"Worst thing about it is that it is a must..." Roma and the Education System in the Czech Republic

TITLE: "The worst thing about it is that it is a must…" Roma and the Education System in the Czech Republic AUTHOR: Mgr. Markéta Levínská, Ph.D. DEPARTMENT: Psychology SUPERVISOR: doc. PhDr. Miloš Kučera, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: The dissertation thesis presents the results of ethnographic research conducted between 2005 and 2012. The theoretical part provides an analysis of the cognitive process and looks for causes of prejudiced thinking. The practical part presents a number of topical articles with the intention to present the issues relating to the education of Roma in the Czech Republic from different perspectives. The first article deals with the Czech legislation and with the position of the Czech government. The rest of the practical part is divided into two sections - the first section presents two sets of outputs from researches conducted in an urban Roma community. The first article titled Eliška analyses the identity of a representative of the local community; the other, titled Romanka, describes the transfer of a Roma girl from elementary school to practical school. The second section contains chapters presenting field research in excluded rural areas. The chapter A weekday in Alfa addresses the issues of emergence of socially excluded locations and relationship between the majority and the minority...

Additional file 1: of Elevated Ozone Deteriorates Grain Quality of Japonica Rice cv. Koshihikari, Even if it Does Not Cause Yield Reduction

Visual images of dehulled kernels. Black and white arrowheads indicate severely chalky and almost translucent grains, respectively. AA, ambient air; O3, elevated ozone. (TIF 4577 kb

Additional file 3: of Elevated Ozone Deteriorates Grain Quality of Japonica Rice cv. Koshihikari, Even if it Does Not Cause Yield Reduction

Pasting properties of rice kernels of “Koshihikari” and “Kasalath”. The viscosity value at each temperature point is the average of three replications. The thin line indicates the change in temperature during measurement with a RVA. AA, ambient air; O3, elevated ozone. (TIF 11376 kb

Genome scans for ozone-induced yield loss and the number of primary rachis branches.

<p>(A, C) QTL likelihood maps for (A) grain yield and (C) the number of primary rachis branches. Genetic maps were produced by composite interval mapping using differences between ambient air and elevated ozone. (B, D) Additive effect of (B) QTLs for grain yield and (D) the number of primary rachis branches. A positive (negative) additive effect in <i>B</i> and <i>D</i> represents an increasing allele from Sasanishiki (Habataki). The vertical dotted lines separate chromosomes 1–12 (labeled at the bottom) progressing left to right along the <i>x</i>-axis.</p

Effects of elevated ozone on two rice cultivars, Sasanishiki and Habataki.

<p>(A) Changes in grain yield in 2009 and 2010. (B) Changes in the number of primary rachis branches in 2009 and 2010. Values are mean ± SD (<i>n</i> = 20). Error bars indicate SD; n.s., not significant; *<i>P</i><0.1; **<i>P</i><0.05 (Student’s <i>t</i>-test). AA, ambient air; O₃, elevated ozone; Sasa, Sasanishiki; Haba, Habataki. (C) Typical panicles of Habataki grown under ambient air (left) or elevated ozone (right). Yellow circles indicateidentify each primary rachis branches. Scale bar = 5 cm.</p

APO1 amino acid sequences in Sasanishiki and Habataki.

<p>Boxes show predicted functional motifs (I, F-box domain; II, Kelch motif). APO1 of Habataki has two amino acid substitutions (Ile39Val in the F-box domain and Arg226Gly near the Kelch motif), and a deletion of three amino acids (Gly309–Gly311) in comparison with Sasanishiki. Sasa, Sasanishiki; Haba, Habataki.</p

Effects of the Habataki-type <i>APO1</i> gene in Habataki and the SHA422-1.1 near-isogenic line.

<p>(A) Graphical genotype of chromosome 6 of SHA422-1.1 (<i>APO1</i> near-isogenic line) and SHA422-1.3. The thickest arrow represents the open reading frame of <i>APO1</i>; narrower arrows represent other predicted genes. 1.1, SHA422-1.1; 1.3, SHA422-1.3. Modified from [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0123308#pone.0123308.ref020" target="_blank">20</a>]. (B, C) Effects of the Habataki-type <i>APO1</i> gene on (B) grain yield and (C) the number of primary rachis branches. Values are mean ± SD (<i>n</i> = 36). NF, non-filtered air (converted values); O₃, elevated ozone. Bars topped by the same letters are not significantly different (Tukey’s HSD test, <i>P</i><0.05).</p

Ozone-induced changes in endogenous phytohormone levels in Sasanishiki and Habataki.

<p>The levels of (A, D) ABA, (B, E) JA, and (C, F) JA-Ile were measured in (A–C) inflorescence meristems and (D–F) flag leaves. Values are mean ± SD (<i>n</i> = 3). AA, ambient air, O₃, elevated ozone; Sasa, Sasanishiki; Haba, Habataki. Bars topped by the same letters are not significantly different (Tukey’s HSD test, <i>P</i><0.05).</p

A genetic linkage map showing the positions of QTLs for grain yield and for the number of primary rachis branches on rice chromosomes in 2009 and 2010.

<p>The map is adapted from [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0123308#pone.0123308.ref043" target="_blank">43</a>]. Genes known to affect grain yield in rice are indicated on the right of each chromosome.</p

Geographic variation in isolates detected in NTM-LD patients.

<p>Nine patients were residents of another prefecture. Map was obtained from the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (<a href="http://www.gsi.go.jp/ENGLISH/index.html" target="_blank">http://www.gsi.go.jp/ENGLISH/index.html</a>). MAC, <i>Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare</i> complex.</p