Postal reminder with reduced burden of clinic information seeking for equitable participation in general health check-ups: A randomized controlled trial

High participation rate and low inequality in participation are key to the program success of general health check-ups in Japan. This study examined the effectiveness of a postal reminder including nearest clinic information, compared to the standard postal reminder including details of all local clinics, on participation rate and income-based participation rate in general health checks. This was a single-blind, two-arm, prospective, randomized controlled study conducted at the Fukuoka Branch of Japan Health Insurance Association. Dependents (family members) of insured persons aged 40–69 years were randomly assigned (1:1) to the intervention group that received a tailored postal reminder intervention (showing information on the nearest clinic from each participant's address) or to the control group that received an original template postal reminder (containing just the URL of the website listing all available clinics). Allocation was concealed from participants and service providers of general health check-up. The primary outcome was participation in general health check-ups within 1 month of intervention. Between February 1 and February 10, 2017, 21, 017 were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 10, 474) or control (n = 10, 543) group. The participation rate in the intervention group was higher than control group (3.2% vs. 2.1%; OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.31–1.85, P < 0.001). The intervention effect was estimated to decrease as the income category increased (P for interaction = 0.037). Tailored postal reminders with information on the nearest clinic were able to improve the overall participation rate and reduce income-based inequality in participation for general health check-ups in Japan

大学生のストレス反応に影響を与える諸要因の検討 －共感性、先延ばし傾向、対人ストレスコーピングの視点から－

本研究では、大学生の感じるストレスに対してストレスコーピングのあり方がどのように関連しているか、特に先延ばし傾向が及ぼす影響について男女別に検討した。対象者は大学生３１５名であった。質問紙は、ストレスコーピングに関連のあるとされる共感尺度、先延ばし傾向尺度、対人ストレスコーピング尺度、ストレス反応尺度で構成された。「抑うつ不安」「不機嫌怒り」「無気力」からなるストレス反応について重回帰分析を行った結果、男子では全てのストレス反応に対して先延ばし傾向の影響が大きいことが明らかとなった。また、女子では先延ばし傾向よりも被影響性の影響が大きいことがわかった。以上よりストレス反応に影響を与える傾向やコーピング手段が男女で異なり、ストレス反応の低減のために男子は問題を後回しにしないことや独りよがりにならないこと、女子は男子の傾向に加えて周囲に影響を受けすぎないことが重要であることが示唆された。This research considered the influence which the state of stress-coping and “procrastination" is related to the stress which a university student feels, according to sex. Subjects were 315 university students. The question paper was constituted from the “sympathy", “procrastination", “interpersonal stress-coping", and “stress reaction" measure which is supposed by stress-coping. As a result of performing multiple linear regression analysis about the stress reaction which consists of “depression uneasiness", “ill-humored anger", and “enervation", the influence of “procrastination" became clear to all stress reactions in men. Moreover, it turned out that “influenced state" effects to a stress reaction larger than “procrastination" in women. Therefore it turned out that the characteristic and stress-coping means affecting a stress reaction is different by men and women. Moreover, it was suggested that men does not defer a problem for reduction of a stress reaction or not become self-satisfied. And that it is important for women not to receive influence in the surroundings too much, in addition to tendency of menmportant for women not to receive influence in the surroundings too much, in addition to tendency of men

KEY FACTORS FOR THE SEPARATION OF SILICON AND IRON DURING PHOSPHORUS RECOVERY FROM SLAG DISCHARGED FROM THE DOUBLE-SLAG REFINING PROCESS

In the present study, we developed a technology for concentrating and recovering phosphorus from slag-like phosphorus-containing unused resources and applied it to slag discharged during the latest steelmaking process, that is, double-slag refining process (DRP). The technology we developed consists of the following four processes: Process (1) is the initial acid elution; Process (2) involves alkali precipitation; Process (3) is the second acid elution; and, Process (4) utilizes ion-exchange. In Process (1), the addition of DPR slag to 0.5 M of a nitric acid solution for 24 min resulted in sufficient phosphorus dissolution. In Process (2), ammonia was added to the dissolved solution, and phosphorus was precipitated with high efficiency. The timing of the addition of ammonia significantly influenced the removal of silicon and iron, which would have been inconvenient to accomplish in subsequent processes. In Process (3), the precipitation obtained in Process (2) was re-dissolved in a nitric acid solution. The dissolution of phosphorus together with other elements progressed sufficiently, and we confirmed that silicon could be completely separated as silica by using high-concentration nitric acid at this stage. The fact that silicon could be removed during Process (3) was an important finding, since silicon could not have been separated in the Process (4). In Process (4), by passing the phosphorus-containing solution obtained in Process (3) through an ion exchange resin, elements other than phosphorus and silicon could be removed, which confirms that the range of applications for this technology could be expanded

自動思考と自己主体感が精神的健康に及ぼす影響

本研究では､青年期における自動思考と自己主体感が精神的健康としての本来感に及ぼす影響を構造方程式ﾓﾃﾞﾘﾝｸﾞを用いて検討した｡調査では､大学生273名を分析対象とした｡まず､男女ともに肯定的思考は直接本来感に正の影響を及ぼしていた｡また男女とも肯定的思考は､社会的主張を介して本来感へ影響するという媒介効果も示された｡したがって心理的支援に際しても､ｸﾗｲｴﾝﾄの肯定的な自動思考に注目する必要が示唆された｡次に女性については､将来に対する否定的な認知傾向が､自身の身体にまつわる感覚へもﾈｶﾞﾃｨﾌﾞな影響を及ぼす可能性が示唆された｡一方､男性では身体的な側面を媒介せずに直接自分らしさの感覚へﾈｶﾞﾃｨﾌﾞな影響を及ぼす結果が示された｡また精神誤帰属が自動思考や本来感との関連を示す結果は得られず､統合失調症ﾊﾟｰｿﾅﾘﾃｨの特徴は自動思考や本来感とは異なる次元で作動する心理的変数であることが考えられた｡The purpose of this research is to discuss the influence of automatic thoughts and sense of agency on the sense of authenticity as a mental health in adolescence. This investigation analyzed 273 university students. As a result, positive thoughts had a positive influence on a sense of authenticity directly. And positive thoughts had an influence on a sense of authenticity through the social assertion. Therefore, it was suggested that we should pay attention to clients\u27positive automatic thoughts which is recognized on psychological supports. Then, it was suggested that a negative recognition tendency for the future in women affects a negative sense of awareness of the body. On the other hand, it was shown that a negative tendency for the future recognition in men affects a negative sense of individuality directly without mediating a physical sense. In addition, misattribution to spirit was not associated with automatic thoughts or a sense of authenticity. Therefore, it was suggested that the feature of a Schizophrenic personality may have different psychological variables from automatic thoughts or sense of authenticity