34,638 research outputs found
Excitonic energy transfer in light-harvesting complexes in purple bacteria
Two distinct approaches, the Frenkel-Dirac time-dependent variation and the
Haken-Strobl model, are adopted to study energy transfer dynamics in
single-ring and double-ring light-harvesting systems in purple bacteria. It is
found that inclusion of long-range dipolar interactions in the two methods
results in significant increases in intra- or inter-ring exciton transfer
efficiency. The dependence of exciton transfer efficiency on trapping positions
on single rings of LH2 (B850) and LH1 is similar to that in toy models with
nearest-neighbor coupling only. However, owing to the symmetry breaking caused
by the dimerization of BChls and dipolar couplings, such dependence has been
largely suppressed. In the studies of coupled-ring systems, both methods reveal
interesting role of dipolar interaction in increasing energy transfer
efficiency by introducing multiple intra/inter-ring transfer paths.
Importantly, the time scale (~4ps) of inter-ring exciton transfer obtained from
polaron dynamics is in good agreement with previous studies. In a double-ring
LH2 system, dipole-induced symmetry breaking leads to global minima and local
minima of the average trapping time when there is a finite value of non-zero
dephasing rate, suggesting that environment plays a role in preserving quantum
coherent energy transfer. In contrast, dephasing comes into play only when the
perfect cylindrical symmetry in the hypothetic system is broken. This study has
revealed that dipolar interaction between chromophores may play an important
part in the high energy transfer efficiency in the LH2 system and many other
natural photosynthetic systems.Comment: 14 pages 9 figure
Nonlinear photoacoustic microscopy via a loss modulation technique: from detection to imaging
In order to achieve high-resolution deep-tissue imaging, multi-photon fluorescence microscopy and photoacoustic tomography had been proposed in the past two decades. However, combining the advantages of these two imaging systems to achieve optical-spatial resolution with an ultrasonic-penetration depth is still a field with challenges. In this paper, we investigate the detection of the two-photon photoacoustic ultrasound, and first demonstrate background-free two-photon photoacoustic imaging in a phantom sample. To generate the background-free two-photon photoacoustic signals, we used a high-repetition rate femtosecond laser to induce narrowband excitation. Combining a loss modulation technique, we successfully created a beating on the light intensity, which not only provides pure sinusoidal modulation, but also ensures the spectrum sensitivity and frequency selectivity. By using the lock-in detection, the power dependency experiment validates our methodology to frequency-select the source of the nonlinearity. This ensures our capability of measuring the background-free two-photon photoacoustic waves by detecting the 2nd order beating signal directly. Furthermore, by mixing the nanoparticles and fluorescence dyes as contrast agents, the two-photon photoacoustic signal was found to be enhanced and detected. In the end, we demonstrate subsurface two-photon photoacoustic bio-imaging based on the optical scanning mechanism inside phantom samples
Expression of PD-L1 in triple-negative breast cancer based on different immunohistochemical antibodies
Additional file 1. Additional Tables, Tables S1–S4
Retroperitoneal hemorrhage caused by enoxaparin-induced spontaneous lumbar artery bleeding and treated by transcatheter arterial embolization: a case report
Lumbar artery bleeding with retroperitoneal hematoma is an uncommon life-threatening complication secondary to enoxaparin use. We present a case of 73-year-old Chinese woman with acute retroperitoneal hemorrhage one month following hip surgery, due to enoxaparine. Enoxaparin induced hemorrhage caused by spontaneous rupture of lumbar artery was suspected and treated successfully by transcatheter arterial embolization
Abnormality Detection in Retinal Images
The implementation of data mining techniques in the medical area has generated great interest because of its potential for more efficient, economic and robust performance when compared to physicians. In this paper, we focus on the implementation of Multiple-Instance Learning (MIL) in the area of medical image mining, particularly to hard exudates detection in retinal images from diabetic patients. Our proposed approach deals with the highly noisy images that are common in the medical area, improving the detection specificity while keeping the sensitivity as high as possible. We have also investigated the effect of feature selection on system performance. We describe how we implement the idea of MIL on the problem of retinal image mining, discuss the issues that are characteristic of retinal images as well as issues common to other medical image mining problems, and report the results of initial experiments.Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA
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