Channel-Width Dependent Enhancement in Nanoscale Field Effect Transistor

We report the observation of channel-width dependent enhancement in nanoscale field effect transistors containing lithographically-patterned silicon nanowires as the conduction channel. These devices behave as conventional metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors in reverse source drain bias. Reduction of nanowire width below 200 nm leads to dramatic change in the threshold voltage. Due to increased surface-to-volume ratio, these devices show higher transconductance per unit width at smaller width. Our devices with nanoscale channel width demonstrate extreme sensitivity to surface field profile, and therefore can be used as logic elements in computation and as ultrasensitive sensors of surface-charge in chemical and biological species.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, two-column format. Related papers can be found at http://nano.bu.ed

DEVELOPMENT OF MOBILE TRAVEL GUIDE APPLICATION FOR MUSEUMS

In recent years, the development of worldwide travel has been outstanding. At the same time, due to the fast development of the travel business, it is important to offer tourists an enhanced travel platform. In China, most of museums still use narrators to do presentation about exhibition. In order to support museums to provide service in various ways, online product is essential. During the research process for completing this Thesis work, a mobile travel guide application was developed according to the existing condition of museums, which is based on an existing application. The objective of this project was to develop a mobile travel guide application with added functions to an existing application. The main goal of the application is to provide a wide variety of functions for museums to benefit visitors to museums. Moreover, this application aims to reach the right target group, and do real-time data analysis. The research draws from the actual demand analysis, developing a mobile application on the Android operating system. The application is an interaction application, and is added with some functions that are different from the existing one. The constructive research method was used to specify and analyze possible existing problem, in order to achieve a satisfactory result. Database concept was studied to construct database for the application. Usability studies were used to create graphical interfaces. There were several tools used in the development. Android studio was utilized to create the Android development environment. Hierarchy viewer is a tool to examine and design the User Interface. The test tool Android Virtual Device Nexus 5 in Android studio was mainly used for program automatic testing. The outcome of this research is a practical and easy application that everyone is able to use. It includes basic function which is textual and audio explanation, and added functions which are online ticketing sale and online shop service

Assessment of carotid atherosclerotic disease using three-dimensional cardiovascular magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging: comparison with digital subtraction angiography.

BACKGROUND:A three-dimensional (3D) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) vessel wall imaging (VWI) technique based on 3D T1 weighted (T1w) Sampling Perfection with Application-optimized Contrast using different flip angle Evolutions (SPACE) has recently been used as a promising CMR imaging modality for evaluating extra-cranial and intra-cranial vessel walls. However, this technique is yet to be validated against the current diagnostic imaging standard. We therefore aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 3D CMR VWI in characterizing carotid disease using intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as a reference. METHODS:Consecutive patients with at least unilateral > 50% carotid stenosis on ultrasound were scheduled to undergo interventional therapy were invited to participate. The following metrics were measured using 3D CMR VWI and DSA: lumen diameter of the common carotid artery (CCA) and segments C1-C7, stenosis diameter, reference diameter, lesion length, stenosis degree, and ulceration. We assessed the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 3D CMR VWI, and used Cohen's kappa, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Bland-Altman analyses to assess the diagnostic agreement between 3D CMR VWI and DSA. RESULTS:The ICC (all ICCs ≥0.96) and Bland-Altman plots indicated excellent inter-reader agreement in all individual morphologic measurements by 3D CMR VWI. Excellent agreement in all individual morphologic measurements were also found between 3D CMR VWI and DSA. In addition, 3D CMR VWI had high sensitivity (98.4, 97.4, 80.0, 100.0%), specificity (100.0, 94.5, 99.1, 98.0%), and Cohen's kappa (0.99, 0.89, 0.84, 0.96) for detecting stenosis > 50%, stenosis > 70%, ulceration, and total occlusion, respectively, using DSA as the standard. The AUC of 3D CMR VWI for predicting stenosis > 50 and > 70% were 0.998 and 0.999, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The 3D CMR VWI technique enables accurate diagnosis and luminal feature assessment of carotid artery atherosclerosis, suggesting that this imaging modality may be useful for routine imaging workups and provide comprehensive information for both the vessel wall and lumen

Quantum parallel dense coding of optical images

We propose quantum dense coding protocol for optical images. This protocol extends the earlier proposed dense coding scheme for continuous variables [S.L.Braunstein and H.J.Kimble, Phys.Rev.A 61, 042302 (2000)] to an essentially multimode in space and time optical quantum communication channel. This new scheme allows, in particular, for parallel dense coding of non-stationary optical images. Similar to some other quantum dense coding protocols, our scheme exploits the possibility of sending a classical message through only one of the two entangled spatially-multimode beams, using the other one as a reference system. We evaluate the Shannon mutual information for our protocol and find that it is superior to the standard quantum limit. Finally, we show how to optimize the performance of our scheme as a function of the spatio-temporal parameters of the multimode entangled light and of the input images.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX4. Submitted to the Special Issue on Quantum Imaging in Journal of Modern Optic