3,454 research outputs found
Dependence of GCRs influx on the Solar North-South Asymmetry
We investigate the dependence of the amount of the observed galactic cosmic
ray (GCR) influx on the solar North-South asymmetry using the neutron count
rates obtained from four stations and sunspot data in archives spanning six
solar cycles from 1953 to 2008. We find that the observed GCR influxes at
Moscow, Kiel, Climax and Huancayo stations are more suppressed when the solar
activity in the southern hemisphere is dominant compared with when the solar
activity in the northern hemisphere is dominant. Its reduction rates at four
stations are all larger than those of the suppression due to other factors
including the solar polarity effect on the GCR influx. We perform the student's
t-test to see how significant these suppressions are. It is found that
suppressions due to the solar North-South asymmetry as well as the solar
polarity are significant and yet the suppressions associated with the former
are larger and more significant.Comment: 17 pages, 3figures, accepted to JAST
Image Data Compensation to Prevent Display Artifacts on an OLED Display
This publication describes techniques for image data compensation that prevent display artifacts on an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display when the refresh rate and the clock speed of the display are changed. The OLED display may be implemented in a mobile device that supports multiple refresh rates. To conserve power, the mobile device may alter the refresh rate and clock speed of the OLED display from a first refresh rate and clock speed to a second refresh rate and clock speed. Image data intended to be displayed on a particular pixel row of the OLED display may be compensated based on the first refresh rate, the second refresh rate, and the location of the particular pixel row within the OLED display to generate compensated image data. Using the techniques described herein, the compensated image data may be output for use in preventing display artifacts while the image data is displayed in a first frame after the refresh rate and clock speed are changed
A Human Embryo of Carnegie Stage 13
A human embryo obtained from a salpinx resected for the treatment
of an ectopic gestation was serially sectioned and observed. Four chambers of the
heart were well delineated, though not completely separated. The dorsal pancreas
was observed while the ventral pancreas was not yet formed. It was hard to clearly
demarcate the cecal area because of no obvious dilatation. The septum
transversum was nearly completely occupied by the hepatic parenchyme. The gall
bladder-cyctic duct primordium was also observed. The intestine distal to the
duodenum was attached to the posterior body wall by a prominent dorsal mesentery.
The respiratory tree showed primary bronchi, and no mesenchymal differentiation
around the tree was achieved yet. The mesonephric system showed variable
developmental features depending on their location in the body. The
mesonephric duct was already connected to the cloaca, and some localized dilatation
of the duct surrounded by mesenchymal condensation, which would become
the metanephric blastema, foretold the formation of the ureteric bud. The otocyst
had been completely separated from the skin ectoderm and the endolymphatic
duct had begun to form. Eye primordium observed was the optic cup. The well
established lense placode impended to invaginate. Although this embryo showed
a few characteristics of stage 14, it may be reasonable to regard this embryo as
an older member of stage 13, considering the overall developmental status
Ionothermal Synthesis of Metal-Organic Framework
Ionothermal synthesis employs ionic liquids for synthesis of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as solvent and template. The cations and anions of ionic liquids may be finely adjusted to produce a great variety of reaction environments and thus frameworks. Organisation of the structures synthesised from related ionic liquid combinations give rise to provocative chemical trends that may be used to predict future outcomes. Further analysis of their structures is possible by reducing the complex framework to its underlying topology, which by itself brings more precision to prediction. Through reduction, many seemingly different, but related classes of structures may be merged into larger groups and provide better understanding of the nanoscopic structures and synthesis conditions that gave rise to them. Ionothermal synthesis has promised to enable us to effectively plan the synthesis ahead for a given purpose. However, for its promise to be kept, several difficult limitations must be overcome, including the inseparable cations from the solvent that reside in the framework pore
Cephalometric predictors of long-term stability in the early treatment of class III malocclusion
The aim of this study was to examine the differences in the early craniofacial morphology
of Class III malocclusions. Lateral cephalograms of 45 subjects with a Class III malocclusion
and an anterior crossbite in the deciduous or mixed dentition were examined before treatment,
after treatment, and during the long-term retention stage. The anterior crossbites of all
patients were corrected after a series of orthodontic treatments. After a mean follow-up period of
5.7 years, all the subjects were reevaluated and divided into three groups according to the final
occlusal status: good, fair, and poor occlusal stability. Twenty cephalometric variables on the
pretreatment lateral cephalograms were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and discriminant
analysis to identify the key determinants for discriminating among the three groups. Among
the 20 variables, 11 showed statistical significance. Generally, the subjects with a smaller gonial
angle and a more hypodivergent skeletal pattern had good prognosis after the early treatment of
Class III malocclusion. When the AB to mandibular plane angle and N-perpendicular to point A
were selected in discriminant analysis, the AB to mandibular plane angle was the most significant
variable. Discriminant analysis showed a relatively high degree of correct classifications of the
patients with early Class III malocclusion. In particular, discriminant analysis showed the highest
accuracy (93.3%) when predicting a poor prognosis.This study was supported by a grant from the Korea Health 21
R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (03-
PJ1-PG1-CH09-0001)
A Human Embryo of Carnegie Stage 12
A human embryo obtained from a salpinx removed for the treatment of
tubal gestation was serially sectioned and observed. On gross examination, the embryo
showed three prominent pharyngeal arches, but not the cervical sinus. The upper arm
bud had just begun to appear with a slight elevation in the skin ectoderm. Both the anterior
and posterior neuropores had already been closed. The heart was at the cardiac
loop stage. The respiratory diverticulum, the dorsal pancreas and the beginning of the
omental bursa had appeared. In the pharyngeal region, the adenohypophyseal pocket
and the thyroid anlage were observed. The optic evagination showed no regional differentiation
yet. From the above findings, we concluded that this embryo belonged to
Carnegie stage 12
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