Features of micro- and ultrastructure of low-fat butter and its low-fat analogues

The aim of the research was to study the features of the structure of low-fat butter and butter pastes, which, in terms of composition and properties, more fully meet the requirements of a healthy diet than high-fat types of butter. The objects of research were: butter with fat content of 72.5%; butter with fat content of 55% made with the addition of skimmed milk powder; butter of the same fat content with the addition of stabilizers based on guar and xanthan gums and emulsifiers based on monoand diglycerides of fatty acids; butter pastes with fat content of 45% with similar additives used to increase the stability of the process of butter formation and improve the texture. The microstructure was studied using an MBI-6 microscope, and the ultramicrostructure was studied using a Phillips electron microscope. In the first case, the sample was prepared by crushing the sample, in the second one — by the method of ultrafast freeze-fracture and etching. Researches have shown that the use of the introduced ingredients improves the homogeneity of the structure of the studied products. Due to the ability of milk proteins and stabilizers to retain moisture, it is more evenly distributed and well retained in the fat matrix of the product, formed from crystalline and liquid fat in the form of a continuous phase, which is confirmed by a sufficient penetration depth of the fat-soluble dye. Plasma droplets in butter with fat content of 72.5% and 55% are more isolated than in butter pastes, as indicated by the greater penetration depth of the water-soluble dye. The average diameter of isolated moisture droplets in low-fat products was 3.3–5.4 μm, and the average diameter of the fat globules that form the basis of the crystalline framework was 5.4–7.4 μm, depending on the composition of the product. For butter with fat content of 72.5%, the values of these indicators were 2.8 and 4.0 μm. The results of the study indicate the presence of differences in the sizes of structural elements, but at the same time confirm the uniformity of the structure of low-fat products, allowing them to be attributed to dispersions «water-in-oil»

Molecular authentication of some rare Iris (Iridaceae) species from Uzbekistan

The determination of nucleotide sequences in DNA, sequencing of chloroplast genomes techniques, based on the use of combinations a significant number genetic markers, as well as the nuclear genome are widely use for inventory of rare plant species, ecological monitoring and species diversity assessment. The results of our molecular analysis are used to examine the taxonomic identity and phylogenetic relationship of the studied Iris species collected in Uzbekistan. The genotyping of three-four functional loci of nrDNA and cpDNA was performed for efficient species identification and confident results. The nuclear ITS gene sequences and chloroplast trnL-trnF, rbcL, matK gene sequences were obtained from 10 Iris species and have proven to be useful as molecular markers for species identification. Sequences of cpDNA regions, have been used to assess interspecific relationships of Iris. Hierarchical clustering were constructed using 13 consensus matK gene sequences. In this study, we consider the possibility of successful application the DNA barcoding as a tool for assessment of wild Iris species diversity in Uzbekistan

POLYOLATES OF BIOGENIC ELEMENTS AND THEIR MODIFIED DERIVATIVES IN SOL‒GEL SYNTHESIS OF DRUGS FOR TOPICAL APPLICATION IN MEDICINE AND VETERINARY

We have synthesized by sol‒gel method fairly extensive series of bioactive elementcontaining hydrogels based on polyolates of biogenic elements (silicon, zinc, boron, iron) and their modified derivatives1-5. Element-containing polyolates which are biocompatible and bioactive precursors in sol-gel synthesis have no negative effect on the biomacromolecules unlike commonly used alkoxy precursors, such as tetraethoxysilane Si(OEt)4. Moreover, the sol‒gel processing proceeds under mild conditions without using additional homogenizing solvent or catalyst. General regularities and features of gelation process were established for various element-containing precursors and also in comparison with alkoxy precursors.This work was carried out in the framework of State Assignment of the Russian Federation, Project No. АААА-А19-119011790134-1

Results of sleeve gastrectomy in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance: Retrospective cohort registry-based study

Background. In the available literature, the data on the positive effects of sleeve gastrectomy in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) become more common, however, they are heterogeneous and not always unambiguous.The aim. To analyze our own results of treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance, who underwent sleeve gastrectomy.Materials and methods. Retrospective cohort registry-based study was carried out. From 2016 to April 2021, 29 (19 %) and 7 (4.6 %) patients with diagnosed T2DM and IGT respectively underwent surgery. Of these, sleeve gastrectomy was performed in 13  (44.8  %)  patients with type  2 diabetes mellitus and in 5  (71.4  %)  patients with IGT. The mean duration of follow-up for T2DM and IGT patients was 14.2 ± 12.3 and 11.2 ± 9.0 months respectively.Results. The mean %EWL (% excess weight loss) in patients with T2DM and IGT was 44.1 ± 17.3 and 51.5 ± 16.9 respectively, and the mean %TWL (% total weight loss) was 25.0 ± 8.0 and 27.8 ± 6.0 respectively. At the moment of observation, all patients had normal level of fasting blood glucose. The level of HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes before the surgery was 8.2 ± 1.6, after surgery, at the time of observation – 5.8 ± 0.5 (U = 4; p ≤ 0.01). Targeted HbA1c values was recorded in all 13 patients with type 2 diabetes.Conclusion. Our study shows the efficiency of sleeve gastrectomy both in terms of weight loss and of the remission for patients with T2DM and IGT

Structural Features and Antimicrobial Activity of Silicon-Zinc-Boron-Containing Glycerohydrogel

This work was carried out within the framework of the project of UB RAS Integrated Program (theme № АААА-А18-118020290163-9)

MAIN RESULTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL YOUTH DANILOV ENERGY FORUM — 2019

Brief results of the International Youth Danilovsky Energy Forum held at Ural Federal University (Yekaterinburg, December 9–13, 2019) are presented. The main results of the student Olympiad and conferences “Energy and Resource Saving. Power supply. Non-traditional and renewable energy sources. Nuclear power” are presented.Представлены краткие итоги Международного молодежного Даниловского энергетического форума, проведенного в Уральском федеральном университете (Екатеринбург, 9–13 декабря 2019 г.). Изложены основные результаты студенческой олимпиады и научно-практической конференции, рассматривающих следующие темы: энерго- и ресурсосбережение, нетрадиционные и возобновляемые источники энергии, атомная энергетика

Analysis of the Main Results of the International Youth Danilov Energy Forums held in 2020 and 2021

В работе представлен краткий анализ основных результатов проведения Международных молодежных Даниловских энергетических форумов в УрФУ в 2020 и 2021 гг. Показано соответствие приоритетной научной тематике. Приведено количество участников студенческих олимпиад, показаны достижения вузов, представленные в учебных конкурсах, указаны численные данные по секционной работе на конференции научной молодежи УрФУ и иногородних вузов.The paper presents a brief analysis of the main results of the International Youth Danilov Energy Forumsin UrFU in 2020 and 2021. Compliance with priority scientific topics is shown. The number of participants in student Olympiads and the achievements of universities represented in educational competitions are given, numerical data on sectional work at the conference of scientific youth of UrFU and out-of-town universities is indicated

MAIN RESULTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL YOUTH DANILOVSKY ENERGY FORUM – OLYMPIADS AND CONFERENCES “ENERGY AND RESOURCE SAVING. POWER SUPPLY. NON-TRADITIONAL AND RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY. NUCLEAR ENERGY” – 2018 IN URFU

Представлены краткие итоги Международного молодежного Даниловского энергетического Форума, проведенного в УрФУ, г. Екатеринбург 10-14 декабря 2018 г. Изложены основные результаты олимпиады по дисциплинам «Энерго- и ресурсосбережение», «Нетрадиционные и возобновляемые источники энергии», «Атомная энергетика» и конференции «Энерго- и ресурсосбережение. Энергообеспечение. Нетрадиционные и возобновляемые источники энергии. Атомная энергетика».Brief results of the International Youth Danilov Energy Forum held in UrFU Yekaterinburg, December 10-14, 2018 are presented. The main results of the Olympiad in the disciplines “Energy and Resource Saving”, “Alternative and Renewable Energy Sources”, “Nuclear Energy” and conferences are presented “Energy and resource saving. Power supply. Unconventional and renewable energy sources. Nuclear power"