Improving Non-English-Majored College Students' Writing Skills: Combining a Know-Want-Learn Plus Model of Meta-Cognitive Writing Strategy Instruction and Internet-Based Language Laboratory Support

Abstract This paper reviewed a one-term experiment on integrating internet-based language laboratory (IBLL) in teaching writings kills with the know-want-learn (KWL) plus model to second-year nonEnglish-majored college students from Yangtze University. Subjects in this study consisted of 92 non-English-majored college students in the control group (CG) and 91 non-English-majored college students in the experimental group (EG). The results showed that 1) compared with a teacher-dominated approach for CG, internet-based language laboratory with KWL plus model of meta-cognitive writing strategy instruction for EG did a better job in enhancing students' writing skills; 2) there were significant differences between males in CG and EG, and females in CG and EG; 3) students in EG held the positive response for the combined instruction

Expression and correlation of PBRM1 and P53 in clear cell carcinoma of kidney

Prevalence of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) among human population though common among adults, it occurs in children and young adults as well. The prognostic value of P53 expression in ccRCC is well known. Recently, PBRM1 has also acquired attention for its prognostic and predictive value in ccRCC. Here, we investigated the expression and correlation of PBRM1 and P53 in ccRCC. Renal tissues were collected from 70 patients who have undergone radical nephrectomy for clear cell carcinoma of the kidney in our hospital and 24 healthy volunteers for the study. We used immunohistochemical approach to determine the expression of PBRM1 and P53 in clear cell carcinoma of the kidney and normal kidney tissues and to analyze the correlation between them. Clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of patients were also studied. The positive expression rate of PBRM1 in clear renal cell carcinoma tissues was significantly higher (62.86%) compared to the normal renal tissues 8.33%. Similarly, positive expression rate of P53 in clear renal cell carcinoma tissues was 40%, while it was no expression in normal renal tissues. The expression level of PBRM1 was correlated with pathological grade and clinical stage of ccRCC patients, but not with age, sex and tumor size. P53 and expression levels were independent of age, sex, tumor size, pathological grade, and clinical stage of patients with clear cell carcinoma of the kidney. The 5-year survival rate of PBRM1 positive expression patients was 40.91% significantly lower than that of PBRM1 negative expression patients (84.62%), whereas in P53 it was 50 and 61.90%, respectively. Clinical stage, pathological grade and PBRM1 were all independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with clear cell carcinoma of the kidney. Overall, the results suggest that PBRM1 is positively correlated with P53 in clear cell carcinoma of kidney (r=0.781, P=0.012). PBRM1 and P53 are both highly expressed in ccRCC and play an important role in the development of the disease. PBRM1 can also be used as an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of ccRCC patients

Expression and correlation of PBRM1 and P53 in clear cell carcinoma of kidney

717-721Prevalence of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) among human population though common among adults, it occurs in children and young adults as well. The prognostic value of P53 expression in ccRCC is well known. Recently, PBRM1 has also acquired attention for its prognostic and predictive value in ccRCC. Here, we investigated the expression and correlation of PBRM1 and P53 in ccRCC. Renal tissues were collected from 70 patients who have undergone radical nephrectomy for clear cell carcinoma of the kidney in our hospital and 24 healthy volunteers for the study. We used immunohistochemical approach to determine the expression of PBRM1 and P53 in clear cell carcinoma of the kidney and normal kidney tissues and to analyze the correlation between them. Clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of patients were also studied. The positive expression rate of PBRM1 in clear renal cell carcinoma tissues was significantly higher (62.86%) compared to the normal renal tissues 8.33%. Similarly, positive expression rate of P53 in clear renal cell carcinoma tissues was 40%, while it was no expression in normal renal tissues. The expression level of PBRM1 was correlated with pathological grade and clinical stage of ccRCC patients, but not with age, sex and tumor size. P53 and expression levels were independent of age, sex, tumor size, pathological grade, and clinical stage of patients with clear cell carcinoma of the kidney. The 5-year survival rate of PBRM1 positive expression patients was 40.91% significantly lower than that of PBRM1 negative expression patients (84.62%), whereas in P53 it was 50 and 61.90%, respectively. Clinical stage, pathological grade and PBRM1 were all independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with clear cell carcinoma of the kidney. Overall, the results suggest that PBRM1 is positively correlated with P53 in clear cell carcinoma of kidney (r=0.781, P=0.012). PBRM1 and P53 are both highly expressed in ccRCC and play an important role in the development of the disease. PBRM1 can also be used as an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of ccRCC patients

Electrochemical determination of hydroquinone using hydrophobic ionic liquid-type carbon paste electrodes

Three types of carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) with different liquid binders were fabricated, and their electrochemical behavior was characterized via a potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) probe. 1-Octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid (IL) as a hydrophobic conductive pasting binder showed better electrochemical performance compared with the commonly employed binder. The IL-contained CPEs demonstrated excellent electroactivity for oxidation of hydroquinone. A diffusion control mechanism was confirmed and the diffusion coefficient (D) of 5.05 × 10-4 cm2 s-1 was obtained. The hydrophobic IL-CPE is promising for the determination of hydroquinone in terms of high sensitivity, easy operation, and good durability

Synthesis of 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9-, 10-, 11-, and 12-armed star-shaped poly(styrene oxide) Ru(II) complexes by a click-to-chelate approach

This study describes the first convenient preparation of 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9-, 10-, 11-, and 12-armed star-shaped poly(styrene oxide) (PSO) Ru(II) complexes using a click-to-chelate approach. This approach involves the combination of the click reaction and stepwise chelating reactions of Ru(II)(DMSO)(4)Cl-2 with macroligands, 2-(1-PSOn-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (PSOn-tapy) or 2-(1-PSOm-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-6-(1-PSOn-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (PSOm-bitapy-PSOn) (m, n = 1, 2, or 3). Click chemistry was used to prepare the PSOn-tapy and PSOm-bitapy-PSOn macroligands. More specifically, PSOn-tapy was prepared by reacting the azido-functionalized PSOn (PSOn-N-3) with excess 2-ethynylpridine. On the other hand, PSOm-bitapy-PSOn was obtained by the click reaction of excess PSOn-N-3 with 2,6-diethynylpridine to afford (PSOn)(2)-bitapy when m equals n, and by the stepwise click reactions of PSOm-N-3 and PSOn-N-3 with 2,6-diethynylpridine to produce PSOm-bitapy-PSOn when m is not equal to n. In order to obtain these polymer-substituted macroligands, PSOn-N-3 was initially synthesized by the living ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of styrene oxide (SO) using t-Bu-P-4 as a catalyst and the azido-functionalized mono- or multi-hydroxyl compounds, e.g., 6-azido-1-hexanol, 2-((6-azidohexyloxy)methyl)-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol (1) and 2-((6-azidohexyloxy)methyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol (2) as initiators

Silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite scaffold: a highly compatible material for bone regeneration

In recent years remarkable efforts have been made to produce artificial bone through tissue engineering techniques. Silk fibroin (SF) and hydroxyapatite (HA) have been used in bone tissue regeneration as biomaterials due to mechanical properties of SF and biocompatibility of HA. There has been growing interest in developing SF/HA composites to reduce bone defects. In this regard, several attempts have been made to study the biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties of this material. This article overviews the recent advance from last few decades in terms of the preparative methods and application of SF/HA in bone regeneration. Its first part is related to SF that presents the most common sources, preparation methods and comparison of SF with other biomaterials. The second part illustrates the importance of HA by providing information about its production and properties. The third part presents comparative studies of SF/HA composites with different concentrations of HA along with methods of preparation of composites and their applications

Organic acids as efficient catalysts for group transfer polymerization of N,N-disubstituted acrylamide with silyl ketene acetal : polymerization mechanism and synthesis of diblock copolymers

The group transfer polymerization (GTP) of N,N-diethylacrylamide (DEAA) was studied using various combinations of an organic acid of N-(trimethylsilyl) bis-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (Me3SiNTf2), 1-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-1,1-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) methane (C6F5CHTf2), and tris(pentafluorophenyl) borane (B(C6F5)(3)) and a silyl ketene acetal (SKA) of 1-methoxy-1-(trimethylsiloxy)-2-methyl-1-propene (MeSKA), 1-methoxy-1-(triethylsiloxy)-2-methyl-1-propene (EtSKA), 1-methoxy1-(triisopropylsiloxy)-2-methyl-1-propene (iPrSKA), and 1-methoxy-1-(triphenylsiloxy)-2-methyl-1-propene (PhSKA), among which the combination of B(C6F5)(3) and EtSKA afforded a relatively better control over the molecular weight distribution. The polymerization behavior of DEAA using B(C6F5)(3) and EtSKA was then intensively investigated in terms of the polymerization kinetics, chain extension experiments, and MALDI-TOF MS analyses, by which the polymerization was proven to proceed in a living fashion though an induction period of tens of minutes occurred. The B(C6F5)(3)-catalyzed GTP was further extended to various N, N-disubstituted acrylamides (DAAs), such as N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA), N, N-di-n-propylacrylamide (DnPAA), N-acryloylpiperidine (API), N-acryloylmorpholine (NAM), N-(2-methoxyethyl)-N-methylacrylamide (MMEAA), N, N-bis(2-methoxyethyl) acrylamide (BMEAA), N, N-diallylacrylamide (DAlAA), and N-methyl-N-propargylacrylamide (MPAA). Finally, the livingness of the polymerization was used to synthesize acrylamide-acrylamide block copolymers and methacrylate-acrylamide hetero-block copolymers

Synthesis and thermoresponsive properties of four-arm star-shaped poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)s bearing covalent and non-covalent cores

The present study describes the precise synthesis and thermoresponsive properties of two types of four-arm star-shaped poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)s (PNIPAM), i.e., the covalently linked one (3) and the non-covalently Ru(II)-chelated one (5). The atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method was used to prepare the azido-terminated PNIPAM (1) arm using (2-azidoethyl)-2-chloropropionamide (AECP) as the initiator. 3 was subsequently prepared based on the click reaction of 1 with a multifunctional linker of tetra[(5-hexynyloyloxy)methyl]methane. For comparison, its linear counterpart 2 was also synthesized as a reference polymer by the same method using ethyl 5-hexynyloate. The four-arm star-shaped PNIPAM Ru complex 5, on the other hand, was prepared by a click-to-chelate approach, which involves the click reaction of 1 with 2,6-diethynylpyridine to produce the macroligand of 2,6-bis(1-PNIPAM-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) pyridine (4) and the chelating reaction of RuCl3 with 4 to afford 5. The thermoresponsive properties of the resulting polymers were investigated using a UV-vis spectrophotometer by measuring the optical transmittance of the polymer solution with varying solution temperature and the cloud point (T-c) at 50% transmittance intensity in order to assess their thermoresponsive properties. The detailed thermoresponsive properties of these polymers, including the effects of the polymer terminal and core linkage and constituents of the four-arm star-shaped PNIPAMs on the T-c, are significantly described in the later part of this study

An Integration Optimization Strategy of Line Voltage Cascaded Quasi-Z-Source Inverter Parameters Based on GRA-FA

Setting reasonable circuit parameters is an important way to improve the quality of inverters, including waveform quality and power loss. In this paper, a circuit system of line voltage cascaded quasi-Z-source inverter (LVC-qZSI) is built. On this basis, the double frequency voltage ripple ratio and power loss ratio are selected as optimization targets to establish a multi-objective optimization model of LVC-qZSI parameters. To simplify the calculation, an integration optimization strategy of LVC-qZSI parameters based on GRA-FA is proposed. Where, the grey relation analysis (GRA) is used to simplify the multi-objective optimization model. In GRA, the main influence factors are selected as optimization variables by considering the preference coefficient. Then, firefly algorithm (FA) is used to obtain the optimal solution of the multi-objective optimization model. In FA, the weights of objective functions are assigned based on the principle of information entropy. The analysis results are verified by simulation. Research results indicate that the optimization strategy can effectively reduce the double frequency voltage ripple ratio and power loss ratio. Therefore, the strategy proposed in this paper has a superior ability to optimize the parameters of LVC-qZSI, which is of great significance to the initial values setting