Rola zrównoważonego rozwoju niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego Chin w rewitalizacji obszarów wiejskich w oparciu o perspektywę doświadczenia

The protection and inheritance of the local intangible cultural heritage (ICH) holds profound significance, which has the characteristics of oral transmission and the intertwining of time and space, is an important content and means of rural cultural governance in China in the new era. It is significant in value for promoting rural revitalization and passing on the cultural genes of China. As rural society transforms, the change of rural social structure and cultural order leads to some conflicts for rural ICHs in China, such as subjective crises, weakening of values and the impact of modernity. Therefore, this paper combines the advantages of experience with the inheritance needs of ICH and puts its inheritance and protection under the national strategy of rural revitalization. The study focuses on the function of ICH in rural revitalization from the perspective of experience and explores the topic from three levels: the government, universities, and villages. Moreover, we provide sustainable development strategies for integrating intangible cultural heritage into rural revitalization to promote the revival of rural culture. This article explores the mutually beneficial relationship between intangible cultural heritage and rural revitalization, enhancing our understanding of both aspects. The primary contribution lies in providing sustainable development strategies for integrating intangible cultural heritage into rural revitalization at the government, university, and village levels.Ochrona i dziedziczenie lokalnego niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego (ICH) ma ogromne znaczenie, gdyż łączy przekaz ustny z elementami czasu i przestrzeni. Jest ważną formą treści kulturowych a także sposobem zarządzania kulturą na obszarach wiejskich w Chinach w nowej epoce. Ma ogromną wartość dla promowania rewitalizacji obszarów wiejskich i przekazywania genów kulturowych Chin. W miarę transformacji społeczeństwa wiejskiego zmiana struktury społecznej obszarów wiejskich i porządku kulturowego prowadzi do pewnych konfliktów dla wiejskich ICH w Chinach, takich jak kryzysy subiektywne, osłabienie wartości i wpływ nowoczesności. Niniejszy artykuł łączy doświadczenia z potrzebami spadkowymi ICH i wpisuje jego dziedziczenie i ochronę w krajową strategię rewitalizacji obszarów wiejskich. Badanie koncentruje się na funkcji ICH w rewitalizacji obszarów wiejskich z perspektywy doświadczenia i eksploruje temat na trzech poziomach: rządu, uniwersytetów i wsi. Ponadto sugerujemy strategie zrównoważonego rozwoju mające na celu włączenie niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego do rewitalizacji obszarów wiejskich w celu promowania odrodzenia kultury wiejskiej

Overexpression of the alfalfa WRKY11 gene enhances salt tolerance in soybean.

The WRKY transcription factors play an important role in the regulation of transcriptional reprogramming associated with plant abiotic stress responses. In this study, the WRKY transcription factor MsWRKY11, containing the plant-specific WRKY zinc finger DNA-binding motif, was isolated from alfalfa. The MsWRKY11 gene was detected in all plant tissues (root, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit), with high expression in root and leaf tissues. MsWRKY11 was upregulated in response to a variety of abiotic stresses, including salinity, alkalinity, cold, abscisic acid, and drought. Overexpression of MsWRKY11 in soybean enhanced the salt tolerance at the seedling stage. Transgenic soybean had a better salt-tolerant phenotype, and the hypocotyls were significantly longer than those of wild-type seeds after salt treatment. Furthermore, MsWRKY11 overexpression increased the contents of chlorophyll, proline, soluble sugar, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, but reduced the relative electrical conductivity and the contents of malonaldehyde, H2O2, and O2-. Plant height, pods per plant, seeds per plant, and 100-seed weight of transgenic MsWRKY11 soybean were higher than those of wild-type soybean, especially OX2. Results of the salt experiment showed that MsWRKY11 is involved in salt stress responses, and its overexpression improves salt tolerance in soybean

Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis of <i>MsWRKY11</i> expression patterns in <i>Medicago sativa</i>.

<p>(A) Tissue-specific expression of <i>MsWRKY11</i> in root, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit tissues. (B, C) The expression pattern of <i>MsWRKY11</i> in the root and leaf under abiotic stresses: salinity (300 mM NaCl); alkalinity (0.1 M alkaline solution of Na₂CO₃ and NaHCO₃ in a 1:2 ratio); abscisic acid (ABA; 15 μM); drought (simulated with 150 mM mannitol); and cold (−4°C) for 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. qRT-PCR was performed in triplicate to confirm the accuracy of the results. All of the relative expression levels were log₂-transformed.</p

PTPRO-Associated Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation Plays a Critical Role in Liver Fibrosis

Background/Aims: PTPRO (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type O) is implicated in diverse physiological and pathological processes in cancer and hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, although little is known about its role in hepatic fibrosis. Methods: Here, by using genetically deficient mice, we reported that PTPRO knockout (PTPRO-/-) significantly attenuated liver injury, release of inflammatory factors, tissue remodeling, and liver fibrosis in two experimental mouse models of fibrogenesis induced by bile-duct ligation or carbon tetrachloride administration. Results: However, we proved that PTPRO expression was strongly downregulated in clinical and experimental liver fibrosis specimens. Further investigations revealed that stimulation of primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and hepatocytes with specific activator platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB increased PTPRO transcription in HSCs but had the opposite effect in primary hepatocytes. More importantly, synthetic short hairpin RNA targeting PTPRO significantly neutralized PDGF-BB-induced HSC proliferation and myofibroblast marker expression through downregulated phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and AKT. Conclusion: These observations confirm that PTPRO plays a critical role in liver fibrogenesis by affecting PDGF signaling in HSC activation and might be developed into a feasible therapeutic approach for the treatment of chronic fibrotic liver diseases

Agricultural yield characteristics of transgenic and wild-type soybean.

<p>Agricultural yield characteristics of transgenic and wild-type soybean.</p

Construction of the plant expression vector and results of the PCR analysis of T₀ transgenic <i>MsWRKY11</i> soybean.

<p>(A) Construction of the plant expression vector pTF101.1–<i>MsWRKY11</i>. pTF101.1 plasmid and pMD18T::<i>MsWRKY11</i> were digested using <i>Xba</i>I and <i>Sac</i>I, respectively. T4 ligation was employed to connect the products of the restriction, which were then transferred into <i>Escherichia coli</i> competent cells (DH5α). (B) PCR analysis of transgenic plants: positive transgenic lines and the positive control contain a 600 bp band; M: DL2000 DNA ladder; +: positive control;–: ddH₂O; WT: wild-type soybean.</p

Expression level of <i>MsWRKY11</i> in T₀ transgenic soybean plants.

<p>Four-week-old soybean leaves were used for qRT-PCR. Data from the qRT-PCR experiments were analyzed according to the 2^−∆∆Ct method. Vertical bars indicate standard deviation calculated from 3 replicates. Means denoted by the same letter do not differ significantly at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p