非小細胞肺癌におけるプロスタグランジン合成経路の特徴,小細胞肺癌との比較および血管新生,血管新生因子,転移との関連

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博乙第1610号 , 学位授与年月日 : 平成17年9月21日, 学位授与大学 : 金沢大

Clinical efficacy of intermittent pressure augmented–retrograde cerebral perfusion

ObjectiveDuring aortic surgery under hypothermic circulatory arrest, retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) is commonly used as a cerebroprotective method to extend the duration of circulatory arrest safely. Kitahori and colleagues described a novel protocol of RCP using intermittent pressure augmented (IPA)–RCP in 2005. The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical effectiveness of this novel protocol.MethodsA total of 20 consecutive patients undergoing total replacement of the aortic arch were assigned to a conventional RCP (n = 10) or an IPA-RCP group (n = 10). Cerebral perfusion was provided at a continuous venous pressure of 25 mm Hg in the conventional RCP, and venous pressure was intermittently provided at 20 mm Hg for 120 seconds and at 45 mm Hg for 30 seconds in the IPA-RCP group. The clinical outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) was measured using near infrared spectroscopy every 10 minutes from the beginning of RCP initiation. To represent the brain oxygen consumption, the decline ratio of rSO2 was calculated.ResultsThere was no surgical mortality or major neurologic complications in either group. The interval from the end of surgery to full wakefulness was significantly shorter in the IPA-RCP group (85 ± 64 minutes) than in the conventional RCP group (310 ± 282 minutes; P < .05). Although the initial rSO2 value did not show significant difference in both groups, the rSO2 with IPA-RCP was greater than that with conventional RCP from 10 to 70 minutes (P < .05). The decline ratio of rSO2 was lower in the IPA-RCP group than in the RCP perfusion group at all points (P < .05).ConclusionsIPA-RCP might provide more homogenous cerebral perfusion and a more effective oxygen supply to the brain with better clinical results than conventional RCP

Splicing inhibition induces gene expression through canonical NF-κB pathway and extracellular signal-related kinase activation

AbstractSplicing, a process for mRNA maturation, is essential for correct gene expression after transcription. However, recent studies also suggest that splicing affects transcription, but its mechanism remains elusive. We previously reported that treatment with spliceostatin A (SSA), a specific splicing inhibitor targeting the splicing factor SF3b, leads to transcriptional activation of a small subset of genes. To investigate the underlying mechanism we utilized luciferase reporters driven by the Interleukin 8 (IL-8) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoters, as both recruit a similar set of transcription factors. We also found that SSA treatment led to increased extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) activity and that chemical inhibition of ERK also led to decreased promoter activation. Systematic deletion studies suggested that NF-κB activation is mainly responsible for SSA-induced promoters activation

Muscle-Tendon Complex-Inspired Deformable Exteriors as a Wire-Drive Extension

The 11th International Symposium on Adaptive Motion of Animals and Machines. Kobe University, Japan. 2023-06-06/09. Adaptive Motion of Animals and Machines Organizing Committee.Poster Session P5

トウキョウ イカ シカ ダイガク シガクブ シガッカ ノ リンショウ ジッシュウ シサツ ホウコク

In recent years, dental services are subdivided and complicated, moreover the social circumstances change busily. An important object of the dental education is to bring up the dentist who had rich knowledge and rich human nature adaptable to such a change. The dental students can learn knowledge and skills through lectures and phantom practices. However, it is essential to experience dental examination and treatment in the clinical field to bring up dentists such as the above dentists. In the University of Tokushima faculty of dentistry, clinical clerkship has been performed by patients' cooperation, and university students have learned a communicative competence and behavior to contact with the patients as well as the knowledge and skill of dental treatment, and improved the professional ethics. On the other hand, the patients suffering from underlying disease except dental disease such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and heart disorder increase. When these diseases are particularly serious, scrupulous attention is necessary in the dental treatment, these patients are unsuitable for clinical clerkship if the patients are cooperative. Moreover it becomes difficult to get the patients' cooperation for clinical clerkship year by year. The improvement of dental clinical education is a matter of great urgency corresponding to such situation. Therefore we inspected a clinical clerkship in faculty of dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University and collected information for improvement of clinical clerkship of the University of Tokushima, faculty of dentistry

No Different Sensitivity in Terms of Whole-Body Irradiation between Normal and Acatalasemic Mice

To elucidate the radiosensitivity of an acatalasemic mouse, we examined the time and dose-dependency in the survival rates, the lymphocytes and the intestinal epithelial cells, and the antioxidant function after 3.0 to 12.0 Gy whole body irradiation. Results showed that no significant differences between acatalasemic mice and normal mice were observed in the survival rates and the histological changes in spleens and small intestine after each irradiation. The catalase activities in livers and spleens of acatalasemic mice were significantly lower than those of normal mice and the glutathione peroxidase activity in livers of acatalasemic mice was significantly higher than that of normal mice. At 10 days after 6.0 Gy irradiation, the catalase activities in livers of acatalasemic and normal mice and that in spleens of normal mice significantly decreased compared with no-irradiation control, and there were no differences between those catalase activities. The total glutathione content in acatalasemic mice was significantly higher than that in normal mice at 10 days after 6.0 Gy irradiation. These findings suggested that the radiosensitivity of acatalasemic mice in terms of whole body irradiation doesn’t significantly differ from that of normal mice, probably due to compensated sufficient contents of glutathione peroxidase and total glutathione in acatalasemic mice

Attempting to define sentinel node micrometastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma

OBJECTIVE:The aim of this supplemental study of a sentinel node (SN) biopsy (SNB) trial for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was to assess the effectiveness in identifying micrometastasis and determining whether elective neck dissection (END) is necessary. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty-three patients with pathologically positive SNs were included. The sizes of the metastatic lesions in positive SNs (SMSNs) were classified and the rates of occult metastasis of non-SNs were compared. RESULTS:The patients were divided according to the SMSN:<0.2 mm (group A, n=3);0.2 mm to <2.0 mm (group B, n=7);and ≥2.0 mm (group C, n=13). The rates of occult metastasis in groups A, B, and C were 0% (0/3), 14% (1/7) and 23% (3/13), respectively. CONCLUSION:Rare cancer cell distribution to nodes other than SNs was observed in the patients with SN metastatic lesions of at least smaller than 0.2 mm in size, suggesting the possibility of defining SN micrometastasis in N0 OSCC

Reasons for the delays in the definitive diagnosis of lung cancer for more than one year from the recognition of abnormal chest shadows

金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系Objective. Primary lung cancer generally has a poor prognosis if not diagnosed at an early stage. But some lung cancers grow very slowly. In particular, adenocarcinoma is sometimes observed for years with no change of tumor size. In this study, we examined the reasons for the delays in reaching a definitive diagnosis of lung cancer. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed primary lung cancer cases between January 1995 and December 1999 and examined those whose definitive diagnoses were delayed for more than a year. Results. A total of 222 primary lung cancers were diagnosed. Of those, 19 patients (group A, 8.6%) were diagnosed after more than a year, and the other 203 (group B, 91.4%) were diagnosed within one year. The proportion of women in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (p<0.05). The mean age of group A was significantly younger than that of group B (p<0.05). The Brinkman Index of group A was significantly lower than that of group B (p<0.05). The histologic types were significantly different between the two groups (p<0.05). In group A, 18 patients (94.7%) had adenocarcinomas. Five primary reasons for the delays in group A were identified: 1) Four patients were tentatively diagnosed as inflammation or benign tumor on CT and were consequently not followed-up. 2) The chest CT shadows in 6 patients were suspected lung cancers but transbronchial lung biopsy findings did not show malignancy. 3) Four patients were tentatively diagnosed as inflammation or benign tumor on CT, but the tumors showed only very slow growth or no change at all. 4) The chest CT shadows of 2 patients were suspected lung cancer, but the patients refused to undergo video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) or closer examination. 5) Three patients did not consult medical facilities for a second examination. Conclusions. Many of the adenocarcinomas reviewed in our study grew slowly or remained unchanged for years. Doctors are mainly responsible for the delays in the definitive diagnosis and should aggressively perform VATS or closer examinations without hesitation