD processes may occur within the regime of these isothermal MHD shock similarity solutions, such as sub-magnetosonic oscillations, free-fall core collapses, radial contractions and expansions. We can also construct families of twin MHD shock solutions as well as an `isothermal MHD shock' separating two magnetofluid regions of two different yet constant temperatures. The versatile behaviours of such MHD shock solutions may be utilized to model a wide range of astrophysical problems, including star formation in magnetized molecular clouds, MHD link between the asymptotic giant branch phase to the proto-planetary nebula phase with a hot central magnetized white dwarf, relativistic MHD pulsar winds in supernova remnants, radio afterglows of soft gamma-ray repeaters and so forth.Comment: 21 pages, 33 figures, accepted by MNRA

Anomalous proximity effect in d-wave superconductors

The anomalous proximity effect between a d-wave superconductor and a surface layer with small electronic mean free path is studied theoretically in the framework of the Eilenberger equations. The angular and spatial structure of the pair potential and the quasiclassical propagators in the interface region is calculated selfconsistently. The variation of the spatially-resolved quasiparticle density of states from the bulk to the surface is studied. It is shown that the isotropic gapless superconducting state is induced in the disordered layer.Comment: 6 pages, 5 postscript figures. Submitted to Phys.Rev.

How Accurate Must Potentials Be for Successful Modeling of Protein Folding?

Protein sequences are believed to have been selected to provide the stability of, and reliable renaturation to, an encoded unique spatial fold. In recently proposed theoretical schemes, this selection is modeled as ``minimal frustration,'' or ``optimal energy'' of the desirable target conformation over all possible sequences, such that the ``design'' of the sequence is governed by the interactions between monomers. With replica mean field theory, we examine the possibility to reconstruct the renaturation, or freezing transition, of the ``designed'' heteropolymer given the inevitable errors in the determination of interaction energies, that is, the difference between sets (matrices) of interactions governing chain design and conformations, respectively. We find that the possibility of folding to the designed conformation is controlled by the correlations of the elements of the design and renaturation interaction matrices; unlike random heteropolymers, the ground state of designed heteropolymers is sufficiently stable, such that even a substantial error in the interaction energy should still yield correct renaturation.Comment: 28 pages, 3 postscript figures; tared, compressed, uuencode