Sum list coloring, the sum choice number, and sc-greedy graphs

Let G=(V,E) be a graph and let f be a function that assigns list sizes to the vertices of G. It is said that G is f-choosable if for every assignment of lists of colors to the vertices of G for which the list sizes agree with f, there exists a proper coloring of G from the lists. The sum choice number is the minimum of the sum of list sizes for f over all choosable functions f for G. The sum choice number of a graph is always at most the sum |V|+|E|. When the sum choice number of G is equal to this upper bound, G is said to be sc-greedy. In this paper, we determine the sum choice number of all graphs on five vertices, show that trees of cycles are sc-greedy, and present some new general results about sum list coloring.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figure

An annotated checklist of Wisconsin sap and short-winged flower beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae, Kateretidae)

A survey of Wisconsin Nitidulidae and Kateretidae yielded 78 species through analysis of literature records, museum and private collections, and three years of field research (2000-2002). Twenty-seven species (35% of the Wisconsin fauna) represent new state records, having never been previously recorded from the state. Wisconsin distribution, along with relevant collecting techniques and natural history information, are summarized. The Wisconsin nitidulid and kateretid faunae are compared to reconstructed and updated faunal lists for Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, and south-central Canada. Literature and distributional records suggest at least 11 additional nitidulid species may occur in Wisconsin

Improving State Evaluation of Principal Preparation Programs

Intended for state officials involved in the assessment and approval of university and other programs to train future school principals, this report describes five design principles for effective program evaluation. "While states will undoubtedly want and need to develop systems unique to their context, they could benefit from having guideposts to organize what can be complex work," says the report, which was written jointly by representatives from New Leaders, which helps train school leaders and designs leadership policies and practices for school systems, and the University Council for Educational Administration, a consortium of universities that seeks to promote high-quality education leadership preparation and research. The principles, which emerged from a New Leaders/University Council project to develop a model evaluation system and accompanying of tools, are:Structure the review process in a way that is conducive to continuous program improvement.Create appropriate systems to hold programs accountable for effective practices and outcomes.Provide key stakeholders with accurate and useful information.Take a sophisticated and nuanced approach to data collection and use.Adhere to characteristics of high-quality program evaluation.The report also describes how two states, Illinois and Delaware, have approached evaluation, and provides a tool from its model-development work, an assessment that states can use to determine their degree of "readiness" for building a stronger system to evaluate principal preparation programs

Graeco-Egyptian Papyrology

This research examines a Graeco-Egyptian papyrus in the MU ethnographic collection. The research involved a personal visit to the University of Cincinnati where the manuscript was authenticated, restored, and translated by Dr. Peter Van Minnen. Dated to ca. the 5th Century of the early Byzantine Period, this papyrus originated in the Herakleopolite nome of Egypt, an area which was under the control of Constantinople. This capstone is an endeavor to provide a contextual background, both the economic and social characteristics of the community, as well as the political world at the time. The manuscript provides a list of names, the taxes paid, and in some cases, their profession. A glimpse into the life of a small community over 1,500 years ago. Following the curation and research of the papyrus, Marshall University is now able to display this unique artifact for the benefit of faculty and students and will be available for researchers worldwide

Clean Marine BC and Recreational Vessel Pollution Prevention

Recreational vessels can be a significant source of pollution in the marine environment; sewage, bilge, and greywater discharges, fuel and hydrocarbons leaks, and toxic paints and maintenance products can all contribute to damaging our shared oceans. Fortunately there are many positive solutions available. This presentation will speak to the challenges and opportunities in preventing and mitigating multiple sources of pollution from recreational boating and marinas in BC, with a focus on the Clean Marine BC (CMBC) program. CMBC is a voluntary eco-certification program which recognizing marinas, yacht clubs, harbour authorities and boatyards for their implementation of environmental best practices. Green boating education and outreach is a significant component of CMBC. The program is run by Georgia Strait Alliance (GSA), a solutions-oriented marine conservation organization.GSA is a member of the Pacific Oil Spill Prevention and Education Team (POSPET), a trans-boundary initiative spanning the waters from Alaska to California. Our work focuses on the Strait of Georgia region, the portion of the Salish Sea north of the Canada-U.S border

Effects of Local Plant Neighborhood on Plant Herbivory in Perennial Polyculture Cropping Systems

Thesis (Ph.D.) - Indiana University, Biology, 2015Perennializing grain cropping systems has been proposed as a way to mitigate the challenges facing agriculture in the future due to crop intensification. Crop intensification is characterized by utilizing more land and inputs, less crop diversity, and greater crop density. Perennial cropping systems use native prairie as a model and model diverse prairie communities with perenniality and polyculture. Perennial cropping systems allow for complex planting arrangements (e.g. crop frequency, intercrops, and row spacings) that could confer specialist insect pest resistance via reduced host plant apparency, changes in herbivore attraction, and host plant tissue quality. The three chapters in this dissertation examine these themes of perennial polyculture and effects of spatial heterogeneity on insect abundance. The first chapter compares insect herbivore, predator and parasitoid, pollinator, and detritivore abundance, morphospecies richness, and biovolume among hayed grasslands, and wheat fields. Pollinators and detritivores were more abundant, had greater biovolume, and were more species-rich in hayed grasslands than in wheat fields. Therefore, insects may provide more pollination and decomposition ecosystem services in hayed grasslands. However, grasslands and wheat fields supported comparable numbers of herbivores, suggesting that herbivore densities in grasslands are not any more limited by predators and parasitoids than herbivore densities in wheat fields. The second chapter examined insect herbivore foliar feeding on a legume, Desmanthus illinoensis, which is in the early stages of development as a perennial grain crop. Insect herbivory was examined in the context of prairies. Local neighborhood grass cover strongly influenced insect herbivore foliar feeding; greater grass cover within the plant neighborhood resulted in lesser foliar herbivory. Our results suggest that incorporation of crop diversity, through the addition of a grass, in perennial agroecosystems with D. illinoensis could result in reduced foliar feeding by a specialist herbivore. The third chapter examined a legume (D. illinoensis)-grass (Thinopyrum intermedium) intercrop with row spacing and initial frequency of legume seed treatments. The bicultures were productive which suggests that incorporating crop diversity could benefit perennial polyculture. However, row spacing and seeding frequency had little effect on plant herbivory in this agroecosystem, most likely due to dominance of generalist herbivores