A Comparative Study of Intelligence in Children of Consanguineous and Non-consanguineous Marriages and its Relationship with Holland’s Personality Types in High School Students of Tehran

Introduction: The present research aims to study and compare intelligence in children of consanguineous and non-consanguineous marriages and its relation with Holland’s personality types.Methodology: This is a descriptive study and uses an ex-post facto design. The statistical population is comprised of all high school students of Tehran province in the school year 2010-2011. The sample size includes 1,221 students, 628 of whom are children of consanguineous marriages and 593 are children of non-consanguineous marriages. The researchers employed Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test and Holland Code (RIASEC) Test for data collection.Findings: T-test results indicate that there is no signifiant difference in intelligence between children of consanguineous marriages and those of non-consanguineous marriages. However, descriptive data indicate that the mean IQ in children of consanguineous marriages is one unit lower than those of non-consanguineous marriages. Also, the results of variance analysis reveal that the difference in intelligence between different personality types is signifiant. Tukey’s post hoc test results indicate that students with an investigative personality type have a higher intelligence compared with those with other personality types

Association of autoimmune pancreatitis with Raghib syndrome

Key Clinical Message Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a form of chronic pancreatitis scarcely found in children. Raghib syndrome is a rare congenital heart defect known as persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC) draining into the left atrium. Total signs of Raghib syndrome in AIP case accompanied by an IgG4‐related disease were described. Abstract Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a form of chronic pancreatitis scarcely found in children. Raghib syndrome is a rare congenital heart defect known as persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC) draining into the left atrium. Here, we describe Raghib syndrome in AIP case accompanied by an IgG4‐related disease (AIP/IgG4RD). A 13‐year‐old boy presented with a 3‐month history of fever and abdominal pain. The laboratory findings showed SGOT and SGPT, ALP was increased, while amylase and γ‐GT were normal. Immunoglobulins were normal, except for IgG. Endosonography, spiral CT of the abdomen, and cholangiopancreatography showed an enlargement of the pancreas. Contrast echocardiography discovered opacification of the coronary sinus and left atrium. Transesophageal echocardiography for LSVC revealed a dilatation in the coronary sinus, indicating persistent LSVC. Following the injection of agitated saline into the left antecubital vein, bubbles entered both left and right atria in LSVC. It is reasonable to exclude some of these rare disorders as Raghib syndrome, in cases that will be started on medications like corticosteroids, which increases the susceptibility to thromboembolic events

Retinopathy of Prematurity among 1000-2000 gram Birth Weight Newborn Infants

Objective: The goal of this study was to identify the risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in neonatal intensive care unitin preterm infants born with birth weight 1000-2000g or at gestational age less than 34 weeks. Material & Methods: From August 2000 to December 2001, 50 preterm newborn infants with birth weights less than 2000 g or gestational age less than 34 weeks admitted to the NICU were studied. Newborn infants with birth weight between 1200-2000g who received more than 6 hours oxygen and newborn infants with birth weight 1000-1200 g regardless of oxygen therapy, who survived until 4 weeks postnatal, were enrolled and followed. Patients underwent indirect ophthalmologic examination by two ophthalmologists between 4-8 weeks post partum. The newborn infants who had ROP were assigned to case group and those without ROP to control group, both groups were reexamined every 2-4 weeks or according to international classification of retinopathy of prematurity (ICROP) advice. Findings: Fifty newborn infants, 36 (72%) in control group, 14 (28%) in case group, were studied. Gestational age and birth weight of the patients with ROP were significantly lower than those of control group. Duration of oxygen therapy, hyperoxia, acidosis, hypercarbia, hypocarbia and phototherapy are suggested as risk factors contributing to ROP. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that the ROP frequency remains elevated among premature and very low birth weight infants. Infants at risk for ROP should have screening eye examinations and proper treatment

Familial Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis: Report of a Family with Three Affected Children

Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is a developmental disorder of the biliary system, characterized by defective remodeling of the ductal plate. Herein a family of three children, from consanguineous parents, with minor thalassemia is presented who suffered from congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF). Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are necessary to avoid further complications in the affected patients

Adjuvant pomegranate juice intake improves the inflammatory status of hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A randomized and placebo-controlled trial

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pomegranate juice intake on the inflammatory status and complete blood count in hospitalized Covid-19 patients. Methods: This randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled trial included 48 patients with two parallel arms. In addition to the standard care provided at the hospital, the patients consumed 500 mL of whole pomegranate juice (PJ) daily or a placebo for 14 days. Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)) and complete blood count were determined at baseline and after the 14 days of intervention. Results: At the end of the intervention, a significant decreased was observed in primary outcomes [mean difference (95 %CI)] including IL-6 [5.24(0.87–9.61)], CRP [23.19(11.93–34.44)] and ESR [10.52(1.54–19.50)] in the PJ group vs. before the intervention. In addition, significant changes were also observed in the some of the secondary outcomes, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, platelets-to-lymphocyte(PLR) and neutrophils-to-lymphocyte (NLR) ratios (p < 0.05) in the PJ group compared to before the intervention. At the end of the intervention period, the mean change of IL-6 [− 7.09(−12.21 to − 1.96)], white blood cells [− 3.09(− 6.14 to − 0.05)], neutrophils [− 9.12(−18.08 to −0.15)], lymphocyte [7.05(0.17–13.92)], platelets [− 94.54(− 139.33 to − 49.75)], PLR [− 15.99(− 29.31 to − 2.67)], blood oxygen saturation [1.75(0.13–3.37)] and MCV [0.31(− 0.25 to 0.88)] levels were significantly different between groups while no difference was observed between the two groups in other blood indices. Conclusion: Our results suggest that pomegranate juice intake might slightly improve the inflammatory status and CBC outcomes of COVID-19 patients and it may be beneficial

The Iranian blood pressure measurement campaign, 2019: study protocol and preliminary results

Purpose Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for premature mortality and morbidity in Iran. The objective of the Iranian blood pressure (BP) measurement campaign was to identify individuals with raised blood pressure and providing appropriate care and increase the awareness among the public and policymakers of the importance of tackling hypertension. Methods The campaign was conducted in two phases. The first (communication) phase started on May 17th (International Hypertension Day). The second phase started on June 8th, 2019, and lasted up to July 7th during which, blood pressures were measured. The target population was Iranians aged >= 30 years. Participants voluntarily referred to health houses in rural and health posts and comprehensive health centers in urban areas in the setting of the Primary Health Care network. Additionally, over 13,700 temporary stations were set up in highly visited places in urban areas. Volunteer healthcare staff interviewed the participants, measured their BP, and provided them with lifestyle advice and knowledge of the risks and consequences of high blood pressure. They referred participants to physicians in case their BP was high. Participants immediately received a text message containing the relevant advice based on their measured BP and their past history. Results Blood pressure was measured for a total of 26,678,394 participants in the campaign. A total of 13,722,148 participants (51.4%) were female. The mean age was 46 +/- 14.1 years. Among total participants, 15,012,693 adults (56.3%) with no past history of hypertension had normal BP, 7,959,288 participants had BP in the prehypertension range (29.8%), and finally, 3,706,413 participants (13.9%) had either past medical history of hypertension, used medications, or had high BP measured in the campaign. Conclusion The campaign was feasible with the objective to increase the awareness among the public and policymakers of the importance of tackling hypertension in Iran