Elementary School Children\u27s Perspective of Interactive Activities in English Class in China

Much research regarding implementation of interactive English activities in Chinese elementary schools has been conducted. Missing, however, are studies from children’s perspectives. To garner an initial look into young Chinese students’ perspectives regarding English learning, a 41-question survey was conducted to investigate their perceptions of interactive activities. Sixty-seven participants (30 boys and 37 girls) between ages nine and twelve were included. Results showed that 88% of these students want interactive activities because they can learn happily, and 79% reported that the interactive activity help improve their test scores. Indeed, most students agreed that interactive activities enhance relationships among students, teachers, and parents. However, 19% of the students complained that interactive activities are a waste of time. Overall, students mostly lauded interactive activity but with caveats, namely one of a learning curve. Indeed, Chinese students may appreciate interactive learning, but many students may require years adapting themselves to such in-class structure

The Application and Exploration of “Bidirectional Invitational” Teaching from the Perspective of Subject Core Literacy

In the new round of curriculum reform, the cultivation of core competencies has become the standard of education. This article proposes a “two-way invitation” teaching model, which is different from traditional teaching models by creating an interactive teaching environment between teachers and students. The two-way invitation between teachers and students allows different perspectives to collide and blend, stimulating students’ initiative and exploration, thereby improving the effectiveness of classroom teaching and better carrying out education and teaching work to cultivate students’ core literacy

SEKOLAH SEPAKBOLA USIA MUDA DI BANDA ACEH

Sepakbola merupakan olahraga yang sangat populer dan digemari di dunia, begitu juga di Indonesia. Tak heran jika hampir semua negara di dunia berlomba-lomba menggalang prestasi membanggakan di cabang olahraga ini. Indonesia belum mampu meraih prestasi yang membanggakan di cabang olahraga sepakbola, bahkan Indonesia sulit bersaing di kancah Internasional. Klub-klub sepakbola Aceh juga tidak dapat berbuat banyak di kompetisi internal, sedangkan Aceh merupakan salah satu provinsi yang banyak memunculkan pemain muda berbakat.Kualitas persepakbolaan di Indonesia yang rendah dan minim prestasi ini dikarenakan kurang pembinaan dan pelatihan pemain mulai dari usia dini untuk didik menjadi pemain profesional. Sarana pelatihan yang ada di Indonesia belum serius ke arah profesional seperti akademi sepakbola di Eropa. Di negara-negara maju dalam sepakbola, prestasi tim nasional pada umumnya dilatarbelakangi oleh sistem dan proses pembinaan klub yang sudah mapan.Sekolah sepakbola usia muda di Banda Aceh merupakan sebuah sarana pelatihan dan pembinaan sepakbola pemain usia dini di Banda Aceh. Pemain tersebut akan dididik, dilatih dan dibina sejak dini sebagai usaha pembibitan pemain sepakbola Aceh yang potensial. Sekolah sepakbola ini berlokasi di Lhong Raya, sesuai dengan rencana pengembangan kawasan pusat olahraga di Banda Aceh. Dengan mengusung tema arsitektur metafora, diharapkan bangunan sekolah sepakbola ini dapat menjadi objek arsitektur yang melekat di masyarakat.Tahap awal dalam proses perancangan Sekolah Sepakbola Usia Muda di Banda Aceh ini adalah studi literatur data dan studi banding. Selanjutnya permasalahan yang ada diidentifikasi dan dianalisis sesuai dengan batasan perancangan. Dalam lingkup batasan tema arsitektur metafora dan kondisi iklim setempat selanjutnya melahirkan konsep perancangan sesuai dengan hasil analisis.Kata kunci: olahraga, sekolah, sepakbolaBanda Ace

Efficacy and Safety of Clearing Heat and Detoxifying Injection in the Treatment of Influenza: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of CHDI in the treatment of influenza infection. Method. A randomized double-blind, double dummy trial was conducted. Influenza patients with a positive influenza A rapid test diagnosis were randomized to receive CHDI or oseltamivir. Primary outcome was assessed by the median fever alleviation time and clearance time, and secondary outcome was total scores of influenza symptoms. Results. One hundred thirty-nine participants were screened and 34 had a RT-PCR laboratory confirmation of influenza virus infection. Fever alleviation time was 2.5 and 5 hours in CHDI and oseltamivir, respectively, and fever clearance time was 32.5 and 49 hours. The HR of fever alleviation and clearance time shows no significant difference between two groups. Total scores of influenza symptoms descended significantly in both groups after treatment and descended more in CHDI than oseltamivir on day 2. Similar to total symptoms severity score, fever severity score descend more significantly in CHDI than oseltamivir on day 2, and there were no differences on other symptoms. Conclusions. CHDI have a similar effect to oseltamivir in reducing the duration of influenza illness. CHDI was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events noted during the study period

Immunization of Mice with Recombinant Protein CobB or AsnC Confers Protection against Brucella abortus Infection

Due to drawbacks of live attenuated vaccines, much more attention has been focused on screening of Brucella protective antigens as subunit vaccine candidates. Brucella is a facultative intracellular bacterium and cell mediated immunity plays essential roles for protection against Brucella infection. Identification of Brucella antigens that present T-cell epitopes to the host could enable development of such vaccines. In this study, 45 proven or putative pathogenesis-associated factors of Brucella were selected according to currently available data. After expressed and purified, 35 proteins were qualified for analysis of their abilities to stimulate T-cell responses in vitro. Then, an in vitro gamma interferon (IFN-γ) assay was used to identify potential T-cell antigens from B. abortus. In total, 7 individual proteins that stimulated strong IFN-γ responses in splenocytes from mice immunized with B. abortus live vaccine S19 were identified. The protective efficiencies of these 7 recombinant proteins were further evaluated. Mice given BAB1_1316 (CobB) or BAB1_1688 (AsnC) plus adjuvant could provide protection against virulent B. abortus infection, similarly with the known protective antigen Cu-Zn SOD and the license vaccine S19. In addition, CobB and AsnC could induce strong antibodies responses in BALB/c mice. Altogether, the present study showed that CobB or AsnC protein could be useful antigen candidates for the development of subunit vaccines against brucellosis with adequate immunogenicity and protection efficacy

Brain-specific Crmp2 deletion leads to neuronal development deficits and behavioural impairments in mice

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by grants from NSF (31430037/31271156/ 31270826) and MOST (2014CB942801/2012CB517904/2012YQ03026006) to Z.X.; from NIH (NS048271, MH105128) to G.-l.M., from NIH (NS047344) to H.S., and from NRASAD to E.K. and K.M.C. Author notes: Hongsheng Zhang, Eunchai Kang and Yaqing Wang: These authors contributed equally to this work.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

In Situ Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Reinforced Silicone-Acrylate Resin Composite Films Applied in Erosion Resistance

The reduced graphene oxide reinforced silicone-acrylate resin composite films (rGO/SAR composite films) were prepared by in situ synthesis method. The structure of rGO/SAR composite films was characterized by Raman spectrum, atomic force microscope, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analyzer. The results showed that the rGO were uniformly dispersed in silicone-acrylate resin matrix. Furthermore, the effect of rGO loading on mechanical properties of composite films was investigated by bulge test. A significant enhancement (ca. 290% and 320%) in Young’s modulus and yield stress was obtained by adding the rGO to silicone-acrylate resin. At the same time, the adhesive energy between the composite films and metal substrate was also improved to be about 200%. Moreover, the erosion resistance of the composite films was also investigated as function of rGO loading. The rGO had great effect on the erosion resistance of the composite films, in which the Rcorr (ca. 0.8 mm/year) of composite film was far lower than that (28.7 mm/year) of pure silicone-acrylate resin film. Thus, this approach provides a novel route to investigate mechanical stability of polymer composite films and improve erosion resistance of polymer coating, which are very important to be used in mechanical-corrosion coupling environments

Transfer of PBMC From SSc Patients Induces Autoantibodies and Systemic Inflammation in Rag2-/-/IL2rg-/- Mice

ObjectiveThe contribution of sustained autologous autoantibody production by B cells to the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is not fully understood. To investigate this, a humanized mouse model was generated by transferring patient-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) into immunocompromised mice.MethodsPBMC derived from patients with SSc and GPA as well as healthy controls (HD) were isolated, characterized by flow cytometry, and infused into Rag2-/-/IL2rg-/- mice. In addition, PBMC from SSc patients treated with rituximab were transferred into mice. Twelve weeks later, human autoantibodies were determined in blood of the recipient mice and affected tissues were analyzed for pathological changes by histology and immunohistochemistry.ResultsMice engrafted with PBMC derived from SSc patients developed autoantibodies such as antinuclear antibodies (ANA) mimicking the pattern of the respective donors. Moreover, cellular infiltrates dominated by B cells were observed in lung, kidney and muscles of the recipient mice. By contrast, PBMC derived from HD or GPA patients survived in recipient mice after transfer, but neither human autoantibodies nor inflammatory infiltrates in tissues were detected. Furthermore, these pathological changes were absent in mice transferred with PBMC from rituximab-treated SSc patients.ConclusionThis humanized mouse model is indicative for cross-reactivity of human lymphocytes to murine autoantigens and argues for a pivotal role of B cells as well as of sustained autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of SSc. It provides a powerful tool to study interstitial lung disease and so far, under-recognized disease manifestations such as myositis and interstitial nephritis